风机偏航执行机构噪音剖析和预防
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摘要
国内外对风机偏航噪音源的发现和解决方案有很多,但缺少原因的实用性分析和预防.针对此问题,以固体摩擦的现代理论为基础,分析实际工程中遇到的摩擦面间不平行、润滑油或脂缺失、偏航阻尼过大或过小、齿轮副轮齿损坏等状态如何改变摩擦面间的黏性切向力和犁削力,进而剖析产生偏航噪音的根本性原因.提出了噪音预防措施,从调节螺栓的选取、导油槽的设计,到安装过程中危险缝隙的消除,再到维护事项,将噪音消灭在萌芽状态.从运行效果看,实施预防措施的风力发电机组没有发生偏航噪音故障.
At domestic and abroad, there were many discoveries and solutions for the yaw noise source of wind turbines, but there were few practical analysis and prevention measures. For the problem, based on the modern theory of solid friction, how to change the viscous tangential force and the plowing force by the factors such as the unparallel frictional surfaces, the lack of lubricating oil or grease, the value of yaw damping, and the damage of gear teeth in the engineering application. And then, the underlying causes of yaw noise are analyzed. The noise prevention measures are proposed, such as the selection of the adjusting bolts, the design of the oil guiding groove, the elimination of the dangerous gap during the installation process, and the maintenance matters. So the noise is eliminated in the bud. According to the operation effect, wind turbines of implementing preventive measures have not experienced yaw noise failure.
At domestic and abroad, there were many discoveries and solutions for the yaw noise source of wind turbines, but there were few practical analysis and prevention measures. For the problem, based on the modern theory of solid friction, how to change the viscous tangential force and the plowing force by the factors such as the unparallel frictional surfaces, the lack of lubricating oil or grease, the value of yaw damping, and the damage of gear teeth in the engineering application. And then, the underlying causes of yaw noise are analyzed. The noise prevention measures are proposed, such as the selection of the adjusting bolts, the design of the oil guiding groove, the elimination of the dangerous gap during the installation process, and the maintenance matters. So the noise is eliminated in the bud. According to the operation effect, wind turbines of implementing preventive measures have not experienced yaw noise failure.
引文
1李晓光,赵萍.兆瓦级风机偏航系统低速抖动运动学特性.中南大学学报:自然科学, 2013, 1:89–94
2 廖明夫,黄巍,董礼,等.风力机偏航引起的失稳振动.太阳能学报, 2009, 4:488–492
3 Behrendt J, Weiss C, Hoffmann N P. A numerical study on stick-slip motion of a brake pad in steady sliding. J Sound Vib, 2011, 330:636–651
4 姚兴佳,宋俊.风力发电机组原理与应用.第2版.北京:机械工业出版社, 2011. 135, 275
5 机械设计手册编委会.机械设计手册第5卷.第3版.北京:机械工业出版社, 2004. 29-3
6 宁文钢,姜宏伟,王岳峰.风力发电机组偏航系统常见故障分析.机械管理开发:机械分析与设计, 2018, 187:67–68
7 刘玉成.某MW级风力发电机组偏航系统震动噪声问题研究.科技传播, 2013, 4:74, 76
1)漂移:为稳定运行和避免卡齿,偏航齿圈外齿和偏航驱动器输出小齿之间的装配间隙有固定的设计范围值,偏航齿圈内环摩擦面与下滑块上的侧摩擦带之间的装配间隙也有固定的设计范围值.在运行时,由于两种装配间隙的存在,机舱会径向错动,这种错动现象称为漂移.这种漂移跟风向有关会自我恢复.在整机设计时两处间隙另有运行设计值,只要不超出运行设计值,可看作正常状态.
2)梁宪峰. WT1650风电机组偏航系统震动问题分析(DB/OL). http://www.doc88.com/p-1337566978131.html, 2009, 9–10.
3)爬行现象:机械学中的爬行现象,在滑动摩擦副中从动件在匀速驱动和一定摩擦条件下产生的周期性时停时走或时慢时快的运动现象.爬行是机械振动中自激振动的一种形式.
2 廖明夫,黄巍,董礼,等.风力机偏航引起的失稳振动.太阳能学报, 2009, 4:488–492
3 Behrendt J, Weiss C, Hoffmann N P. A numerical study on stick-slip motion of a brake pad in steady sliding. J Sound Vib, 2011, 330:636–651
4 姚兴佳,宋俊.风力发电机组原理与应用.第2版.北京:机械工业出版社, 2011. 135, 275
5 机械设计手册编委会.机械设计手册第5卷.第3版.北京:机械工业出版社, 2004. 29-3
6 宁文钢,姜宏伟,王岳峰.风力发电机组偏航系统常见故障分析.机械管理开发:机械分析与设计, 2018, 187:67–68
7 刘玉成.某MW级风力发电机组偏航系统震动噪声问题研究.科技传播, 2013, 4:74, 76
1)漂移:为稳定运行和避免卡齿,偏航齿圈外齿和偏航驱动器输出小齿之间的装配间隙有固定的设计范围值,偏航齿圈内环摩擦面与下滑块上的侧摩擦带之间的装配间隙也有固定的设计范围值.在运行时,由于两种装配间隙的存在,机舱会径向错动,这种错动现象称为漂移.这种漂移跟风向有关会自我恢复.在整机设计时两处间隙另有运行设计值,只要不超出运行设计值,可看作正常状态.
2)梁宪峰. WT1650风电机组偏航系统震动问题分析(DB/OL). http://www.doc88.com/p-1337566978131.html, 2009, 9–10.
3)爬行现象:机械学中的爬行现象,在滑动摩擦副中从动件在匀速驱动和一定摩擦条件下产生的周期性时停时走或时慢时快的运动现象.爬行是机械振动中自激振动的一种形式.
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