川西南部灰岩地层取心层裂机理
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摘要
在深部高地应力地层中取心,岩心层裂(饼化)是一种常见的工程现象。岩心层裂和岩体的物性、力学性质以及原地应力密切相关。为研究钻井取心过程中岩心层裂现象的机理,结合川西南部地区A井和B井取心过程中的岩心层裂现象,考虑岩石矿物组分与岩石脆性指数的关系,基于应力集中的非均匀岩石拉伸破坏模型,给出了岩心层裂现象产生的判据,采用理论计算对饼化现象进行了验证。研究结果表明:脆性矿物含量越高,岩石脆性越强,越易生成裂缝;岩心套取是一个卸载水平方向最大主应力的过程,卸载速度越快,损伤处的附加拉应力越大,且对应被激活损伤的尺寸就越小,当附加拉应力大于岩石抗拉强度时,会出现岩心层裂现象,随着取心的继续此过程将重复地发生下去。
Coring in deep high geostress formation,core discing( layer cake) is a common phenomenon of engineering. The physical properties,mechanical properties of rock mass and the in-situ are closely related to core discing. In order to research the mechanism of core discing,combined with the coring of A and B Wells in southern sichuan,considering the component of rock mineral and rock brittleness index,based on the stress concentration of the heterogeneous rock tensile failure model,giving the criterion of core discing,the theoretical calculation and numerical simulation method verified this phenomenon. The results show that the brittleness mineral content is higher,the stronger the rock brittleness; coring is an unloading cycle of the horizontal maximum principal stress,the faster of unloading,the larger of additional tensile stress tends to excite smaller damages. When additional tensile stress is greater than tensile strength of rocks,core discing can occur,as the coring continues,this process will be repeated
Coring in deep high geostress formation,core discing( layer cake) is a common phenomenon of engineering. The physical properties,mechanical properties of rock mass and the in-situ are closely related to core discing. In order to research the mechanism of core discing,combined with the coring of A and B Wells in southern sichuan,considering the component of rock mineral and rock brittleness index,based on the stress concentration of the heterogeneous rock tensile failure model,giving the criterion of core discing,the theoretical calculation and numerical simulation method verified this phenomenon. The results show that the brittleness mineral content is higher,the stronger the rock brittleness; coring is an unloading cycle of the horizontal maximum principal stress,the faster of unloading,the larger of additional tensile stress tends to excite smaller damages. When additional tensile stress is greater than tensile strength of rocks,core discing can occur,as the coring continues,this process will be repeated
引文
1王丽忱,甄鉴,张露.钻井取心技术现状及进展.石油科技论坛,2015;31(2):48-52Wang L C,Zhen J,Zhang L.Present conditions and progress of coring technology.Oil Forum,2015;31(2):48-52
2 Hast N.Tectonic,deformation and failure problems of deep rock mass.Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1958;25(3):448-455
3 Jaeger J C,Cook N G W.Pinching off and discing of rocks.Journal of Geophysical Research,1963;68(6):1759-1765
4 Obert L,Stephenson D E.Stress conditions under which core discing occurs.Transaction of Society of Mining Engineering of American Institute of Mining Engineering,1965;232(3):227-235
5 Durelli A J,Obert L,Parks V J.Stress required to initiate core discing.Transaction SME,1968;241(3):269-276
6侯发亮,贾愚如.岩芯饼化的应力分析.岩土工程学报,1984;6(5):48-58Hou F L,Jia Y R.Stress analysis on disced rock cores.Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1984;6(5):48-58
7尚岳全,孙琪.天荒坪电站岩芯饼化机制分析.地质灾害与环境保护,1991;2(2):49-57Shang Y Q,Sun Q.Tianhuangping power station core cake mechanism analysis.Geological Hazards and Environment Preservation,1991;2(2):49-57
8阮小平,李方全.茅坪800 m钻孔饼状岩芯分析.地震学报,1994;16(2):190-194Ruan X P,Li F Q.Maoping 800 m drilling pie core analysis.Acta Seismologica Ainica,1994;16(2):190-194
9陶振宇.对“岩芯饼化的应力分析”一文的讨论.岩土工程学报,1986;8(2):107-108Tao Z Y.The discus of stress analysis on disced rock cores.Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1986;8(2):107-108
10姚宝魁.二滩坝址岩心裂饼现象及其断裂破坏机制.地质科学,1986;3:301-310Yao B K.Discing phenomenon of the drillhole core at Er Tan Dam site and analysis of its fracture mechanism.Scientia Geologica Sinica,1986;3:301-310
11严鹏,卢文波,陈明,等.高应力取芯卸荷损伤及其对岩石强度的影响.岩石力学与工程学报,2013;32(4):681-688Yan P,Lu W B,Chen M,et al.Coring-induced unloading damage to rock samples under high stress condition and its impact on rock strength.Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2013;32(4):681-688
12李占海,李绍军,冯夏庭,等.深部岩体岩芯饼化特征分析与形成机制研究.岩石力学与工程学报,2011;30(11):2254-2266Li Z H,Li S J,Feng X T,et al.Characteristics and formation mechanism of core discing in deep rock mass.Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011;30(11):2254-2266
13姜谙男,曾正文,唐春安.岩芯成饼单元安全度三维数值试验及地应力反馈分析.岩石力学与工程学报,2010;29(8):1610-1617Jiang A N,Zeng Z W,Tang C A.Three-dimensional numerical test of element safety degree of rock core discing and feed-back analysis of geostresses.Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2010;29(8):1610-1617
14张宏伟,荣海,韩军,等.基于应力及能量条件的岩芯饼化机理研究.应用力学学报,2014;31(4):512-517Zhang H W,Rong H,Han J,et al.Study on rock core discing mechanism based on stress and energy principle.Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics,2014;31(4):512-517
15李彦恒,谭可可,冯利.基于岩饼几何形态测量的原地应力测定方法.新疆石油地质,2012;33(2):224-228Li Y H,Tan K K,Feng L.Estimation of in situ geostress states from measuring shape of disked core.Rock and Soil Mechanics,2012;33(2):224-228
16 Buller D,Hughes S,Market J,et al.Petrophysical evaluation for enhancing hydraulic stimulation in horizontal shale gas wells.SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition.Richardson:Society of Petroleum Engineers,2010:13-34
17孟庆峰,侯贵廷.页岩气成藏地质条件及中国上扬子区页岩气潜力.油气地质及采收率,2012;19(1):11-14Meng Q F,Hou G T.Geological controls on shale gas play and potential of shale gas resource in upper Yangtze region.Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2012;19(1):11-14
18孙海成,汤达祯.四川盆地南部构造页岩气储层压裂改造技术.吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2011;41(增刊1):34-68Sun H C,Tang D Z.Shale gas formation fracture stimulation in the south sichuan basin.Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2011;41(S1):34-68
19黄军平,张智盛,杨占龙,等.致密岩石矿物组分含量及脆性指数多元回归定量预测.新疆石油地质,2016;37(3):346-351Huang J P,Zhang Z S,Yang Z L,et al.Quantitative prediction of mineral component content and nrittleness index in tight rocks based on multivariate regression analysis.Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2016;37(3):346-351
20 Jaeger J C,Cook N G W.Fundamentals of rock mechanics.3rd ed.London:Chapman&Hall,1979
21 Rodionov V N,Sizov I A.Model of a rigid body with dissipasive structure for geomechanics.Journal of Mining Science,1989;25(6):491-501
22 Holta R M,Brignolib M,Kenter C J.Core quality:quantication of coring-induced rock alteration.International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2000;68(6):889-907
23 Dyke C G.In situ stress indicators for rock at great depth.London:University of London,1988
24 Dyke C G.Core disking:its potential as an indicator of principal insitu stress directions.ISRM International Symposium.Salzburg:International Society for Rock Mechanics,1989:1057-1064
2 Hast N.Tectonic,deformation and failure problems of deep rock mass.Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1958;25(3):448-455
3 Jaeger J C,Cook N G W.Pinching off and discing of rocks.Journal of Geophysical Research,1963;68(6):1759-1765
4 Obert L,Stephenson D E.Stress conditions under which core discing occurs.Transaction of Society of Mining Engineering of American Institute of Mining Engineering,1965;232(3):227-235
5 Durelli A J,Obert L,Parks V J.Stress required to initiate core discing.Transaction SME,1968;241(3):269-276
6侯发亮,贾愚如.岩芯饼化的应力分析.岩土工程学报,1984;6(5):48-58Hou F L,Jia Y R.Stress analysis on disced rock cores.Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1984;6(5):48-58
7尚岳全,孙琪.天荒坪电站岩芯饼化机制分析.地质灾害与环境保护,1991;2(2):49-57Shang Y Q,Sun Q.Tianhuangping power station core cake mechanism analysis.Geological Hazards and Environment Preservation,1991;2(2):49-57
8阮小平,李方全.茅坪800 m钻孔饼状岩芯分析.地震学报,1994;16(2):190-194Ruan X P,Li F Q.Maoping 800 m drilling pie core analysis.Acta Seismologica Ainica,1994;16(2):190-194
9陶振宇.对“岩芯饼化的应力分析”一文的讨论.岩土工程学报,1986;8(2):107-108Tao Z Y.The discus of stress analysis on disced rock cores.Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1986;8(2):107-108
10姚宝魁.二滩坝址岩心裂饼现象及其断裂破坏机制.地质科学,1986;3:301-310Yao B K.Discing phenomenon of the drillhole core at Er Tan Dam site and analysis of its fracture mechanism.Scientia Geologica Sinica,1986;3:301-310
11严鹏,卢文波,陈明,等.高应力取芯卸荷损伤及其对岩石强度的影响.岩石力学与工程学报,2013;32(4):681-688Yan P,Lu W B,Chen M,et al.Coring-induced unloading damage to rock samples under high stress condition and its impact on rock strength.Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2013;32(4):681-688
12李占海,李绍军,冯夏庭,等.深部岩体岩芯饼化特征分析与形成机制研究.岩石力学与工程学报,2011;30(11):2254-2266Li Z H,Li S J,Feng X T,et al.Characteristics and formation mechanism of core discing in deep rock mass.Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011;30(11):2254-2266
13姜谙男,曾正文,唐春安.岩芯成饼单元安全度三维数值试验及地应力反馈分析.岩石力学与工程学报,2010;29(8):1610-1617Jiang A N,Zeng Z W,Tang C A.Three-dimensional numerical test of element safety degree of rock core discing and feed-back analysis of geostresses.Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2010;29(8):1610-1617
14张宏伟,荣海,韩军,等.基于应力及能量条件的岩芯饼化机理研究.应用力学学报,2014;31(4):512-517Zhang H W,Rong H,Han J,et al.Study on rock core discing mechanism based on stress and energy principle.Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics,2014;31(4):512-517
15李彦恒,谭可可,冯利.基于岩饼几何形态测量的原地应力测定方法.新疆石油地质,2012;33(2):224-228Li Y H,Tan K K,Feng L.Estimation of in situ geostress states from measuring shape of disked core.Rock and Soil Mechanics,2012;33(2):224-228
16 Buller D,Hughes S,Market J,et al.Petrophysical evaluation for enhancing hydraulic stimulation in horizontal shale gas wells.SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition.Richardson:Society of Petroleum Engineers,2010:13-34
17孟庆峰,侯贵廷.页岩气成藏地质条件及中国上扬子区页岩气潜力.油气地质及采收率,2012;19(1):11-14Meng Q F,Hou G T.Geological controls on shale gas play and potential of shale gas resource in upper Yangtze region.Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2012;19(1):11-14
18孙海成,汤达祯.四川盆地南部构造页岩气储层压裂改造技术.吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2011;41(增刊1):34-68Sun H C,Tang D Z.Shale gas formation fracture stimulation in the south sichuan basin.Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2011;41(S1):34-68
19黄军平,张智盛,杨占龙,等.致密岩石矿物组分含量及脆性指数多元回归定量预测.新疆石油地质,2016;37(3):346-351Huang J P,Zhang Z S,Yang Z L,et al.Quantitative prediction of mineral component content and nrittleness index in tight rocks based on multivariate regression analysis.Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2016;37(3):346-351
20 Jaeger J C,Cook N G W.Fundamentals of rock mechanics.3rd ed.London:Chapman&Hall,1979
21 Rodionov V N,Sizov I A.Model of a rigid body with dissipasive structure for geomechanics.Journal of Mining Science,1989;25(6):491-501
22 Holta R M,Brignolib M,Kenter C J.Core quality:quantication of coring-induced rock alteration.International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2000;68(6):889-907
23 Dyke C G.In situ stress indicators for rock at great depth.London:University of London,1988
24 Dyke C G.Core disking:its potential as an indicator of principal insitu stress directions.ISRM International Symposium.Salzburg:International Society for Rock Mechanics,1989:1057-1064