基于HyperWorks的电动汽车前舱盖多目标优化设计
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摘要
为了解决某电动汽车前舱盖质量轻量化、模态特性及行人碰撞安全之间的矛盾,运用HyperWorks软件对前舱盖进行了结构优化设计。首先,对电动汽车前舱盖进行了行人头部碰撞仿真模拟,计算出其头部损伤值HIC;其次,利用折衷规划法对前舱盖内板进行了多目标拓扑优化设计,并且对改进后的模型进行了碰撞仿真及结构强度验证;最后,运用自适应响应面法对前舱盖内、外板进行了多目标尺寸优化设计。优化结果表明:改进后的前舱盖总质量减少8.8%;其低阶固有频率值均大于共振频率;改进后的前舱盖HIC值为858.6,达到了我国行人安全保护法规的标准。
In order to solve the contradiction between the lighter weighting,modal characteristics and pedestrian crash safety of the electric car hood,the structure optimization design of electric car hood was carried out by the HyperWorks software. Firstly,the pedestrian head collision simulation was carried out,and calculated the HIC value of head injuries. Secondly,the multi-objective topology optimization design for the electric car inner hood was conducted with compromise programming method. Then,the collision simulation and structural strength were validated by test for the improved model. Finally,the multi-objective size optimization design for the electric car hood was conducted by the adaptive response surface method. The optimization results show that the mass of the electric car hood after optimization is reduced by 8. 8 %,the low order natural frequency values are greater than the resonance frequency,and the HIC value of electric car hood is 858. 6. The results are satisfied with the standard of the Chinese pedestrian safety protection regulations.
In order to solve the contradiction between the lighter weighting,modal characteristics and pedestrian crash safety of the electric car hood,the structure optimization design of electric car hood was carried out by the HyperWorks software. Firstly,the pedestrian head collision simulation was carried out,and calculated the HIC value of head injuries. Secondly,the multi-objective topology optimization design for the electric car inner hood was conducted with compromise programming method. Then,the collision simulation and structural strength were validated by test for the improved model. Finally,the multi-objective size optimization design for the electric car hood was conducted by the adaptive response surface method. The optimization results show that the mass of the electric car hood after optimization is reduced by 8. 8 %,the low order natural frequency values are greater than the resonance frequency,and the HIC value of electric car hood is 858. 6. The results are satisfied with the standard of the Chinese pedestrian safety protection regulations.
引文
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[10]吴旭,王显会,路先锋,等.基于自适应响应面法的薄壁构件耐撞性优化设计[J].机械设计与制造,2013(3):175-177.
[2]张宇,朱平,陈关龙,等.基于有限元法的轿车发动机罩板轻量化设计[J].上海交通大学学报,2006(1):163-166.
[3]杨佳璘,赵桂范,顾海明,等.轿车发动机罩拓扑结构优化及其轻量化设计[J].机械设计与制造,2013(5):32-35.
[4]杨娜,刘明敏,赵桂范,等.基于自适应响应面法的发动机罩行人头部保护效果研究[J].汽车工程,2016(4):435-439,452.
[5]KRISHNAMOORTHY R,TAKLA M,SUBIC A.Design optimisation of passenger car hood panels for improved pedestrian protection[J].Advanced Materials Research,2013(633):62-76.
[6]谢伦杰,张维刚,常伟波,等.基于SIMP理论的电动汽车车身多目标拓扑优化[J].汽车工程,2013(7):583-587.
[7]邓雪,李家铭,曾浩健,等.层次分析法权重计算方法分析及其应用研究[J].数学的实践与认识,2012(7):93-100.
[8]DEPTULA L,NOAH A.Estimating the Cost Impact of Lightweighting Automotive Closures[J].SAE Technical Paper,2015.doi:10.4271/2015-01-0581.
[9]陈立娜,张维刚.基于Kriging模型的发动机罩多目标优化设计[J].中国机械工程,2013(22):3014-3018.
[10]吴旭,王显会,路先锋,等.基于自适应响应面法的薄壁构件耐撞性优化设计[J].机械设计与制造,2013(3):175-177.