水稻黄单胞菌2个致病变种的表型和趋化性比较研究
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摘要
水稻白叶枯病菌和水稻条斑病菌是水稻黄单胞菌Xanthomonas oryzae种下的2个致病变种,其侵染水稻的途径、定殖部位和引起的症状明显不同。本文采用平板法和毛细管法分别对2个病菌的基本表型和趋化性进行比较分析,并采用剪叶接种法和压渗接种法,检测了它们在水稻日本晴Oryza sativa L.japonica品种上的致病性。结果表明,2个病菌在部分检测指标上保持一致,均能形成隆起的黄色菌落,能合成相当数量的胞外多糖和胞外淀粉酶,对蔗糖、多种氨基酸、水稻提取物的趋化反应一致。然而,两菌在胞外蛋白酶和纤维素酶分泌、运动性,以及对葡萄糖、木糖、果糖、柠檬酸、多种植物激素趋性方面存在明显差异。
Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae and Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzicola are two pathovars of Xanthomonas oryzae.They have distinct differences in invasion paths,colonization niches in host plant,and disease symptoms.In this paper,the basic phenotype and chemotaxis of the two kinds of bacteria were analyzed by plate method and capillary method respectively,and the pathogenicity on the rice Oryza sativa L.japonicacultivar Nipponbare was tested by using the method of leaf-cutting inoculation and pressure infiltration inoculation.The results showed that the two kinds of bacteria were consistent in some indexes tested.They could form the yellow colony,and synthesize a considerable amount of extracellular polysaccharide and extracellular amylase.They also share similar chemotactic reactions to sucrose,amino acids and rice extracts.However,there are significant differences between the two bacteria in secreting extracellular protease and cellulase,and the chemotactic responses to glucose,xylose,fructose,citric acid,and many kinds of plant hormones.
Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae and Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzicola are two pathovars of Xanthomonas oryzae.They have distinct differences in invasion paths,colonization niches in host plant,and disease symptoms.In this paper,the basic phenotype and chemotaxis of the two kinds of bacteria were analyzed by plate method and capillary method respectively,and the pathogenicity on the rice Oryza sativa L.japonicacultivar Nipponbare was tested by using the method of leaf-cutting inoculation and pressure infiltration inoculation.The results showed that the two kinds of bacteria were consistent in some indexes tested.They could form the yellow colony,and synthesize a considerable amount of extracellular polysaccharide and extracellular amylase.They also share similar chemotactic reactions to sucrose,amino acids and rice extracts.However,there are significant differences between the two bacteria in secreting extracellular protease and cellulase,and the chemotactic responses to glucose,xylose,fructose,citric acid,and many kinds of plant hormones.
引文
[1]NINO-LIU D O,RONALD P C,BOGDANOVE A J.Xanthomonas oryzae pathovars:model pathogens of a model crop[J].Molecular Plant Pathology,2006,7(5):303-324.
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[3]肖永胜,韦雪雪,郜惠苹,等.一株水稻细菌性条斑病菌的鉴定与遗传操作系统的建立[J].基因组学与应用生物学,2011,30(1):1210-1216.
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[15]HU J,QIAN W,HE C.The Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae eglXoBendoglucanase gene is required for virulence to rice[J].FEMS Microbiology Letters,2010,269(2):273-279.
[16]ZOU H S,SONG X,ZOU L F,et al.EcpA,an extracellular protease,is a specific virulence factor required by Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzicola but not by X.oryzae pv.oryzae in rice[J].Microbiology,2012,158(Pt 9):2372.
[17]FATIMA U,SENTHIL-KUMAR M.Plant and pathogen nutrient acquisition strategies[J].Frontiers in Plant Science,2015,6:750.
[18]SALZBERG S L,SOMMER D D,SCHATZ M C,et al.Genome sequence and rapid evolution of the rice pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae PXO99A[J].BMC Genomics,2008,9(1):534.
[19]BOGDANOVE A J,KOEBNIK R,LU H,et al.Two new complete genome sequences offer insight into host and tissue specificity of plant pathogenic Xanthomonas spp.[J].Journal of Bacteriology,2011,193(19):5450-5464.
[20]PFEILMEIER S,CALY D L,MALONE J G.Bacterial pathogenesis of plants:future challenges from a microbial perspective:challenges in bacterial molecular plant pathology[J].Molecular Plant Pathology,2016,17(8):1298-1313.
[2]方中达,任欣正,陈泰英,等.水稻白叶枯病及条斑病和李氏禾条斑病病原细菌的比较研究[J].植物病理学报,1957,3(2):99-122.
[3]肖永胜,韦雪雪,郜惠苹,等.一株水稻细菌性条斑病菌的鉴定与遗传操作系统的建立[J].基因组学与应用生物学,2011,30(1):1210-1216.
[4]RYAN R P,VORHLTER F,POTNIS N,et al.Pathogenomics of Xanthomonas:understanding bacterium-plant interactions[J].Nature Reviews Microbiology,2011,9(5):344-355.
[5]SCHARF B E,HYNES M F,ALEXANDRE G M.Chemotaxis signaling systems in model beneficial plant-bacteria associations[J].Plant Molecular Biology,2016,90(6):549-559.
[6]KOROLIK V.The role of chemotaxis during Campylobacter jejuni colonisation and pathogenesis[J].Current Opinion in Microbiology,2018,47(1):32-37.
[7]FRETER R,O’BRIEN P C.Role of chemotaxis in the association of motile bacteria with intestinal mucosa:chemotactic responses of Vibrio cholerae and description of motile nonchemotactic mutants[J].Infection and Immunity,1981,34(1):234.
[8]TANS-KERSTEN J,HUANG H,ALLEN C.Ralstonia solanacearumneeds motility for invasive virulence on tomato[J].Journal of Bacteriology,2001,183(12):3597-3605.
[9]MATILLA M A,KRELL T.The effect of bacterial chemotaxis on host infection and pathogenicity[J].FEMSMicrobiology Reviews,2017,42(1):1-25.
[10]ZHANG Z C,ZHAO M,XU L D,et al.Genome-wide screening for novel candidate virulence related response regulator genes in Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzicola[J].Frontiers in Microbiology,2018,9(1):1789.
[11]MAZUMDER R,PHELPS T J,KRIEG N R,et al.Determining chemotactic responses by two subsurface microaerophiles using a simplified capillary assay method[J].Journal of Microbiological Methods,1999,37(3):255-263.
[12]刘力铭,钱爱霞,鄢庆枇,等.哈维氏弧菌TS-628菌株趋化性研究[J].渔业科学进展,2010,31(6):104-109.
[13]GUDESBLAT G E,TORRES P S,VOJNOV A A.Stomata and pathogens:warfare at the gates[J].Plant Signaling and Behavior,2009,4(12):1114.
[14]HUGOUVIEUX V L,BARBER C E,DANIELS M J.Entry of Xanthomonas campestris pv.campestris into hydathodes of Arabidopsis thalianaleaves:a system for studying early infection events in bacterial pathogenesis[J].Molecular Plant Microbe Interaction,1998,11(6):537-543.
[15]HU J,QIAN W,HE C.The Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae eglXoBendoglucanase gene is required for virulence to rice[J].FEMS Microbiology Letters,2010,269(2):273-279.
[16]ZOU H S,SONG X,ZOU L F,et al.EcpA,an extracellular protease,is a specific virulence factor required by Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzicola but not by X.oryzae pv.oryzae in rice[J].Microbiology,2012,158(Pt 9):2372.
[17]FATIMA U,SENTHIL-KUMAR M.Plant and pathogen nutrient acquisition strategies[J].Frontiers in Plant Science,2015,6:750.
[18]SALZBERG S L,SOMMER D D,SCHATZ M C,et al.Genome sequence and rapid evolution of the rice pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae PXO99A[J].BMC Genomics,2008,9(1):534.
[19]BOGDANOVE A J,KOEBNIK R,LU H,et al.Two new complete genome sequences offer insight into host and tissue specificity of plant pathogenic Xanthomonas spp.[J].Journal of Bacteriology,2011,193(19):5450-5464.
[20]PFEILMEIER S,CALY D L,MALONE J G.Bacterial pathogenesis of plants:future challenges from a microbial perspective:challenges in bacterial molecular plant pathology[J].Molecular Plant Pathology,2016,17(8):1298-1313.