金沙江白格堰塞湖溃坝洪水演进高性能数值模拟
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摘要
为高效准确地计算堰塞湖溃坝洪水演进过程,采用基于GPU加速技术的二维水动力模型模拟了2018年金沙江"10·10"与"11·3"白格堰塞湖溃坝洪水演进过程,并将模拟流量过程结果与下游叶巴滩、苏洼龙的实测流量结果进行了对比。模拟结果表明:对于无高精度地形资料的山区,该二维水动力模型可以较好地模拟溃坝洪水演进过程。在计算效率方面,在462万网格的地形数据上模拟40 h洪水演进过程,两次模拟事件分别耗时61 min和74 min。可见该二维水动力模型在模拟洪水演进时非常高效,对洪水应急抢险事件可做到快速预测,为决策者提供有力的数据支撑。
In order to efficiently and accurately calculate the dam-break flood propagation process of barrier lakes, a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model based on GPU acceleration technology was used to simulate the dam-break flood propagation process of Baige barrier lake in Jinsha River formed on 10/10/2018 and 11/03/2018. The simulated results were compared with the measured hydrographs at gauge stations of Yebatan and Suwalong. The simulation results showed that for mountainous areas without high-accuracy topographic data, the two-dimensional hydrodynamic model can reliably simulate the process of dam-break flood propagation process. In terms of computation efficiency, when simulating the 40-hour flood routing process with the topographic data of 4.62 million grids, the two simulations take 61 minutes and 74 minutes, respectively. The model is very efficient in simulating flood propagation, and it can provide good data support for decision-makers in flood emergency rescue events.
In order to efficiently and accurately calculate the dam-break flood propagation process of barrier lakes, a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model based on GPU acceleration technology was used to simulate the dam-break flood propagation process of Baige barrier lake in Jinsha River formed on 10/10/2018 and 11/03/2018. The simulated results were compared with the measured hydrographs at gauge stations of Yebatan and Suwalong. The simulation results showed that for mountainous areas without high-accuracy topographic data, the two-dimensional hydrodynamic model can reliably simulate the process of dam-break flood propagation process. In terms of computation efficiency, when simulating the 40-hour flood routing process with the topographic data of 4.62 million grids, the two simulations take 61 minutes and 74 minutes, respectively. The model is very efficient in simulating flood propagation, and it can provide good data support for decision-makers in flood emergency rescue events.
引文
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[2] 周兴波,陈祖煜,李守义,等.高风险等级堰塞湖应急处置洪水重现期标准[J].水利学报,2015,46(4):405-413.
[3] Fread D L.DAMBRK:The NWS dam break flood forecasting model[R].National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,National Weather Service,Silver Spring,MD,1984.
[4] Singh V P,Scarlatos P D,Collins J G,et al.Breach erosion of earthfill dams (BEED) model[J].Natural Hazards,1988,1(2):161-180.
[5] Fread D L.BREACH:An erosion model for earthen dam failures[R].Silver Spring:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,National Weather Service,MD,1988.
[6] 张大伟,权锦,何晓燕,等.堰塞坝漫顶溃决试验及相关数学模型研究[J].水利学报,2012,43(8):979-986.
[7] 杨志,冯民权.溃口近区二维数值模拟与溃坝洪水演进耦合[J].水利水运工程学报,2015(1):8-19.
[8] 肖潇,麻林,庞爱磊.童家湖蓄滞洪区洪水演进数值模型研究[J].人民长江,2018,49(7):6-10.
[9] 王晓玲,张爱丽,陈华鸿,等.三维溃坝洪水在复杂淹没区域演进的数值模拟[J].水利学报,2012,43(9):1025-1033,1041.
[10] CHEN Z,MA L,YU S,et al.Back Analysis of the Draining Process of the Tangjiashan Barrier Lake[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2015,141(4):0501401101-0501401114.
[11] 周兴波,陈祖煜,黄跃飞,等.特高坝及梯级水库群设计安全标准研究Ⅲ:梯级土石坝连溃风险分析[J].水利学报,2015,46(7):765-772.
[12] WANG Lin,CHEN Zuyu,WANG Naixin,et al.Modeling lateral enlargement in dam breaches using slope stability analysis based on circular slip mode[J].Engneering Geology,2016(209):70-81.
[13] HOU J,LIANG Q,SIMONS F,et al.A stable 2D unstructured shallow flow model for simulations of wetting and drying over rough terrains[J].Computers & Fluids,2013,82(17):132-147.
[14] SMITH L S,LIANG Q.Towards a generalised GPU/CPU shallow-flow modelling tool[J].Computers & Fluids,2013,88(12):334-343.
[15] LIANG Q,MARCHE F.Numerical resolution of well-balanced shallow water equations with complex source terms[J].Advances in Water Resources,2009,32(6):873-884.
[16] HOU J,SIMONS F,MAHGOUB M,et al.A robust well-balanced model on unstructured grids for shallow water flows with wetting and drying over complex topography[J].Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering,2013,257(15):126-149.
[17] LIANG Q,XIA X,HOU J.Catchment-scale High-resolution Flash Flood Simulation Using the GPU-based Technology[J].Procedia Engineering,2016,154(6):975-981.
[18] SMITH L S,LIANG Q.Towards a generalised GPU/CPU shallow-flow modelling tool[J].Computers & Fluids,2013,88(12):334-343.
[19] 玛哈沙提·哈孜哈力,努尔夏西·曼斯尔.天然河道的糙率确定方法分析[J].能源与节能,2017,16(4):94-95.