新型蠋蝽若虫液体人工饲料效果评价
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摘要
本研究通过以柞蚕蛹饲养蠋蝽若虫为对照组(CK),用一种以牛奶和鸡蛋为主要生物成分的新型蠋蝽若虫液体人工饲料饲养蠋蝽若虫为处理组(AD),对其发育历期、体重和产卵情况等生物学参数进行统计分析;同时,为测试AD高龄若虫捕食能力,在实验室条件下,测试AD的F1代(AD-F1)和F2代(AD-F2)的5龄若虫对粘虫2龄幼虫捕食功能反应。研究结果表明:AD-F1及AD-F2若虫发育历期均显著长于CK(25.09 d),其中AD-F2发育历期较AD-F1显著缩短(5 d),且AD-F2各龄期体重、成虫获得率和单次产卵量等生物学参数都较AD-F1有显著提升,数值向CK趋近;AD-F1、AD-F2和CK组蠋蝽5龄若虫对粘虫2龄幼虫的捕食功能反应均符合HollingⅡ型反应模型,AD-F2瞬间攻击率、最大捕食量等指标较AD-F1均有显著提升,其数值同样向CK趋近。本研究结果说明该液体人工饲料能满足蠋蝽若虫生长发育的基本营养要求,所饲养的蠋蝽若虫具有一定的捕食能力,可以用作田间释放应用。
In this study, a liquid artificial diet(AD) based on liquid milk and chicken egg was compared with pupae of Antheraea pernyi(Guerin-Meneville)(CK) for its effects on development time, weight, and fecundity of A. chinensis. Further, the predation functional response of F1 and F2 generation AD-and CK-fed A. chinensis 5 thinstars against the 2 nd instars of Mythimna separata(Walker) were tested. The nymphal development period of AD-F2 were significantly shorter(by 5 d) than that of AD-F1, while both were significantly longer than that of CK(25.09 d). Compared with AD-F1, AD-F2 showed higher weights at each instars, adult harvest rate, and per female fecundity. The predation of A. chinensis 5 th instars(CK, AD-F1 and AD-F2) against the M. separata 2 ndinstars approximately fitted with Holling Ⅱ type. The attacking rate and maximal consumption of AD-F2 were significantly higher relative to AD-F1. The performance of Ad-F2 was similar with that of CK. These results suggest that the liquid artificial diet can meet the nutritional need of A. chinensis nymph for growth and development, and A. chinensis reared on the liquid artificial diet have a potential for insect pests control in the field.
In this study, a liquid artificial diet(AD) based on liquid milk and chicken egg was compared with pupae of Antheraea pernyi(Guerin-Meneville)(CK) for its effects on development time, weight, and fecundity of A. chinensis. Further, the predation functional response of F1 and F2 generation AD-and CK-fed A. chinensis 5 thinstars against the 2 nd instars of Mythimna separata(Walker) were tested. The nymphal development period of AD-F2 were significantly shorter(by 5 d) than that of AD-F1, while both were significantly longer than that of CK(25.09 d). Compared with AD-F1, AD-F2 showed higher weights at each instars, adult harvest rate, and per female fecundity. The predation of A. chinensis 5 th instars(CK, AD-F1 and AD-F2) against the M. separata 2 ndinstars approximately fitted with Holling Ⅱ type. The attacking rate and maximal consumption of AD-F2 were significantly higher relative to AD-F1. The performance of Ad-F2 was similar with that of CK. These results suggest that the liquid artificial diet can meet the nutritional need of A. chinensis nymph for growth and development, and A. chinensis reared on the liquid artificial diet have a potential for insect pests control in the field.
引文
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[8]李娇娇,张长华,易忠经,等.三种猎物对蠋蝽生长发育及繁殖的影响[J].中国生物防治学报,2016,32(5):553-561.
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[15]刘文静,张安盛,门兴元,等.两种猎物饲养对东亚小花蝽捕食作用的影响[J].中国生物防治学报,2011,27(3):302-307.
[16]张士昶,周兴苗,潘悦,等.南方小花蝽液体人工饲料的饲养效果评价[J].昆虫学报,2008,51(9):997-1001.
[17]Zou D Y,Wu H H,Coudron T A,et al.A meridic diet for continuous rearing of Arma chinensis(Hemiptera:Pentatomidae:Asopinae)[J].Biological Control,2013,67(3):491-497.
[18]张健,周毓麟,孙守慧.利用人工饲料连代饲养蠋蝽若虫效果评价[J].中国森林病虫,2017,36(4):37-40.
[19]李兴鹏,宋丽文,张宏浩,等.蠋蝽抗寒性对快速冷驯化的响应及其生理机制[J].应用生态学报,2012,23(3):791-797.
[20]潘明真,张海平,张长华,等.饲养密度和性比对蠋蝽存活和繁殖生物学特性的影响[J].中国生物防治学报,2018,34(1):52-58.
[21]郭义,王曼姿,张长华,等.几种糖类物质对蠋蝽取食行为选择和繁殖力的影响[J].中国生物防治学报,2017,33(3):331-337.
[22]郑志英,陈瑜伟,温宇光.利用蠋蝽防治几种林业害虫的试验[J].中国生物防治学报,1992,8(4):155-156.
[23]高卓,张李香,王贵强.保护利用蠋蝽防治甜菜害虫[J].中国糖料,2009(1):70-72.
[24]张晓军,张健,孙守慧.蠋蝽对榆紫叶甲的捕食作用[J].中国森林病虫,2016,35(1):13-15.
[25]邹德玉.取食无昆虫成分人工饲料蠋蝽的转录组研究及饲养成本分析[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2013.
[26]李兴鹏,宋丽文,陈越渠.不同脂肪源人工饲料对蠋蝽生长发育及生殖力的影响[J].林业科学,2018,54(6):85-93.
[27]Vivan L M,Torres J B,Veiga A F S L.Development and reproduction of a predatory stinkbug,Podisus nigrispinus,in relation to two different prey types and environmental conditions[J].Biological Control,2003,48(2):155-168.
[28]于飞,曾鑫年,张帅,等.取食量对昆虫生长发育影响的研究[J].广东农业科学,2004(1):42-44.
[2]柴希民,何志华,蒋平,等.浙江省马尾松毛虫天敌研究[J].浙江林业科技,2000,20(4):1-56.
[3]Zou D Y,Wang M Q,Zhang L S,et al.Taxonomic and bionomic notes on Arma chinensis(Fallou)(Hemiptera:Pentatomidae:Asopinae)[J].Zootaxa,2012,3328:41-52.
[4]Rider D A,Zheng L Y.Checklist and nomenclatural notes on the Chinese Pentatomidae(Heteroptera)I,Asopinae[J].Entomotaxonomia,2002,107(1):90-98.
[5]邹德玉,徐维红,刘伯明,等.天敌昆虫蠋蝽的研究进展与展望[J].环境昆虫学报,2016,38(4):857-865.
[6]徐崇华,严静君,姚德富.温度与蠋蝽(Arma chinensis Fallou)发育的关系[J].林业科学,1984,20(1):96-99.
[7]宋丽文,陶万强,关玲,等.不同宿主植物和饲养密度对蠋蝽生长发育和生殖能力的影响[J].林业科学,2010,46(3):105-110.
[8]李娇娇,张长华,易忠经,等.三种猎物对蠋蝽生长发育及繁殖的影响[J].中国生物防治学报,2016,32(5):553-561.
[9]赵双.黑龙江省柞蚕产业发展问题及对策研究[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2013.
[10]路子云,冉红凡,刘文旭,等.粘虫室内饲养方法的改进[J].河北农业科学,2014,18(6):57-61.
[11]余洋,王高平.粘虫的实验室饲养方法研究[J].河南农业,2011(11):45-46.
[12]Cohen A C.Simple method for rearing the insect predator Geocoris punctipes(Heteroptera:Lygaeidac)on a meat deit[J].Journal of Economic Entomology,1985,78(5):1173-1175.
[13]De Clereq P,Degheele D.A meat-based diet for rearing the predatory stinkbugs Podisus maculiventris and Podisus sagitta(Heteroptera:Pentatomidae)[J].Entomophaga,1992,37(1):149-157.
[14]杨淑斐,武予清,段云,等.猎物种类对东亚小花蝽生长发育繁殖的影响[J].中国农业科学,2009,42(3):900-905.
[15]刘文静,张安盛,门兴元,等.两种猎物饲养对东亚小花蝽捕食作用的影响[J].中国生物防治学报,2011,27(3):302-307.
[16]张士昶,周兴苗,潘悦,等.南方小花蝽液体人工饲料的饲养效果评价[J].昆虫学报,2008,51(9):997-1001.
[17]Zou D Y,Wu H H,Coudron T A,et al.A meridic diet for continuous rearing of Arma chinensis(Hemiptera:Pentatomidae:Asopinae)[J].Biological Control,2013,67(3):491-497.
[18]张健,周毓麟,孙守慧.利用人工饲料连代饲养蠋蝽若虫效果评价[J].中国森林病虫,2017,36(4):37-40.
[19]李兴鹏,宋丽文,张宏浩,等.蠋蝽抗寒性对快速冷驯化的响应及其生理机制[J].应用生态学报,2012,23(3):791-797.
[20]潘明真,张海平,张长华,等.饲养密度和性比对蠋蝽存活和繁殖生物学特性的影响[J].中国生物防治学报,2018,34(1):52-58.
[21]郭义,王曼姿,张长华,等.几种糖类物质对蠋蝽取食行为选择和繁殖力的影响[J].中国生物防治学报,2017,33(3):331-337.
[22]郑志英,陈瑜伟,温宇光.利用蠋蝽防治几种林业害虫的试验[J].中国生物防治学报,1992,8(4):155-156.
[23]高卓,张李香,王贵强.保护利用蠋蝽防治甜菜害虫[J].中国糖料,2009(1):70-72.
[24]张晓军,张健,孙守慧.蠋蝽对榆紫叶甲的捕食作用[J].中国森林病虫,2016,35(1):13-15.
[25]邹德玉.取食无昆虫成分人工饲料蠋蝽的转录组研究及饲养成本分析[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2013.
[26]李兴鹏,宋丽文,陈越渠.不同脂肪源人工饲料对蠋蝽生长发育及生殖力的影响[J].林业科学,2018,54(6):85-93.
[27]Vivan L M,Torres J B,Veiga A F S L.Development and reproduction of a predatory stinkbug,Podisus nigrispinus,in relation to two different prey types and environmental conditions[J].Biological Control,2003,48(2):155-168.
[28]于飞,曾鑫年,张帅,等.取食量对昆虫生长发育影响的研究[J].广东农业科学,2004(1):42-44.