含平面埋藏缺陷的精制加氢反应器安全评定分析
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摘要
为了对在用含缺陷压力容器进行安全评定,利用有限元仿真和通用失效评定判据,对含平面埋藏缺陷的压力容器进行合于使用评价。某航煤加氢精制反应器在定期检验过程中发现一处平面埋藏缺陷,通过有限元分析软件ANSYS对该反应器进行考虑保温层作用的整体结构的稳态热分析、反应器主体结构热应力和机械应力分析,确定常规评定所需要的设计工况一次应力和二次应力及其分量,结合在用含缺陷压力容器安全评定程序评定该缺陷。结果表明:采用提出的考虑保温层作用的结构热稳态、热应力和机械应力分析方法,能够较准确地确定设备的应力状态,尤其是缺陷部位的局部应力水平;就所论反应器待评估缺陷而言,其由断裂比值和载荷比值所构成的评定点位于通用失效评定图的安全区内,经过评定可知该缺陷是安全的。
The finite element simulation method and general failure assessment criterion were applied to evaluate the pressure vessels containing planar defects. A burial plane defect was discovered in a certain kerosene hydrofining reactor during the periodic inspection process. A steady state thermal analysis and a mechanical stress analysis of the main structure of the reactor were made based on ANSYS. Primary stress and secondary stress with their components under design condition and hydraulic test condition were determined for the routine evaluation,the assessment was carried out following the procedures for pressure vessels containing defects. Result shows that the stress state of the equipment,especially the local stress level of the defective area can be obtain more accurately by using the stress analysis method given in this paper,and that the evaluation point formed by the fracture ratio and the ratio of the load is located in the safety area of general safety assessment chart,which means that the defect is a safe one.
The finite element simulation method and general failure assessment criterion were applied to evaluate the pressure vessels containing planar defects. A burial plane defect was discovered in a certain kerosene hydrofining reactor during the periodic inspection process. A steady state thermal analysis and a mechanical stress analysis of the main structure of the reactor were made based on ANSYS. Primary stress and secondary stress with their components under design condition and hydraulic test condition were determined for the routine evaluation,the assessment was carried out following the procedures for pressure vessels containing defects. Result shows that the stress state of the equipment,especially the local stress level of the defective area can be obtain more accurately by using the stress analysis method given in this paper,and that the evaluation point formed by the fracture ratio and the ratio of the load is located in the safety area of general safety assessment chart,which means that the defect is a safe one.
引文
[1]陈晓玲,李多民,段滋华.加氢反应器的发展现状[J].化工装备技术,2009,30(1):28-31.CHEN Xiaoling,LI Duomin,DUAN Zihua. Development status of hydrogenation reactor[J]. Chemical Equipment Technology,2009,30(1):28-31.
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[6]杨长明.加氢反应器参数化设计与有限元分析系统的研究[D].南京:南京航空航天大学,2010.YANG Changming. Research on parametric design and finite element analysis system of hydrogenation reactor[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Aeronautics&Astronautics,2010.
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[12]谢宏,董媛媛.安全生产水平预测与评价的系统动力学模型[J].中国安全科学学报,2016,26(9):35-39.XIE Hong,DONG Yuanyuan. System dynamics model for prediction and evaluation of safety production level[J]. China Safety Science Journal,2016,26(9):35-39.
[13]涂家彬.含缺陷厚壁压力容器J积分计算方法及失效评定曲线方法研究[D].南京:华东理工大学,2012.TU Jiabin. J-integral calculation method and failure assessment curve method study of defected thick wall pressure vessel[D].Nanjing:East China University of Science and Technology,2012.
[14]帅健,辛艳霞.基于失效评定图的油气管线可靠性分析[J].天然气工业,2002,22(2):83-86.SHUAI Jian,XIN Yanxia. Reliability analysis of oil and gas pipeline based on failure assessment diagram[J]. Natural Gas Industry,2002,22(2):83-86.
[15]张宇栋,卿黎,牛犇.锅炉压力容器焊接安全评估概率统计模型研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2014,24(10):107-112.ZHANG Yudong,QING Li,NIU Ben. Study on probability and statistics model for safety assessment of boiler and pressure vessel welding[J].China Safety Science Journal,2014,24(10):107-112.
[16]张广利,赵新伟,罗金恒,等.基于不同评价准则的含腐蚀缺陷管道概率评价方法研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2012,22(9):57-62.ZHANG Guangli,ZHAO Xinwei,LUO Jinheng,et al. Research on probability evaluation method of corrosion defect pipeline based on different evaluation criteria[J]. China Safety Science Journal,2012,22(9):57-62.
[2]史晓红.热壁加氢反应器设计和使用的几点探讨[J].机械,2007,34(9):23-20.SHI Xiaohong. Discussion on design and application of hot wall hydrogenation reactor[J]. Machinery,2007,34(9):23-20.
[3]杨玉国. TOFD超声成像检测技术在厚壁加氢反应器检验中的应用[J].石油化工设备,2010,39(3):82-85.YANG Yuguo. Application of TOFD ultrasonic imaging technique in inspection of thick wall hydrogenation reactor[J].Petrochemical Equipment,2010,39(3):82-85.
[4]高远,樊运晓,王一帆,等.基于系统思考的我国特种设备监管压力缓解研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2016,26(12):128-133.GAO Yuan,FAN Yunxiao,WANG Yifan,et al. Research on pressure relief of special equipment supervision in China based on systematic thinking[J]. China Safety Science Journal,2016,26(12):128-133.
[5]赖永泉.基于合于使用原则的压力容器安全评定技术[J].中国特种设备安全,2014,30(11):21-25.LAI Yongquan. Safety assessment technology of pressure vessel based on principle of use[J]. China Special Equipment Safety,2014,30(11):21-25.
[6]杨长明.加氢反应器参数化设计与有限元分析系统的研究[D].南京:南京航空航天大学,2010.YANG Changming. Research on parametric design and finite element analysis system of hydrogenation reactor[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Aeronautics&Astronautics,2010.
[7]陈沛,查小琴,高灵清.含缺陷压力容器的安全评定方法[J].物理测试,2014,32(1):55-60.CHEN Pei,ZHA Xiaoqin,GAO Lingqing. Safety assessment methods for pressure vessels containing defects[J]. Physics Examination and Testing,2014,32(1):55-60.
[8]柳军,黄陈,陈绍伟,等.基于压力容器缺陷量化的综合安全评价方法[J].机械强度,2015,37(4):706-711.LIU Jun,HUANG Chen,CHEN Shaowei,et al. Comprehensive safety assessment method based on quantification of pressure vessel defects[J]. Mechanical Strength,2015,37(4):706-711.
[9] JB4732—1995,钢制压力容器—分析设计标准[S].JB4732-1995,Steel pressure vessels-analysis and design standards[S].
[10] GB/T19624—2004,在用含缺陷压力容器安全评定[S].GB/T19624-2004,Safety assessment of pressure vessels with defects[S].
[11]龙伟,杜仕冲,余进.基于含缺陷在役压力容器的模糊评定[J].四川大学学报:工程科学版,2007,39(1):166-170.LONG Wei,DU Shichong,YU Jin. Fuzzy evaluation of in-service pressure vessel based on containing defects[J]. Journal of Sichuan University:Engineering Science,2007,39(1):166-170.
[12]谢宏,董媛媛.安全生产水平预测与评价的系统动力学模型[J].中国安全科学学报,2016,26(9):35-39.XIE Hong,DONG Yuanyuan. System dynamics model for prediction and evaluation of safety production level[J]. China Safety Science Journal,2016,26(9):35-39.
[13]涂家彬.含缺陷厚壁压力容器J积分计算方法及失效评定曲线方法研究[D].南京:华东理工大学,2012.TU Jiabin. J-integral calculation method and failure assessment curve method study of defected thick wall pressure vessel[D].Nanjing:East China University of Science and Technology,2012.
[14]帅健,辛艳霞.基于失效评定图的油气管线可靠性分析[J].天然气工业,2002,22(2):83-86.SHUAI Jian,XIN Yanxia. Reliability analysis of oil and gas pipeline based on failure assessment diagram[J]. Natural Gas Industry,2002,22(2):83-86.
[15]张宇栋,卿黎,牛犇.锅炉压力容器焊接安全评估概率统计模型研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2014,24(10):107-112.ZHANG Yudong,QING Li,NIU Ben. Study on probability and statistics model for safety assessment of boiler and pressure vessel welding[J].China Safety Science Journal,2014,24(10):107-112.
[16]张广利,赵新伟,罗金恒,等.基于不同评价准则的含腐蚀缺陷管道概率评价方法研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2012,22(9):57-62.ZHANG Guangli,ZHAO Xinwei,LUO Jinheng,et al. Research on probability evaluation method of corrosion defect pipeline based on different evaluation criteria[J]. China Safety Science Journal,2012,22(9):57-62.