契约农业能改善农户的要素投入吗?——基于“龙头企业+农户”契约模式分析

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英文篇名：Does Contract Farming Effectively Improve farmers' Input?——Analysis Based on “Leading Enterprises+Farmers” Contract Model 作者：毛慧 ; 周力 ; 应瑞瑶 英文作者：MAO Hui;ZHOU Li;YING Ruiyao; 关键词：契约农业 ; 要素投入 ; 农户收入 ; 风险偏好 英文关键词：Contract Farming;;Inputs;;Farmers' Income;;Risk Preferences 中文刊名：NJNS 英文刊名：Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University(Social Sciences Edition) 机构：陕西师范大学西北历史环境与经济社会发展研究院;南京农业大学经济管理学院; 出版日期：2019-07-18 出版单位：南京农业大学学报(社会科学版) 年：2019 期：v.19;No.88 基金：国家自然科学基金项目“市场风险冲击下禽业纵向协作的隐性契约稳定性研究”(71573130) 语种：中文; 页：NJNS201904017 页数：10 CN：04 ISSN：32-1600/C 分类号：152-160+165

摘要

契约农业是引领小农户迈向现代农业的有效途径。基于2016年江苏省11县345个肉鸡养殖户的调查数据,结合农户风险偏好和时间偏好的实验结果,使用三阶段回归方法对农户契约参与机制及其对农户要素投入及收入的影响进行实证分析。研究结果表明:(1)风险厌恶程度、与其他养殖户交流养殖经验、距最近肉鸡养殖企业的距离对农户契约参与行为有显著影响。风险厌恶程度越高、与其他养殖户交流养殖经验次数越少、距最近肉鸡养殖企业的距离越近的农户越倾向于参与契约农业。(2)参与契约农业对农户技术投入、兽药投入、养殖规模以及农户收入稳定性有显著影响。参与契约农业的农户会增加技术投入,扩大养殖规模,增强收入稳定性,而降低兽药投入。因此,应当积极创造有利条件鼓励和引导契约农业的发展,完善签约企业与农户的利益分配机制,促进农民增收。
        Contract Farming is an effective way to Lead Small Farmers to Modern Agriculture. This paper analysis uses farm-level data from 345 Chinese broiler growers,based on the experimental results of farmers' risk and time preferences,uses three-stage regression method to empirically analyze the mechanism of farmers' contract participation and its impact on farmers' input and income. Results indicate that: on the one hand,farmers' risk preference,technology communication and distance from the nearest broiler enterprise have significant impact on farmers' contract farming participation behavior. On the other hand,farmers who participate in contract farming,more likely invest in technology,less likely use veterinary medicine,and earn more in broiler business. These findings jointly suggest that contract farming have more effective at control product quality and promote broiler grower earn more in developing countries.

引文

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    (1)契约农业,又称合同农业或者订单农业,本文的契约农业是指“龙头企业+农户”“龙头企业+合作社+农户”模式的契约,既包括销售,也包括生产合同。