渤海湾盆地沧东凹陷孔二段细粒相区有机地球化学特征
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摘要
渤海湾盆地沧东凹陷孔二段(Ek_2)页岩油勘探取得重要进展,多口井在页岩段获得工业油流,孔二段整体被视为常规烃源岩段,其内部岩性及有机地球化学特征尚未开展过深入研究。为此,从沧东凹陷G108-8井、普通薄片、全岩X-射线衍射、有机碳、镜质体反射率、岩石可溶有机物族组分、饱和烃色谱及饱和烃质谱等多种化验资料出发,对孔二段细粒相区泥页岩岩性及其有机质地球化学特征进行系统评价。研究结果表明:孔二段常规泥页岩段岩石矿物成分复杂,无明显优势矿物存在;孔二段有机质丰度高,干酪根类型以Ⅱ_1—Ⅱ_2型为主,有机质成熟度处于低成熟至中等成熟阶段;烃源岩具有明显的植烷优势,除部分样品伽马蜡烷含量较低外,总体指示强还原沉积环境,C_(29)甾烷含量明显高于C_(27)甾烷和C_(28)甾烷,同时C_(27)甾烷也有相对较强的波峰,孔二段烃源岩高等植物有机质输入占优势,同时也有低等水生生物和藻类的贡献。
Shale oil exploration made great progress in the second member of Kongdian Formation in Cangdong Sag and several wells got industrial oil flow in the shale segment which was considered as hydrocarbon source rocks.However,the internal lithologic and organic geochemical features have not been studied in-depth.Based on the analysis of conventional thin section,whole rock X-ray diffraction,organic carbon,vitrinite reflectance,soluble organic components of rocks,saturated hydrocarbon chromatography and saturated hydrocarbon mass spectrometry,the lithology and organic geochemistry characteristics of the fine grained lithologic of the second member of Kongdian Formation in Cangdong Sag were systematically evaluated.The evaluation results of the second member of Kongdian Formation shows demonstrate complex rock mineral composition,high abundance of organic matter with TypeⅡ_1 and TypeⅡ_2 kerogen,and lowmedium thermal maturity.Normal alkane extract from source rock contains single peak type and double peak type;source rock has phytane advantage and only few samples have low content of gammacerane,indicating strong reducing environments;C_(29) sterane content is obviously higher than C_(27) or C_(28) sterane,C_(27) sterane also has relatively strong peaks.The organic matter of the second member of Kongdian Formation in Cangdong Sag is mainly from the higher plant,and also has lower aquatic organisms and algaes.
Shale oil exploration made great progress in the second member of Kongdian Formation in Cangdong Sag and several wells got industrial oil flow in the shale segment which was considered as hydrocarbon source rocks.However,the internal lithologic and organic geochemical features have not been studied in-depth.Based on the analysis of conventional thin section,whole rock X-ray diffraction,organic carbon,vitrinite reflectance,soluble organic components of rocks,saturated hydrocarbon chromatography and saturated hydrocarbon mass spectrometry,the lithology and organic geochemistry characteristics of the fine grained lithologic of the second member of Kongdian Formation in Cangdong Sag were systematically evaluated.The evaluation results of the second member of Kongdian Formation shows demonstrate complex rock mineral composition,high abundance of organic matter with TypeⅡ_1 and TypeⅡ_2 kerogen,and lowmedium thermal maturity.Normal alkane extract from source rock contains single peak type and double peak type;source rock has phytane advantage and only few samples have low content of gammacerane,indicating strong reducing environments;C_(29) sterane content is obviously higher than C_(27) or C_(28) sterane,C_(27) sterane also has relatively strong peaks.The organic matter of the second member of Kongdian Formation in Cangdong Sag is mainly from the higher plant,and also has lower aquatic organisms and algaes.
引文
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[14]Chen Zhonghong,Zha Ming,Jin Qiang,et al.The evelution and its control on maturation paramenters relative to C27trisnorhopane in the representative faulted lake-basin:A case study from Paleogene System in Dongying Sag[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2010,28(3):635-642.陈中红,查明,金强,等.典型断陷湖盆C27三降藿烷参数演化及其控制因素---以东营凹陷古近系为例[J].沉积学报,2010,28(3):635-642.
[2]Ren Zhanli,Li Wenhou,Liang Yu,et al.Tight oil reservoir formation conditions and main controlling factors of Yanchang Formation in southeastern Ordos Basin[J].Oil and Gas Geology,2014,35(2):190-198.任战利,李文厚,梁宇,等.鄂尔多斯盆地东南部延长组致密油成藏条件及主控因素[J].石油与天然气地质,2014,35(2):190-198.
[3]Kuang Lichun,Tang Yong,Lei Dewen,et al.Formation conditions and exploration potential of tight oil in the Permian saline lacustrine dolomitic rock,Junggar Basin,NW China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2012,39(6):657-667.匡立春,唐勇,雷德文,等.准噶尔盆地二叠系咸化湖相云质岩致密油形成条件与勘探潜力[J].石油勘探与开发,2012,39(6):657-667.
[4]Shi Lizhi,Wang Zhuozhuo,Zhang Ge,et al.Distribution and formation of tight oil in Qijia area,Songliao Basin,NE China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2015,42(1):44-50.施立志,王卓卓,张革.松辽盆地齐家地区致密油形成条件与分布规律[J].石油勘探与开发,2015,42(1):44-50.
[5]Chen Changwei,Xue Linfu,Xu Xingke,et al.Re-establishment of basin framework on member 2of Kongdian Formation in Kongnan area,Huanghua Depression[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2007,25(4):511-517.陈长伟,薛林福,徐兴科,等.黄骅坳陷孔南地区孔二段湖盆结构恢复[J].沉积学报,2007,25(4):511-517.
[6]Xue Linfu,Sun Jing,Chen Changwei,et al.Tectonic sedimentary evolution of the first and second members of the Kongdian Formation in southern Kongdian,Huanghua Depression[J].Sedimentary Geology and Tethyan Geology,2008,28(2):62-68.薛林福,孙晶,陈长伟,等.黄骅坳陷孔南地区孔一、孔二段构造沉积演化[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2008,28(2):62-68.
[7]Dong Qingyuan,Liu Xiaoping,Li Hongxiang,et al.Formation conditions of shale oil roservoir in the second member of Kongdian Formation in southern Kongdian area,Huanghua Depression[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2013,24(1):188-198.董清源,刘小平,李洪香,等.黄骅坳陷孔南地区孔二段页岩油藏形成条件分析[J].天然气地球科学,2013,24(1):188-198.
[8]Li Hongjun,Li Huishen,Zeng Jianhong,et al.Kong 2member hydrocarbon distribution and controlling factors in Nanpi Slope[J].Special Oil and Gas Reservoirs,2015,22(1):56-60.李宏军,李会慎,曾建宏,等.南皮斜坡孔二段油气分布规律及主控因素分析[J].特种油气藏,2015,22(1):56-60.
[9]Li Minggang,Qi Jiafu,Yang Qiao,et al.Cenozoic structure features of Huanghua Depression and its structure dynamics model[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,2009,30(2):201-209.李明刚,漆家福,杨桥,等.渤海湾盆地黄骅坳陷新生代结构特征及构造动力学模式[J].地球学报,2009,30(2):201-209.
[10]Hou Dujie,Feng Zihui.Petroleum Geochemistry[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2011.侯读杰,冯子辉.油气地球化学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2011.
[11]Qin Jianzhong,Shen Baojian,Tao Guoliang,et al.Hydrocarbon-forming organisms and dynamic evaluation of hydrocarbon generation capacity in excellent source rocks[J].Petroleum Geology and Experiment,2014,36(4):465-472.秦建中,申宝剑,陶国亮,等.优质烃源岩成烃生物与生烃能力动态评价[J].石油实验地质,2014,36(4):465-472.
[12]Tissot B P,Pelet R,Ungerer P.Thermal history of sedimentary basins,maturation indices,and kinetics of oil and gas generation[J].AAPG Bulletin,1987,71(1):1445-1466.
[13]Hui Rongyao,Zhang Jizhong,Meng Qianxiang.Geochemical characteristics of coal-type oil in southern margin of Junggar Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,1990,8(1):29-36.惠荣耀,张继忠,孟仟祥.准噶尔盆地南缘煤成油的地球化学特征[J].沉积学报,1990,22(4):29-36.
[14]Chen Zhonghong,Zha Ming,Jin Qiang,et al.The evelution and its control on maturation paramenters relative to C27trisnorhopane in the representative faulted lake-basin:A case study from Paleogene System in Dongying Sag[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2010,28(3):635-642.陈中红,查明,金强,等.典型断陷湖盆C27三降藿烷参数演化及其控制因素---以东营凹陷古近系为例[J].沉积学报,2010,28(3):635-642.