基于HYPERSIM的大规模电网电磁暂态实时仿真实现技术
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摘要
我国交直流大电网的持续发展对电力系统仿真提出了更高要求。接入实际直流控保装置的大规模电磁暂态实时仿真能够较准确的理解复杂电网的行为以及研究交直流相互影响特性。要实现?s级计算步长下,电磁暂态仿真规模达数千节点的交直流大电网模型实时运转,对解耦的合理性和仿真的实时性提出了严苛的要求,既是实现接入多套直流控保装置的前提条件,也是国际电力系统实时仿真领域共同面临的巨大挑战。基于HYPERSIM和超级计算机SGI,结合处理器计算能力,在长线路自然解耦的基础上,通过优化大电网解耦方法,合理拆分子任务模块,同时满足仿真精度和实时性要求。深入研究了HYPERSIM的自动任务映射参数,提出了综合优化自动任务映射参数的方法。最终实现了规模达到17746个单相节点的大规模交直流电网电磁暂态实时仿真,突破了扩大电网实时仿真规模的难题,进一步提升了交直流大电网仿真精度。基于HYPERSIM的大规模电网电磁暂态实时仿真技术的实现为未来大电网运行决策、规划校核、故障再现提供了新的技术手段。
Continuous development of Chinese AC/DC combined grid demands for better performance of power system simulation technology. To comprehend the behavior of the complicated grid and mechanism of interaction between AC and DC, a comparatively more accurate way is to simulate the large-scale network model by electromagnetic transient software in real-time with actual DC control and protection devices linked. It is known that the simulation time step should be small enough(microsecond level) so that physical DC controllers can be connected to achieve hybrid simulation.Nevertheless, to operate a grid model of thousands of buses with a time step of microsecond level demands for reasonable decoupling and strictly real-time. It is the precondition of digital-analog hybrid simulation, and a great challenge to all experts in the field of power system real-time simulation of the world also. Based on task mapping and parallel computing technology, power system real-time simulator HYPERSIM and supercomputer SGI are used in this paper to execute the hybrid simulation. Considering of the processor's computational capability, on account of naturally decoupling by long distributed parameter lines, this paper optimizes the method of large grid decoupling, splits a tremendous, sophisticated region grid model into distributed tasks reasonably. The automatic task mapping function in HYPERSIM is explored in depth. A synthetic method about multiple auto-assigned parameters optimization is proposed. The requirements of simulation:precision and real-time performance are met in the same time.Containing 17746 single phase buses, an electromagnetic transient network model can be operated in real-time eventually, which is a breakthrough on scale expanding of real-time simulation. The precision of AC/DC grid simulation makes a step further. The realization of massive grid model real-time operation gives a new technical means for operating, decision-making, planning and failure reproduction of future power grid.
Continuous development of Chinese AC/DC combined grid demands for better performance of power system simulation technology. To comprehend the behavior of the complicated grid and mechanism of interaction between AC and DC, a comparatively more accurate way is to simulate the large-scale network model by electromagnetic transient software in real-time with actual DC control and protection devices linked. It is known that the simulation time step should be small enough(microsecond level) so that physical DC controllers can be connected to achieve hybrid simulation.Nevertheless, to operate a grid model of thousands of buses with a time step of microsecond level demands for reasonable decoupling and strictly real-time. It is the precondition of digital-analog hybrid simulation, and a great challenge to all experts in the field of power system real-time simulation of the world also. Based on task mapping and parallel computing technology, power system real-time simulator HYPERSIM and supercomputer SGI are used in this paper to execute the hybrid simulation. Considering of the processor's computational capability, on account of naturally decoupling by long distributed parameter lines, this paper optimizes the method of large grid decoupling, splits a tremendous, sophisticated region grid model into distributed tasks reasonably. The automatic task mapping function in HYPERSIM is explored in depth. A synthetic method about multiple auto-assigned parameters optimization is proposed. The requirements of simulation:precision and real-time performance are met in the same time.Containing 17746 single phase buses, an electromagnetic transient network model can be operated in real-time eventually, which is a breakthrough on scale expanding of real-time simulation. The precision of AC/DC grid simulation makes a step further. The realization of massive grid model real-time operation gives a new technical means for operating, decision-making, planning and failure reproduction of future power grid.
引文
[1]刘振亚.全球能源互联网[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2015:312-313.
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[4]朱艺颖,王薇薇,吴娅妮,等.新一代特高压交直流电网仿真平台准确性验证系列报告(1):数模仿真系统准确性验证技术报告[R].北京:中国电力科学研究院有限公司,2017.
[5]朱艺颖.电力系统数模混合仿真技术及发展应用[J].电力建设,2015,36(12):42-47.Zhu Yiying.Development and application of power system digitalanalog hybrid simulation technology[J].Electric Power Construction,2015,36(12):42-47(in Chinese).
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[9]胡涛,朱艺颖,印永华,等.含多回物理直流仿真装置的大电网数模混合仿真建模及研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(7):68-75.Hu Tao,Zhu Yiying,Yin Yonghua,et al.Modeling and study of digital/analog hybrid simulation for bulk grid with multi-analog HVDC simulators[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(7):68-75(in Chinese).
[10]董鹏,朱艺颖,呙虎,等.特高压电网建设初期“三华”电网数模混合实时仿真试验研究[J].电网技术,2012,36(1):18-25.Dong Peng,Zhu Yiying,Guo Hu,et al.Digital-analog hybrid realtime simulation for primary stage of North China-Central China-East China UHV power grid[J].Power System Technology,2012,36(1):18-25(in Chinese).
[11]朱艺颖,于钊,李柏青,等.大规模交直流电网电磁暂态数模混合仿真平台构建及验证--(一)整体构架及大规模交直流电网仿真验证[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(15):164-170.Zhu Yiying,Yu Zhao,Li Baiqing,et al.Construction and validation of electromagnetic transient digital-analog hybrid simulation platform for large-scale AC/DC power grids--part one general configuration and simulation validation of large scale AC/DC power grid[J].Automation of Electric Power System,2018,42(15):164-170(in Chinese).
[12]Hydro-Québec’s research institute,Inc(IREQ).HYPERSIM reference guide manual[EB].2018.Http://www.hydroquebec.com.
[13]Paréi D,Turmeli G,Soumagne J C.Validation tests of the Hypersim digital real time simulator with a large AC-DC network[C]//International Conference on Power Systems Transients(IPST2003).New Orleans,USA,2003.
[14]张超,庄劲武,戚连锁,等.Hypersim在密集节点独立电力系统实时仿真中的应用[J].计算机仿真,2005,22(12):14-16,37.Zhang Chao,Zhang Jinwu,Qi Liansuo,et al.Application of Hypersim to real-time simulation of dense nodes absolute power systems[J].Computer Simulation,2005,22(12):14-16,37(in Chinese).
[15]Le-Huy P,Woodacre M,Guérette S,et al.Massively parallel real-time simulation of very-large-scale power system[C]//International Conference on Power Systems Transients(IPST 2017).Seoul,Korea,2017.
[16]张民.交直流系统电磁暂态模型研究及仿真验证[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2014:9-12.
[17]周俊,郭剑波,郭强,等.交直流大电网数模混合仿真系统的并行计算效率研究[J].电网技术,2011,35(6):34-38.Zhou Jun,Guo Jianbo,Guo Qiang,et al.Parallel computing efficiency of digital/analog hybrid simulation system for large-scale AC/DCpower grid[J].Power System Technology,2011,35(6):34-38(in Chinese).
[2]刘振亚.特高压交直流电网[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2013:107-108.
[3]刘振亚.中国电力与能源[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2012:152-153.
[4]朱艺颖,王薇薇,吴娅妮,等.新一代特高压交直流电网仿真平台准确性验证系列报告(1):数模仿真系统准确性验证技术报告[R].北京:中国电力科学研究院有限公司,2017.
[5]朱艺颖.电力系统数模混合仿真技术及发展应用[J].电力建设,2015,36(12):42-47.Zhu Yiying.Development and application of power system digitalanalog hybrid simulation technology[J].Electric Power Construction,2015,36(12):42-47(in Chinese).
[6]田芳,李亚楼,周孝信,等.电力系统全数字实时仿真装置[J].电网技术,2008,32(22):17-22.Tian Fang,Li Yalou,Zhou Xiaoxin,et al.Advanced digital power system simulator[J].Power System Technology,2008,32(22):17-22(in Chinese).
[7]郭琦.交直流混联电网运行控制实时仿真技术研究[J].南方电网技术,2017,11(3):59-64.Guo Qi.Research on real-time simulation technology of operation control of AC and DC hybrid power system[J].Southern Power System Technology,2017,11(3):59-64(in Chinese).
[8]周俊,郭剑波,朱艺颖,等.特高压交直流电网数模混合实时仿真系统[J].电力系统自动化设备,2011,31(9):18-22.Zhou Jun,Guo Jiabo,Zhu Yiying,et al.Digital-analog hybrid realtime simulation system of UHVDC and UHVAC power grid[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2011,31(9):18-22(in Chinese).
[9]胡涛,朱艺颖,印永华,等.含多回物理直流仿真装置的大电网数模混合仿真建模及研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(7):68-75.Hu Tao,Zhu Yiying,Yin Yonghua,et al.Modeling and study of digital/analog hybrid simulation for bulk grid with multi-analog HVDC simulators[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(7):68-75(in Chinese).
[10]董鹏,朱艺颖,呙虎,等.特高压电网建设初期“三华”电网数模混合实时仿真试验研究[J].电网技术,2012,36(1):18-25.Dong Peng,Zhu Yiying,Guo Hu,et al.Digital-analog hybrid realtime simulation for primary stage of North China-Central China-East China UHV power grid[J].Power System Technology,2012,36(1):18-25(in Chinese).
[11]朱艺颖,于钊,李柏青,等.大规模交直流电网电磁暂态数模混合仿真平台构建及验证--(一)整体构架及大规模交直流电网仿真验证[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(15):164-170.Zhu Yiying,Yu Zhao,Li Baiqing,et al.Construction and validation of electromagnetic transient digital-analog hybrid simulation platform for large-scale AC/DC power grids--part one general configuration and simulation validation of large scale AC/DC power grid[J].Automation of Electric Power System,2018,42(15):164-170(in Chinese).
[12]Hydro-Québec’s research institute,Inc(IREQ).HYPERSIM reference guide manual[EB].2018.Http://www.hydroquebec.com.
[13]Paréi D,Turmeli G,Soumagne J C.Validation tests of the Hypersim digital real time simulator with a large AC-DC network[C]//International Conference on Power Systems Transients(IPST2003).New Orleans,USA,2003.
[14]张超,庄劲武,戚连锁,等.Hypersim在密集节点独立电力系统实时仿真中的应用[J].计算机仿真,2005,22(12):14-16,37.Zhang Chao,Zhang Jinwu,Qi Liansuo,et al.Application of Hypersim to real-time simulation of dense nodes absolute power systems[J].Computer Simulation,2005,22(12):14-16,37(in Chinese).
[15]Le-Huy P,Woodacre M,Guérette S,et al.Massively parallel real-time simulation of very-large-scale power system[C]//International Conference on Power Systems Transients(IPST 2017).Seoul,Korea,2017.
[16]张民.交直流系统电磁暂态模型研究及仿真验证[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2014:9-12.
[17]周俊,郭剑波,郭强,等.交直流大电网数模混合仿真系统的并行计算效率研究[J].电网技术,2011,35(6):34-38.Zhou Jun,Guo Jianbo,Guo Qiang,et al.Parallel computing efficiency of digital/analog hybrid simulation system for large-scale AC/DCpower grid[J].Power System Technology,2011,35(6):34-38(in Chinese).