面部肤色的定量分析与评价
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摘要
为了获得面部肤色的数据规律,以一定数量的在校大学生面部肤色为研究对象,使用便携式分光光度计进行面部肤色测量,测量结果用孟塞尔色彩体系表示,并通过频率直方图进行统计与分析.结果表明,孟塞尔色彩体系的数字化表达方式可以直观判断肤色的属性.肤色的色相为橙色或偏红的橙色,女生肤色比男生稍偏黄;肤色明度非常集中,为中等偏上,且女生的肤色明度稍高于男生,因此显得比男生稍"白";肤色彩度也非常集中,偏低,且女生的肤色彩度稍低于男生,因此显得比男生柔和雅致.根据本次测量的结果,女生中间肤色确定为4.60YR 6.00/3.90,男生中间肤色可确定为3.90YR 5.50/4.30,为化妆品的色彩设计、服装色彩设计以及人物形象设计提供参考.
To observe the rule of facial skin color,a certain number of college students were selected to do the measurement of their face color by portable spectrophotometer,and the data was shown by Munsell Color System and analyzed by histogram.The results indicate that the digital expression by Munsell Color System can reflect color attribute of skin color directly.The hue of skin color is orange or reddish orange,the girl's skin color is a little more yellowish than the boys';the value of skin color is very focused and above average,the value of girls is a little higher than boys',so girls usually look whiter than boys;the chroma of skin color is also focused,at the lower level,the chroma of girls was a little lower than boys,so girls usually look softer and more refined.According to the data,the girls' median skin color could be determined to be 4.60 YR 6.00/3.90,and the boys' 3.90 YR 5.50/4.30,which benefits the cosmetics color design,garment color design and figure design.
To observe the rule of facial skin color,a certain number of college students were selected to do the measurement of their face color by portable spectrophotometer,and the data was shown by Munsell Color System and analyzed by histogram.The results indicate that the digital expression by Munsell Color System can reflect color attribute of skin color directly.The hue of skin color is orange or reddish orange,the girl's skin color is a little more yellowish than the boys';the value of skin color is very focused and above average,the value of girls is a little higher than boys',so girls usually look whiter than boys;the chroma of skin color is also focused,at the lower level,the chroma of girls was a little lower than boys,so girls usually look softer and more refined.According to the data,the girls' median skin color could be determined to be 4.60 YR 6.00/3.90,and the boys' 3.90 YR 5.50/4.30,which benefits the cosmetics color design,garment color design and figure design.
引文
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[16]KIRITANI Y,KOMURO Y,OKAXZAKI S,et al.Assimilation effects of eye shadow on facial colors[J].Japanese Psychological Research,2017,59(4):288-300.
[17]YOSHIKAWA H,KIKUCHI K,YAGUCHI H,et al.Effect of chromatic components on facial skin whiteness[J].Color Research and Applications,2012,37(4):281-291.
[18]山田雅子.肌色の記憶色における特徴抽出--自己の肌色と男女の肌色イメーシの分析[J].埼玉女子短期大学研究紀要,2010,22(9):45-53.YAMADA M.Skin color image and preference:An analysis of individual skin tone image and gender[J].Bulletin of Saitama Women's Junior College,2010,22(9):45-53.
[19]山田雅子.肌色に基づく顔の性別認知と性差観--日本人若年女性の傾向[J].日本色彩学会誌,2011,35(2):101-112.YAMADA M.The effect of complexion on judging faces for gender and its relationship to traditional and non-traditional views on gender:An analysis of japanese young women of college age[J].Journal of the Color Science Association of Japan,2011,35(2):101-112.
[20]山田雅子.自己の肌の心的イメージにおける個人差--日本人若年女性の予丒実測間比較に基づく分析[J].日本色彩学会誌,2015,39(3):109-120.YAMADA M.lndividua l Variatio nisn visua Mental imagery of own complexion comparison between estimated and measured data on skin color among Japanese female college students[J].Journal of the Color Science Association of Japan,2015,39(3):109-120.
[2]IGARASHI T,NISHHINO K,NAYAR S K.The appearance of human skin:A survey[J].Foundations and Trends in Computer Graphics and Vision,2007,3(2):1-96.
[3]高松操,石上桂子,乾宏子,等.物理測色と肌印象視感評価から分かる肌の色特有の見え[J].日本色彩学会誌,2017,41(3):102-105.TAKAMATSU M,ISHIGAMI K,INUI H,et al.Unique perception of facial skin color based on a comparison between physical colorimetry and the evaluation of visual impression[J].Journal of the Color Science Association of Japan,2017,41(3):102-105.
[4]市场丈规,乾宏子.肌色の視感測色に見られる傾向への考察[J].日本色彩学会誌,2014,38(6):452-453.ICHIBA T,INUI H.Tendency of visual colorimetry for skin color[J].Journal of the Color Science Association of Japan,2014,38(6):452-453.
[5]菊地久美子,片桐千華,吉川拓伸,等.分光測色計による肌色計測と日本人女性の長期的な肌色の変遷[J].日本色彩学会誌,2016,40(6):195-205.KIKUCHI K,KATAGIRI C,YOSIKAWA H,et al.A correction method for skin reflectance obtained with different spectrophotometers and its application:Changes in the skin color of Japanese women for 25 years[J].Journal of the Color Science Association of Japan,2016,40(6):195-205.
[6]菊地久美子,片桐千華,溝上陽子,等.顔面における肌色分布の評価法とその応用-加齢変化,季節変化[J].日本色彩学会誌,2017,41(3):44-47.KIKUCHI K,KATAGIRI C,MIZOKAMI Y,et al.Development of a quantitative and visual evaluation method for skin color distribution and its application:Age-related changes,seasonal changes[J].Journal of the Color Science Association of Japan,2017,41(3):44-47.
[7]濱田一輝,溝上陽子,菊地久美子,等,相津佳永.肌画像における肌色の弁別特性[J].日本色彩学会誌,2018,42(2):50-58.HAMADA K,MIZORKAMI Y,KIKUCHI K,et al.Discrimination threshold of skin color in skin image[J].Journal of the Color Science Association of Japan,2018,42(2):50-58.
[8]XIAO K,YATES J M,ZARDAW F,et al.Characterizing the variations in ethnic skin colours:A new calibrated data base for human skin[J].Skin Research and Technology,2017,23(1):21-29.
[9]KIKUCHI K,MASUDA Y,HIRAO T.Imaging of hemoglobin oxgen saturation ratio in the face by spectral camera and its application to evaluate dark circles[J].Skin Research and Technology,2013,19(4):499-507.
[10]KIKUCHI K,MASUDA Y,YAMASHITA T,et al.Image analysis of skin color heterogeneity focusing on skin chromophores and the age-related changes in facial skin[J].Skin Research and Technology,2015,21(2):175-183.
[11]KIKUCHI K,MASUDA Y,YAMASHITA T,et al.A new quantitative evaluation method for age-related changes of individual pigmented spots in facial skin[J].Skin Research and Technology,2016,22(3):318-324.
[12]OHTSUKI R,TOMINAGA S,TANNO O.Multiple-reflection model of human skin and estimation of pigment concentrations[J].Optical Review,2012,19(4):254-263.
[13]NISHIDATE I,MAEDA T,NIIZEKI K,et al.Estimation of melanin and hemoglobin using spectral reflectance images reconstructed form a digital RGB image by the Wiener estimation method[J].Sensor,2013,13(6):7902-7915.
[14]TAN K W,STEPHEN I D.Colour detection thresholds in faces and colour patches[J].Perception,2013,42(7):733-741.
[15]KIRTANI Y,OKAZAKI S,MOTOYOSHI R,et al.Color illusion on complexion by lipsticks and its impression[J].The Japanese Journal of Psychonomic Science,2017,36(1):4-16.
[16]KIRITANI Y,KOMURO Y,OKAXZAKI S,et al.Assimilation effects of eye shadow on facial colors[J].Japanese Psychological Research,2017,59(4):288-300.
[17]YOSHIKAWA H,KIKUCHI K,YAGUCHI H,et al.Effect of chromatic components on facial skin whiteness[J].Color Research and Applications,2012,37(4):281-291.
[18]山田雅子.肌色の記憶色における特徴抽出--自己の肌色と男女の肌色イメーシの分析[J].埼玉女子短期大学研究紀要,2010,22(9):45-53.YAMADA M.Skin color image and preference:An analysis of individual skin tone image and gender[J].Bulletin of Saitama Women's Junior College,2010,22(9):45-53.
[19]山田雅子.肌色に基づく顔の性別認知と性差観--日本人若年女性の傾向[J].日本色彩学会誌,2011,35(2):101-112.YAMADA M.The effect of complexion on judging faces for gender and its relationship to traditional and non-traditional views on gender:An analysis of japanese young women of college age[J].Journal of the Color Science Association of Japan,2011,35(2):101-112.
[20]山田雅子.自己の肌の心的イメージにおける個人差--日本人若年女性の予丒実測間比較に基づく分析[J].日本色彩学会誌,2015,39(3):109-120.YAMADA M.lndividua l Variatio nisn visua Mental imagery of own complexion comparison between estimated and measured data on skin color among Japanese female college students[J].Journal of the Color Science Association of Japan,2015,39(3):109-120.