20世纪90年代土耳其与以色列的准联盟关系探析
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摘要
20世纪90年代土以准联盟关系的基础是对抗和威慑叙利亚和伊朗。土以各自的战略需要和美国因素是两国建立准联盟关系的主要动力,而土耳其国内的伊斯兰认同和阿拉伯因素是两国准联盟关系难以上升为联盟关系的主要障碍。2010年,土耳其宣布中止与以色列的军事合作,两国准联盟终结。土以准联盟关系直接影响到的是双方各自应对安全威胁的能力,对地区安全的影响有限。
The Turco-Israel quasi-alliance, which was based on 1996 military agreement, aimed at confronting and deterring Syria and Iran. The relation was driven by the strategic needs of both parties and America. The Islamic identity and Arab factors in Turkey were the main obstacles to the rise of the quasi-alliance relationship between the two countries. The quasi-alliance came to an end when Turkey declared to stop military cooperation completely with Israel in 2010. The birth and death of Turco-Israeli quasi-alliance have immediate impact on each state's capability to handle security threats. But the influence on regional security is limited.
The Turco-Israel quasi-alliance, which was based on 1996 military agreement, aimed at confronting and deterring Syria and Iran. The relation was driven by the strategic needs of both parties and America. The Islamic identity and Arab factors in Turkey were the main obstacles to the rise of the quasi-alliance relationship between the two countries. The quasi-alliance came to an end when Turkey declared to stop military cooperation completely with Israel in 2010. The birth and death of Turco-Israeli quasi-alliance have immediate impact on each state's capability to handle security threats. But the influence on regional security is limited.
引文
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[2]孙德刚.论“准联盟”战略[J].世界经济与政治,2011,(2):55-79.
[3]朱广祥.试析以土军事联盟[J].现代国际关系,1998,(6):31-34.
[4]周济.土耳其加强同以色列的军事合作[J].国际研究参考,1997,(7):19-20.
[5]孔令涛.以土军事联盟的背景和影响[J].国际观察,1999,(2):11-14.
[6]孙德刚.准联盟外交的理论与实践--基于大国与中东国家关系的实证分析[M].北京:世界知识出版社,2012.
[7]Ofra Bengio and Gencer Ozcan.Old Grievances,New Fears:Arab Perceptions of Turkey and its Alignment with Israel[J].Middle Eastern Studies,2001,(37):50-92.
[8]Dietrich Jung and Wolfango Piccoli.Turkey at the Crossroads:Ottoman Legacies and A Greater Middle East[M].Zed Books,2001:161.
[9]刘军.土耳其与以色列关系的演进[A].潘光,汪舒明,罗爱玲.犹太人在美国:一个成功族群的发展和影响[C].北京:时事出版社,2010:176-181.
[10]刘军,张雪鹏.美国对以色列的援助初探[J].西亚非洲,2007,(4):29-35.
[11]孔刚.勉为其难的盟友--土耳其与以色列关系评述[J].国际展望,2013,(4):82-96.
[12]Alain Gresh.Turkish-Israeli-Syrian Relations and Their Impact on the Middle East[J].Middle East Journal,1998,(52):188-203.
[13]汪波.土耳其与以色列当前关系危机的原因分析[J].国际观察,2011,(4):47-53.
[14]Michel Chossudovsky.The US,Turkey,Israel Triple Alliance[EB/OL].Global Research,http://www.global research.ca/triple-alliance-the-us-turkey-israel-and-the-war-on-lebanon/2906,2014-07-16/2016-07-30.
[15]刘卫卫.土耳其共产党论资本主义经济危机和国际共产主义运动[J].唐山师范学院学报,2010,(6):86-88.
[16]李秉忠.土耳其与以色列关系恶化的原因及其启示[J].现代国际关系,2011,(12):28-32.
[17]哈全安.土耳其通史[M].上海:上海社会科学院出版社,2014.
[18]Omer Taspinar.Turkey’s Middle East Policies:Between Neo-Ottomanism an Kemalism[R].Carnegie Papers,Carnegie Endowmen for International Peace,2008,(10):23.
[19]何志龙.20世纪伊朗与以色列关系评析[J].世界历史,2007,(4):92-100.
[20]Mustafa Kibaroglu.Clash of Interest over Northern Iraq Drives Turkish-Israeli Alliance to a Crossroads[J].Middle East Journal,2005,59(2):246-264.
[21]Philip Robins.Suits and Uniforms:Turkish Foreign Policy since the Cold War[M].Seattle,2003:130.
[22]邹占伟.试析20世纪90年代土耳其和以色列的军事同盟[D].上海:上海社会科学院,2008:2.
[23]张艺,薛笔犁.相逢一笑泯恩仇土以和解能否尽释前嫌?[EB/OL].http://news.xinhuanet.com/world/2016-06/29/c_129097874.htm,2016-06-29/2016-07-30.
[24]Mustafa Kibaro?lu.Turkey and Israel Strategize[J].Middle East Quarterly,2002,30:61-65.
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