基于事故分析的深基坑承压水突涌机理研究
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摘要
承压水突涌事故多沿基坑底穿透相对隔水层的钻孔发生,而围堰结合注浆加固是主要处理方法。首先介绍杭州钱江新城区域近年发生的5起承压水突涌事故及其处理方案,然后将事故简化为轴对称问题进行分析,利用事故发生前后钻孔内竖向渗流平衡条件研究事故原因,根据基坑开挖到底时加固体重力平衡和加固体边缘渗透平衡条件分析加固范围,最后通过围堰稳定性分析确定围堰高度和宽度。结合典型地层结构和地区经验,分析结果表明:相对隔水层有钻孔时,事故区域基坑最大开挖深度依次由钻孔内竖向渗透平衡、加固体边缘渗透平衡和坑底土层重力平衡决定;围堰高度由承压水头和竖向渗透平衡决定,围堰宽度由开挖面水平渗透平衡和围堰边坡稳定性控制。
The confined water inrushing accidents were usually caused by drilling holes in the foundation while the effective and used widely treatment method was cofferdam and grouting. After five accidents occurred in Hangzhou CBD recently were introduced,an axisymmetric model was proposed to calculate the maximum excavation depth according to seepage equilibrium of sand and gravitational equilibrium of the grouted body. Based on typical strata and local experience,the relationship between confined water pressure and maximum excavation depth was investigated and the dominant factors were in order vertical seepage equilibrium,seepage equilibrium around the grouted body and gravitational equilibrium of pit bottom. Cofferdam height was determined by confined water head and vertical seepage stability. Cofferdam radius was obtained by its slope stability and seepage equilibrium along the excavation surface.
The confined water inrushing accidents were usually caused by drilling holes in the foundation while the effective and used widely treatment method was cofferdam and grouting. After five accidents occurred in Hangzhou CBD recently were introduced,an axisymmetric model was proposed to calculate the maximum excavation depth according to seepage equilibrium of sand and gravitational equilibrium of the grouted body. Based on typical strata and local experience,the relationship between confined water pressure and maximum excavation depth was investigated and the dominant factors were in order vertical seepage equilibrium,seepage equilibrium around the grouted body and gravitational equilibrium of pit bottom. Cofferdam height was determined by confined water head and vertical seepage stability. Cofferdam radius was obtained by its slope stability and seepage equilibrium along the excavation surface.
引文
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[12]叶向前.杭州钱江新城区域承压水特征及工程应用[D].杭州:浙江大学,2014.(Ye Xiangqian.Properties of confined water in Hangzhou CBD and engineering applications[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2014.(in Chinese))
[13]李广信.论土骨架与渗透力[J].岩土工程学报,2016,38(8):1522-1528.(Li Guangxin.On soil skeleton and seepage force[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2016,38(8):1522-1528.(in Chinese))
[14]杨迎晓,龚晓南,周春平,等.钱塘江冲海积粉土渗透破坏试验研究[J].岩土力学,2016,37(增2):243-249.(Yang Yingxiao,Gong Xiaonan,Zhou Chunping,et al.Experimental study of seepage failure of Qiantang River alluvial silts[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2016,37(Supp.2):243-249.(in Chinese))
[2]丁春林.软土地区承压水基坑突涌稳定计算法研究综述[J].地下空间与工程学报,2007,3(2):333-338.(Ding Chunlin.Summary of study on calculation mehod of inrushing for confined water foundation pit in soft soil area[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2007,3(2):333-338.(in Chinese))
[3]杨建明,郑刚.基坑降水中渗流破坏归类及抗突涌验算公式评价[J].岩土力学,2009,30(1):261-264.(Yang Jianming,Zheng Gang.Classification of seepage failures and opinion to formula for check bursting insatability in dewatering[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(1):261-264.(in Chinese))
[4]李瑛,刘兴旺,曹国强.深基坑局部深坑突涌稳定性计算研究[J].岩土工程学报,2014,36(3):580-584.(Li Ying,Liu Xingwang,Cao Guoqiang.Calculation of inrushing stability of local pits in deep excavation[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2014,36(3):580-584.(in Chinese))
[5]张飞,李镜培,孙长安.内撑式深基坑承压水抗突涌稳定数值模拟技术[J].地下空间与工程学报,2017,13(4):1098-1105.(Zhang Fei,Li Jingpei,Sun Chang’an.Numerical simulation technology for hydraulic heave stability of deep braced excavation under confined water[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2017,13(4):1098-1105.(in Chinese))
[6]刘国彬,王洪新.上海浅层粉砂地层承压水对基坑的危害及治理[J].岩土工程学报,2002,24(6):790-792.(Liu Guobin,Wang Hongxin.Influence of the pressure water in shallow silty sand in Shanghai on excavation[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2002,24(6):790-792.(in Chinese))
[7]蒋力.杭州地铁基坑承压水的设计施工[J].城市快轨交通,2011,24(5):69-74.(Jiang Li.Design and construction of foundation pits with confined water in Hangzhou Metro[J].Urban Rapid Rail Transit,2011,24(5):69-74.(in Chinese))
[8]张杰青,陈海兵,施木俊,等.基坑地下承压水的控制设计及抢险方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2000,19(增):1108-1110.(Zhang Jieqing,Chen Haibin,Shi Mujun,et al.Control design and method of rushing to deal with an emergency of the ground press water of foundation pit[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2000,19(Supp.):1108-1110.(in Chinese))
[9]叶向前.深基坑工程承压水突涌事故规律与防范措施实例分析[J].勘察科学技术,2014(5):38-41.(Ye Xiangqian.Example analysis on laws and preventive measures of deep foundation pit confined water abrupt gush accident[J].Site Investigation Science and Technology,2014(5):38-41.(in Chinese))
[10]虞利军,陶灵聪,苏华.钻孔引发基坑管涌事故的分析与处理对策[J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),2016,43(9):72-74.(Yu Lijun,Tao Lingcong,Su Hua.Analysis on foundation pit piping accident caused by drilling and the treatment countermeasures[J].Exploration Engineering(Rock&Soil Drilling and Tunneling),2016,43(9):72-74.(in Chinese))
[11]张刚.降承压水引起地表沉降的预估与实测对比研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2013,9(4):908-913.(Zhang Gang.Study on the comparison between prediction and field measurement of surface settlement caused by dewatering of confined water[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2013,9(4):908-913.(in Chinese))
[12]叶向前.杭州钱江新城区域承压水特征及工程应用[D].杭州:浙江大学,2014.(Ye Xiangqian.Properties of confined water in Hangzhou CBD and engineering applications[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2014.(in Chinese))
[13]李广信.论土骨架与渗透力[J].岩土工程学报,2016,38(8):1522-1528.(Li Guangxin.On soil skeleton and seepage force[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2016,38(8):1522-1528.(in Chinese))
[14]杨迎晓,龚晓南,周春平,等.钱塘江冲海积粉土渗透破坏试验研究[J].岩土力学,2016,37(增2):243-249.(Yang Yingxiao,Gong Xiaonan,Zhou Chunping,et al.Experimental study of seepage failure of Qiantang River alluvial silts[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2016,37(Supp.2):243-249.(in Chinese))
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