流体包裹体方法在页岩气研究中的应用
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摘要
自美国页岩气革命以来,中国油气勘探开发对页岩气的研究日渐重视,大量研究对中国陆域页岩气地质资源进行了评价和优选,但对页岩气的生成机理、富集机理、成藏时间和后期破坏等方面的认识仍十分有限。文章通过对比已有对页岩气储层中的流体包裹体的研究,总结流体包裹体在页岩气储层的应用方法、现状与发展趋势。目前对于页岩气储层的包裹体研究,主要使用显微测温方法,对流体包裹体的均一温度、盐度进行研究;结合激光拉曼光谱测试分析包裹体成分,进而模拟恢复其古压力条件,从而反映出页岩气的生成机理、成藏温压条件等。总体而言,中国目前对页岩气生烃机制和保存机制以及储层特殊性的重视程度仍然不够,流体包裹体研究有望成为解决这些问题的利器,需要对其开展更多的工作。
Since the US shale gas exploration breakthrough,more intention has been paid to shale gas exploration in China with a large number of research projects focusing on the potential evaluation and optimized target of continental shale gas in China. Even so,some key scientific issues on shale gas( i.e.,generation mechanism,enrichment mechanism,accumulation time and deformation in later period)remain unclear. Herein,we carry out a systematic review about the application of fluid inclusion methodology,as well as its progress and prospective. Micropetrographic observation,cooling-heating stage micro-thermometry and Laser Raman are usually used to constrain the T( temperature)-X( composition)-P( pressure) of fluids contributing to formation of shale gas,and the forming depth( paleo-depth) are also reconstructed for further exploration. Generally, more specific fluid inclusion studies on shale gas reservoir are needed for the current insufficient understanding.
Since the US shale gas exploration breakthrough,more intention has been paid to shale gas exploration in China with a large number of research projects focusing on the potential evaluation and optimized target of continental shale gas in China. Even so,some key scientific issues on shale gas( i.e.,generation mechanism,enrichment mechanism,accumulation time and deformation in later period)remain unclear. Herein,we carry out a systematic review about the application of fluid inclusion methodology,as well as its progress and prospective. Micropetrographic observation,cooling-heating stage micro-thermometry and Laser Raman are usually used to constrain the T( temperature)-X( composition)-P( pressure) of fluids contributing to formation of shale gas,and the forming depth( paleo-depth) are also reconstructed for further exploration. Generally, more specific fluid inclusion studies on shale gas reservoir are needed for the current insufficient understanding.
引文
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[15]张敏,欧光习,张枝焕,等.柴达木盆地东部石炭系页岩气储层流体地球化学特征[J].石油学报,2017,38(11):1244-1252.ZHANG Min,OU Guangxi,ZHANG Zhihuan,et al.Geochemical characteristics of fluid in Carboniferous shale gas reservoir of the eastern Qaidam Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2017,38(11):1244-1252.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[16]SIBSON R H.Crustal stress,faulting and fluid flow[M]//PARNELL J.Geofluids:Origin,Migration and Evolution of Fluids in Sedimentary Basins.Geological Society,London,Special Publications,1994,78:69-84.
[17]BONS P D,ELBURG M A,GOMEZ-RIVAS E.A review of the formation of tectonic veins and their microstructures[J].Journal of Structural Geology,2012,43:33-62.
[18]刘安,欧文佳,黄惠兰,等.湘鄂西地区奥陶系-志留系滑脱层古流体对页岩气保存的意义[J].天然气工业,2018,38(5):34-43.LIU An,OU Wenjia,HUANG Huilan,et al.Significance of paleo-fluid in the Ordovician-Silurian detachment zone to the preservation of shale gas in western Hunan-Hubei[J].Natural Gas Industry,2018,38(5):34-43.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[19]SEITZ J C,PASTERIS J D,CHOU I M.Raman spectroscopic characterization of gas mixtures.II.Quantitative composition and pressure determination of the CO2-CH4system[J].American Journal of Science,1996,296(6):577-600.
[20]THIEU V,SUBRAMANIAN S,COLGATE S O,et al.Highpressure optical cell for hydrate measurements using Raman spectroscopy[J].Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences,2010,912(1):983-992.
[21]DUAN Z H,M?LLER N,WEARE J H.An equation of state for the CH4-CO2-H2O system:I.Pure systems from 0 to 1000C and 0 to 8000 bar[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1992,56(7):2605-2617.
[22]DUAN Z H,MLLER N,WEARE J H.An equation of state for the CH4-CO2-H2O system:II.Mixtures from 50 to 1000 Cand 0 to 1000 bar[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1992,56(7):2619-2631.
[23]尚长健,邱林飞,黎琼,等.柴页1井中侏罗统页岩气储层的流体包裹体特征研究[J].东华理工大学学报(自然科学版),2016,39(2):178-183.SHANG Changjian,QIU Linfei,LI Qiong,et al.Characteristic of fluid inclusions in the middle Jurassic shale gas reservoir of well chaiye-1[J].Journal of East China Institute of Technology,2016,39(2):178-183.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[24]何廷鹏,栾进华,胡科,等.渝东北城口地区Y1井页岩有机地球化学特征及勘探前景[J].岩矿测试,2018,37(1):87-95.HE Tingpeng,LUAN Jinhua,HU Ke,et al.Organic geochemical characteristics of the shale from Y1 Well in Chengkou area of northeastern Chongqing and exploration prospects[J].Rock and Mineral Analysis,2018,37(1):87-95.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[25]李文,何生,张柏桥,等.焦石坝背斜西缘龙马溪组页岩复合脉体中流体包裹体的古温度及古压力特征[J].石油学报,2018,39(4):402-415.LI Wen,HE Sheng,ZHANG Baiqiao,et al.Characteristics of paleo-temperature and paleo-pressure of fluid inclusions in shale composite veins of Longmaxi Formation at the western margin of Jiaoshiba anticline[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2018,39(4):402-415.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[26]BORJIGIN T,SHEN B J,YU L J,et al.Mechanisms of shale gas generation and accumulation in the Ordovician WufengLongmaxi Formation,Sichuan Basin,SW China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2017,44(1):69-78.
[27]LüDERS V,PLESSEN B,DI PRIMIO R.Stable carbon isotopic ratios of CH4-CO2-bearing fluid inclusions in fracturefill mineralization from the Lower Saxony Basin(Germany)-a tool for tracing gas sources and maturity[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2012,30(1):174-183.
[28]GAO J,ZHANG J K,HE S,et al.Overpressure generation and evolution in Lower Paleozoic gas shales of the Jiaoshiba region,China:implications for shale gas accumulation[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2019,102:844-859.
[2]BUSTIN R M,BUSTIN A M M,CUI X,et al.Impact of shale properties on pore Structure and storage characteristics[C]//SPE Shale Gas Production Conference.Fort Worth,Texas,USA:Society of Petroleum Engineers,2008.
[3]范洪海,陈金勇,顾大钊,等.纳米比亚欢乐谷地区白岗岩型铀矿床流体包裹体特征及成矿作用[J].矿床地质,2015,34(1):189-199.FAN Honghai,CHEN Jinyong,GU Dazhao,et al.Fluid inclusions and metallogenesis of alaskite-type uranium deposits in Gaudeanmus area,Namibia[J].Mineral Deposits,2015,34(1):189-199.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[4]BEJAOUI J,BOUHLEL S,SELLAMI A,et al.Geology,mineralogy and fluid inclusion study of Oued Jebs Pb-Zn-Sr deposit;comparison with the Bou Grine deposit(diapirs zone,Tunisian atlas)[J].Arabian Journal of Geosciences,2014,7(6):2483-2497.
[5]陈衍景,倪培,范宏瑞,等.不同类型热液金矿系统的流体包裹体特征[J].岩石学报,2007,23(9):2085-2108.CHEN Yanjing,NI Pei,FAN Hongrui,et al.Diagnostic fluid inclusions of different types hydrothermal gold deposits[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2007,23(9):2085-2108.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[6]时保宏,张艳,张雷,等.鄂尔多斯盆地延长组长7致密储层流体包裹体特征与成藏期次[J].石油实验地质,2012,34(6):599-603.SHI Baohong,ZHANG Yan,ZHANG Lei,et al.Hydrocarbon accumulation dating by fluid inclusion characteristics in Chang7tight sandstone reservoirs of Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2012,34(6):599-603.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[7]斯尚华,赵靖舟,蒙启安,等.松辽盆地齐家地区高台子致密油层包裹体古流体压力特征及其地质意义[J].地质力学学报,2018,24(1):51-59.SI Shanghua,ZHAO Jingzhou,MENG Qi'an,et al.The fluid inclusion Paleo pressure characteristics and geological implications of Gaotaizi tight reservoir in Qijia area of Songliao basin[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2018,24(1):51-59.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[8]欧光习,李林强,孙玉梅.沉积盆地流体包裹体研究的理论与实践[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,2006,25(1):1-11.OU Guangxi,LI Linqiang,SUN Yumei.Theory and application of the fluid inclusion research on the sedimentary basins[J].Bulletin of Mineralogy,Petrology and Geochemistry,2006,25(1):1-11.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[9]田亚铭,施泽进,宋江海,等.宜川-旬邑地区长6~长8储层流体包裹体特征及意义[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,2011,30(1):80-87.TIAN Yaming,SHI Zejin,SONG Jianghai,et al.Fluid inclusion characteristics of Chang 6-Chang 8 reservoirs in the Triassic Yanchang formation of the Yichuan-Xunyi Area[J].Bulletin of Mineralogy,Petrology and Geochemistry,2011,30(1):80-87.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[10]GEORGE S C,VOLK H,AHMED M.Geochemical analysis techniques and geological applications of oil-bearing fluid inclusions,with some Australian case studies[J].Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,2007,57(1-2):119-138.
[11]高键,何生,易积正.焦石坝页岩气田中高密度甲烷包裹体的发现及其意义[J].石油与天然气地质,2015,36(3):472-480.GAO Jian,HE Sheng,YI Jizheng.Discovery of high density methane inclusions in Jiaoshiba shale gas field and its significance[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2015,36(3):472-480.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[12]何生,叶加仁,徐思煌,等.石油及天然气地质学[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,2010.HE Sheng,YE Jiaren,XU Sihuang,et al.Oil&gas geology[M].Wuhan:China University of Geosciences,2010.(in Chinese)
[13]张金川,金之钧,袁明生.页岩气成藏机理和分布[J].天然气工业,2004,24(7):15-18.ZHANG Jinchuan,JIN Zhijun,YUAN Mingsheng.Reservoiring mechanism of shale gas and its distribution[J].Natural Gas Industry,2004,24(7):15-18.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[14]张田,张建培,张绍亮,等.页岩气勘探现状与成藏机理[J].海洋地质前沿,2013,29(5):28-35.ZHANG Tian,ZHANG Jianpei,ZHANG Shaoliang,et al.State-of-art exploration for shale gas and mechanism of gas accumulation[J].Marine Geology Frontiers,2013,29(5):28-35.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[15]张敏,欧光习,张枝焕,等.柴达木盆地东部石炭系页岩气储层流体地球化学特征[J].石油学报,2017,38(11):1244-1252.ZHANG Min,OU Guangxi,ZHANG Zhihuan,et al.Geochemical characteristics of fluid in Carboniferous shale gas reservoir of the eastern Qaidam Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2017,38(11):1244-1252.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[16]SIBSON R H.Crustal stress,faulting and fluid flow[M]//PARNELL J.Geofluids:Origin,Migration and Evolution of Fluids in Sedimentary Basins.Geological Society,London,Special Publications,1994,78:69-84.
[17]BONS P D,ELBURG M A,GOMEZ-RIVAS E.A review of the formation of tectonic veins and their microstructures[J].Journal of Structural Geology,2012,43:33-62.
[18]刘安,欧文佳,黄惠兰,等.湘鄂西地区奥陶系-志留系滑脱层古流体对页岩气保存的意义[J].天然气工业,2018,38(5):34-43.LIU An,OU Wenjia,HUANG Huilan,et al.Significance of paleo-fluid in the Ordovician-Silurian detachment zone to the preservation of shale gas in western Hunan-Hubei[J].Natural Gas Industry,2018,38(5):34-43.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[19]SEITZ J C,PASTERIS J D,CHOU I M.Raman spectroscopic characterization of gas mixtures.II.Quantitative composition and pressure determination of the CO2-CH4system[J].American Journal of Science,1996,296(6):577-600.
[20]THIEU V,SUBRAMANIAN S,COLGATE S O,et al.Highpressure optical cell for hydrate measurements using Raman spectroscopy[J].Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences,2010,912(1):983-992.
[21]DUAN Z H,M?LLER N,WEARE J H.An equation of state for the CH4-CO2-H2O system:I.Pure systems from 0 to 1000C and 0 to 8000 bar[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1992,56(7):2605-2617.
[22]DUAN Z H,MLLER N,WEARE J H.An equation of state for the CH4-CO2-H2O system:II.Mixtures from 50 to 1000 Cand 0 to 1000 bar[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1992,56(7):2619-2631.
[23]尚长健,邱林飞,黎琼,等.柴页1井中侏罗统页岩气储层的流体包裹体特征研究[J].东华理工大学学报(自然科学版),2016,39(2):178-183.SHANG Changjian,QIU Linfei,LI Qiong,et al.Characteristic of fluid inclusions in the middle Jurassic shale gas reservoir of well chaiye-1[J].Journal of East China Institute of Technology,2016,39(2):178-183.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[24]何廷鹏,栾进华,胡科,等.渝东北城口地区Y1井页岩有机地球化学特征及勘探前景[J].岩矿测试,2018,37(1):87-95.HE Tingpeng,LUAN Jinhua,HU Ke,et al.Organic geochemical characteristics of the shale from Y1 Well in Chengkou area of northeastern Chongqing and exploration prospects[J].Rock and Mineral Analysis,2018,37(1):87-95.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[25]李文,何生,张柏桥,等.焦石坝背斜西缘龙马溪组页岩复合脉体中流体包裹体的古温度及古压力特征[J].石油学报,2018,39(4):402-415.LI Wen,HE Sheng,ZHANG Baiqiao,et al.Characteristics of paleo-temperature and paleo-pressure of fluid inclusions in shale composite veins of Longmaxi Formation at the western margin of Jiaoshiba anticline[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2018,39(4):402-415.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[26]BORJIGIN T,SHEN B J,YU L J,et al.Mechanisms of shale gas generation and accumulation in the Ordovician WufengLongmaxi Formation,Sichuan Basin,SW China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2017,44(1):69-78.
[27]LüDERS V,PLESSEN B,DI PRIMIO R.Stable carbon isotopic ratios of CH4-CO2-bearing fluid inclusions in fracturefill mineralization from the Lower Saxony Basin(Germany)-a tool for tracing gas sources and maturity[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2012,30(1):174-183.
[28]GAO J,ZHANG J K,HE S,et al.Overpressure generation and evolution in Lower Paleozoic gas shales of the Jiaoshiba region,China:implications for shale gas accumulation[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2019,102:844-859.
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