免疫学技术在弓形虫检测方面的研究概况
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摘要
弓形虫病是世界分布最广泛的一种人兽共患病,此病在温暖潮湿的地区感染率极高,所以建立高效敏感的检测方法是非常必要的。目前,国内检测弓形虫病的技术有多种,其中以免疫学技术为主。虽然病原学检测方法的敏感性高,特异性强,但其成本高,对人体会产生严重的副作用,所以并不适宜推广。近年来,通过对弓形虫表面抗原的大量研究,检测弓形虫病的免疫学技术也有了显著提高。从敏感性差、操作复杂到现在的特异性强、快速简便,从单一抗原的检测到现在的多表面抗原的检测,无疑为检测弓形虫带来了新的思路。论文主要对检测弓形虫的ELISA、改良凝集试验以及化学发光免疫分析的最新进展进行了综述。
Toxoplasmosis is one of the most widely distributed zoonosis in the world.The infection rate is very high in warm and humid areas,so it is necessary to establish an efficient and sensitive detection method.At present,there are many techniques for detecting toxoplasmosis in China,mainly immunological techniques.Although the sensitivity and specificity of the pathogen detection method are high,the cost is high,which can cause serious side effects to people,so it is not suitable for promotion.In recent years,the immunological techniques for detecting Toxoplasma gondii have been significantly improved by a large number of studies on the surface antigens of Toxoplasma gondii.From poor sensitivity and complex operation to now strong specificity,quick and easy operation,from a single antigen detection to the present more surface antigens detection,these immunological techniques bring new innovative ideas for detecting Toxoplasma gondii.Therefore,this paper reviewed the recent advances in the detection of Toxoplasma gondii by ELISA,improved agglutination test and chemiluminescence immunoassay.
Toxoplasmosis is one of the most widely distributed zoonosis in the world.The infection rate is very high in warm and humid areas,so it is necessary to establish an efficient and sensitive detection method.At present,there are many techniques for detecting toxoplasmosis in China,mainly immunological techniques.Although the sensitivity and specificity of the pathogen detection method are high,the cost is high,which can cause serious side effects to people,so it is not suitable for promotion.In recent years,the immunological techniques for detecting Toxoplasma gondii have been significantly improved by a large number of studies on the surface antigens of Toxoplasma gondii.From poor sensitivity and complex operation to now strong specificity,quick and easy operation,from a single antigen detection to the present more surface antigens detection,these immunological techniques bring new innovative ideas for detecting Toxoplasma gondii.Therefore,this paper reviewed the recent advances in the detection of Toxoplasma gondii by ELISA,improved agglutination test and chemiluminescence immunoassay.
引文
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[22] Gu Y,Wang Z,Cai Y,et al.A comparative study of Toxoplasma gondii seroprevalence in mink using a modified agglutination test,a Western blot,and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays[J].J Vet Diag Investig Off Pub Am Assoc Vety Lab Diag Inc,2015,27(5):616.
[23] Fortes M S,Fmr L M,Caldart E T,et al.Caprine toxoplasmosis in Southern Brazil:a comparative seroepidemiological study between the indirect immunofluorescence assay,the enzymelinked immunosorbent assay,and the modified agglutination test[J].Trop An Health Product,2018,50(2):413-419.
[2] Avelar M V,Martinez V O.Association between seroprevalence of IgG anti-Toxoplasma gondii and risk factors for infection among pregnant women in Climério de Oliveira Maternity,Salvador,Bahia,Brazil[J].J Parasitol,2017,59(2):e90.doi:10.1590/S1678-9946201759090
[3] Guo Y L,Zou Y G,Xu D C,et al.Analyais of Toxoplasma gondii infection and related factors among special population in Changzhou city,Jiangsu province[J].Chin J Schistosoms Control,2016,28(6):669-673.
[4] Liu Q,Gao S,Jiang L.A recombinant pseudorabies virus expressing Tg SAG1protects against challenge with the virulent Toxoplasma gondii RH strain and pseudorabies in BALB/c mice[J].MicrobesInfect,2008,10(12-13):1355-1362.
[5]郭志红,张艳萍,王威.如何防制人畜共患寄生虫病[J].中国动物检疫,2009,42(4):69-71.
[6] Gharavi M J,Roozbehani M,Mandeh Z.Detection of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in chronic myeloid leukemia and acute myeloid leukemia patients[J].Vet World,2017,10(9):1063-1065.
[7]王贝贝,刘帅.改良凝集试验(MAT)检测动物弓形虫血清抗体[J].中国兽医杂志2012,48(6):25-27.
[8]万明明,陈艳,毛克强.用虫体抗原进行斑点酶联免疫吸附试验检测弓形虫抗体的研究[J].中国人兽共患病杂志,1991,7(5):18-20.
[9] Hajissa K,Zakaria R,Suppian R,et al.An evaluation of a recombinant multiepitope based antigen for detection of Toxoplasma gondii specific antibodies[J].Bmc Infect Dis,2017,17(1):807.
[10] Kimura M,Miyake H,Kim H S.Species-specific PCR detection of malaria parasites by microtiter plate hybridization:clinical study with malaria patients[J].J ClinMicrobiol,1995,33(9):2342-2346.
[11] Nguyen T D,Kesel M,Bigaignon G,et al.Detection of Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites and bradyzoites in blood,urine,and brains of infected mice[J].Clin Diagn Lab Immunol,1996,3(6):635-639.
[12] Oliveira D A,Holloway B P,Durigon E L,et al.Polymerase chain reaction and a liquid-phase,nonisotopic hybridization for species specific and sensitive detection of malaria infection[J].Am J Trop Med Hyg,1995,52(2):139-144.
[13] Fischer P,Xiaole Liu X L,Lizotte-Waniewski M,et al.Development of a quantitative,competitive polymerase chain reaction-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of Wuchereria bancrofti[J].DNA Parasitol Res,1999,85(3):176-183.
[14] Medeiros F A,Gomes L I,Oliveira E,et al.Development and validation of a PCR-ELISA for the diagnosis of symptomatic and asymptomatic infection by Leishmania(Leishmania infantum)[J].J Trop Med,2017,6(9):7364854.
[15] Mohammad H S,Mirnejad R,Amani J,et al.Comparing rapid and specific detection of Brucellain clinical samples by PCRELISA and multiplex-PCR method[J].Iran J Pathol,2016,11(2):144.
[16] Alonso R,Martinez E,Laynez P,et al.Detection by nested PCR of Toxoplasma gondii in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus[J].Med Clin,2002,118(8):294-296.
[17] Czechowska J,Kawecka A,Romanowska A,et al.Chemiluminogenic acridinium salts:A comparison study.Detection of intermediate entities appearing upon light generation[J].J Luminescence,2017,187(6):102-112.
[18] Holec-Gasior L,Ferra B,Czechowska J,et al.A novel chemiluminescent immunoassay for detection of Toxoplasma gondii IgG in human sera[J].Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis,2016,85(4):422-425.
[19] Holec Gasior L,Ferra B,Czechowska J,et al.A novel chemiluminescent immunoassay based on original acridinium ester labels as better solution for diagnosis of human toxoplasmosis than conventional ELISA test[J].Diag Microbiol Infect Dis,2018,6(22):8893.
[20] Fulton J D,Turk J K.Direct agglutionation test for test for Toxoplasma gondii[J].Lancet,1959,2(7111):1068-1069.
[21] Dubey J P,Thulliez P,Weigel R M,et al.Sensitivity and specificity of various serologic tests for detection of Toxoplasma gondii infection naturally infected sows[J].Am JV et Res,1995,56(8):1030-1036.
[22] Gu Y,Wang Z,Cai Y,et al.A comparative study of Toxoplasma gondii seroprevalence in mink using a modified agglutination test,a Western blot,and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays[J].J Vet Diag Investig Off Pub Am Assoc Vety Lab Diag Inc,2015,27(5):616.
[23] Fortes M S,Fmr L M,Caldart E T,et al.Caprine toxoplasmosis in Southern Brazil:a comparative seroepidemiological study between the indirect immunofluorescence assay,the enzymelinked immunosorbent assay,and the modified agglutination test[J].Trop An Health Product,2018,50(2):413-419.