格式塔意象的传译:认知翻译策略研究
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摘要
作为当代认知学科的重要流派,格式塔心理学和认知语言学为认知翻译学的多维研究提供了重要的概念模式和理论框架,具有方法论意义。但基于这两门学科为研究范式的格式塔意象传译策略研究尚存在系统理论缺乏、方法论研究不足、研究对象过于笼统的问题。本文将格式塔心理学中格式塔意象投射到译者在翻译过程中的身体体验和能动认知中,分析译者对格式塔意象表征的认知语篇识解,并结合具体实例,探讨译者如何在译文中传译原文格式塔意象以及对其进行解构、重构和建构的认知翻译策略。
As components of cognitive science, gestalt psychology and cognitive linguistics provide conceptual models and theoretical frameworks for the project of a multidimensional research on cognitive translation. While their involvement in such a project makes obvious methodological sense, the search within these twin paradigms for the right strategies to translate gestalt imagery(image-G) has nonetheless been confronted with the absence of a systematic theoretical model, the insufficiency of methodology-related researches, and the inadequacy of resources for research, among other difficulties. In an attempt to deal with the situation, this paper projects image-G onto both the translator's mental experiences and her dynamic cognition throughout the translation process, looking into the cognitive translation strategies for constructing, deconstructing and reconstructing image-G. Such an approach makes it possible to classify the strategies into three categories: those for the preservation, enhancement, and renewal of image-G, or those for image-G replacement, image-G internalization, and image-G innovation respectively. The classificatory scheme helps to deepen our understanding of the translator's construal of how image-G is represented in discourse.
As components of cognitive science, gestalt psychology and cognitive linguistics provide conceptual models and theoretical frameworks for the project of a multidimensional research on cognitive translation. While their involvement in such a project makes obvious methodological sense, the search within these twin paradigms for the right strategies to translate gestalt imagery(image-G) has nonetheless been confronted with the absence of a systematic theoretical model, the insufficiency of methodology-related researches, and the inadequacy of resources for research, among other difficulties. In an attempt to deal with the situation, this paper projects image-G onto both the translator's mental experiences and her dynamic cognition throughout the translation process, looking into the cognitive translation strategies for constructing, deconstructing and reconstructing image-G. Such an approach makes it possible to classify the strategies into three categories: those for the preservation, enhancement, and renewal of image-G, or those for image-G replacement, image-G internalization, and image-G innovation respectively. The classificatory scheme helps to deepen our understanding of the translator's construal of how image-G is represented in discourse.
引文
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[2]姜秋霞.文学翻译中的审美过程:格式塔意象再造[M].北京:商务印书馆,2002.
[3]孟瑾、冯斗.古诗格式塔意象与意境的传递[J].外语学刊,2005(4):91-94.
[4]邱文生.认知视野下的翻译研究[M].厦门:厦门大学出版社,2010.
[5]瞿宗德、魏清光.翻译中的意义空白填补机制研究[M].上海:华东理工大学出版社,2009.
[6]沈健.现代汉诗解读和格式塔意象再造——兼谈读者拒绝当代诗歌的原因[J].南京社会科学,2009(11):115-122.
[7]谭业升.翻译中的识解运作——翻译研究中的认知语言学探索[D].上海:复旦大学博士学位论文,2004.
[8]王晓农、张福勇.基于认知语言学的语篇翻译研究——侧重逆向汉英语篇翻译的模式建构及应用[M].成都:西南交通大学出版社,2011.
[9]文旭.语言的认知基础[M].北京:科学出版社,2015.
[10]文旭.语义、认知与识解[J].外语学刊,2007(6):35-40.
[11]吴晟.中国意象诗探索[M].广州:中山大学出版社,2000.
[12]吴青.文本显征及其在翻译中的差移:从文本看翻译效果的认知基础[M].北京:外文出版社,2006.
[13]夏之放.文学意象论[M].汕头:汕头大学出版社,2000.
[14]朱立元.接受美学[M].上海:上海人民出版社,2001.
[15] Bloom, H. The Art of Reading Poetry[M]. New York:Harper Coltins Publisher, 2005.
[16] Koffka, K. Principles of Gestalt Psychology[M]. London:Routledge, 1996.
[17] Lachman, G.&Levin, J. Cognitive Psychology and Information Processing[M]. New Jersey:Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2006.
[18] Newman,A. Translation equivalence:Nature[A]. In R.E. Asher&J. M. Y. Simpson(eds.).The Encyclopedia of Language&Linguistics[Z]. Oxford and New York:Pergamon Press.1994:55-76.
[19] Van Dijk, T. A. Text and Context:Exploration in the Semantics and Pragmatics of Discourse[M]. London:Longman, 1997.