红霉素对连续3个世代多刺裸腹溞存活和生殖的影响
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摘要
红霉素是一种常用的大环内酯类抗生素,其对多刺裸腹溞连续世代生活史参数的影响尚不得而知。本文以连续3个世代的多刺裸腹溞为对象,研究了不同浓度(0.02、0.2、2、20、200和2 000μg·L~(-1))的红霉素对其平均寿命、首次生殖年龄、生殖窝数、窝卵数和总后代数等的影响。结果表明,红霉素浓度对多刺裸腹溞的平均寿命、首次生殖年龄、生殖窝数、窝卵数和总后代数的影响在多刺裸腹溞世代间均存在着明显的差异。与空白对照组相比,红霉素浓度对多刺裸腹溞F0代平均寿命的影响表现出"低(0.02μg·L~(-1))促高(2~2 000μg·L~(-1))抑"的剂量-效应关系,暴露于20μg·L~(-1)红霉素溶液中的多刺裸腹溞F0代的生殖窝数显著减小了55.76%,但暴露于各浓度红霉素溶液中的多刺裸腹溞F1和F2代的平均寿命和生殖窝数均未出现显著性差异;暴露于各浓度红霉素溶液中的多刺裸腹溞F0代的首次生殖年龄也未出现显著性差异,但暴露于0.2、20~2 000μg·L~(-1)红霉素溶液中的F1代的首次生殖年龄显著减小了4.90%~15.69%,暴露于0.2~2 000μg·L~(-1)红霉素溶液中的F2代的首次生殖年龄显著减小了5.00%~16.00%;暴露于20和200μg·L~(-1)红霉素溶液中的多刺裸腹溞F1代的窝卵数分别显著增加了28.87%和10.18%,但暴露于各浓度红霉素溶液中的F0和F2代的窝卵数未出现显著性差异;暴露于2~200μg·L~(-1)的红霉素溶液中的多刺裸腹溞F0代的总后代数显著减少了43.99%~62.21%,而暴露于20和200μg·L~(-1)红霉素溶液中的F1代的总后代数分别增加28.56%和37.17%,红霉素浓度对多刺裸腹溞总后代数的显著性影响在F2代中消失。本研究结果表明,多刺裸腹溞对不同剂量红霉素多代暴露表现出适应性或耐受性。
Erythromycin is a commonly used macrolide antibiotic whose effects on life history parameters of successive generations of Moina macrocopa remain unknown. The present study investigated the effects of differentconcentrations(0.02, 0.2, 2, 20, 200 and 2 000 μg·L~(-1)) of erythromycin on average lifespan, initial age of reproduction, number of broods, brood size and number of total progeny of three successive generations of Moina macrocopa. The result showed that the effects of erythromycin concentration on average lifespan, initial age of reproduction, number of broods, brood size and number of total progeny of M. macrocopa differed with generation.Compared with the blank controls, the average lifespan of the F0 M. macrocopa exposed to erythromycin at 0.02μg·L~(-1) increased on average by 10. 26%, but that exposed to erythromycin at 2-2 000 μg·L~(-1) decreased by25.87%-54.84%; the number of broods of the F0 M. macrocopa exposed to erythromycin at 20 μg·L~(-1) decreased by 55.76%, and the average lifespan and the number of broods of the F1 and F2 M. macrocopa were not significantly affected by the tested erythromycin concentration(P >0.05). The initial age of reproduction of the F0 M. macrocopa exposed to all the tested concentrations of erythromycin were similar to the blank control(P >0.05), but the initial age of reproduction of the F1 M. macrocopa exposed to erythromycin at 0.2, 20-2 000 μg·L~(-1) decreased by4.90%~(-1)5.69%, and that of the F2 M. macrocopa exposed to erythromycin at 0.2-2 000 μg·L~(-1) decreased by5.00%~(-1)6.00%. The brood size of the F1 M. macrocopa exposed to erythromycin at 20 and 200 μg·L~(-1) increased by 28.87% and 10.18%, respectively, but those of both F0 and F2 M. macrocopa were not markedly affected by erythromycin concentration(P >0.05). The number of total progeny of the F0 M. macrocopa exposed to erythromycin at 2-200 μg·L~(-1) decreased by 43.99%-62.21%, but that of the F1 M. macrocopa exposed to erythromycin at 20 and200 μg·L~(-1) increased by 28.56% and 37.17%, respectively. The number of total progeny of the F2 M. macrocopa was not significantly affected by erythromycin concentration(P >0.05). The results stated above indicated that M.macrocopa exposed to the tested concentrations of erythromycin for several generations developed the tolerance or adaption of drug pollution stress.
Erythromycin is a commonly used macrolide antibiotic whose effects on life history parameters of successive generations of Moina macrocopa remain unknown. The present study investigated the effects of differentconcentrations(0.02, 0.2, 2, 20, 200 and 2 000 μg·L~(-1)) of erythromycin on average lifespan, initial age of reproduction, number of broods, brood size and number of total progeny of three successive generations of Moina macrocopa. The result showed that the effects of erythromycin concentration on average lifespan, initial age of reproduction, number of broods, brood size and number of total progeny of M. macrocopa differed with generation.Compared with the blank controls, the average lifespan of the F0 M. macrocopa exposed to erythromycin at 0.02μg·L~(-1) increased on average by 10. 26%, but that exposed to erythromycin at 2-2 000 μg·L~(-1) decreased by25.87%-54.84%; the number of broods of the F0 M. macrocopa exposed to erythromycin at 20 μg·L~(-1) decreased by 55.76%, and the average lifespan and the number of broods of the F1 and F2 M. macrocopa were not significantly affected by the tested erythromycin concentration(P >0.05). The initial age of reproduction of the F0 M. macrocopa exposed to all the tested concentrations of erythromycin were similar to the blank control(P >0.05), but the initial age of reproduction of the F1 M. macrocopa exposed to erythromycin at 0.2, 20-2 000 μg·L~(-1) decreased by4.90%~(-1)5.69%, and that of the F2 M. macrocopa exposed to erythromycin at 0.2-2 000 μg·L~(-1) decreased by5.00%~(-1)6.00%. The brood size of the F1 M. macrocopa exposed to erythromycin at 20 and 200 μg·L~(-1) increased by 28.87% and 10.18%, respectively, but those of both F0 and F2 M. macrocopa were not markedly affected by erythromycin concentration(P >0.05). The number of total progeny of the F0 M. macrocopa exposed to erythromycin at 2-200 μg·L~(-1) decreased by 43.99%-62.21%, but that of the F1 M. macrocopa exposed to erythromycin at 20 and200 μg·L~(-1) increased by 28.56% and 37.17%, respectively. The number of total progeny of the F2 M. macrocopa was not significantly affected by erythromycin concentration(P >0.05). The results stated above indicated that M.macrocopa exposed to the tested concentrations of erythromycin for several generations developed the tolerance or adaption of drug pollution stress.
引文
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[11]孙洪芹,江文静,郭艳敏,等.个人护理用品(PCPs)的生态毒性和处理工艺效果研究进展[J].生态毒理学报,2016,11(1):94-102Sun H Q,Jiang W J,Guo Y M,et al.Progress in ecotoxicity and removal treatment of personal care products[J].Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology,2016,11(1):94-102(in Chinese)
[12]Migliore L,Civitareale C,Brambilla G,et al.Toxicity of several important agricultural antibiotics to Artemia[J].Water Research,1997,31(7):1801-1806
[13]Pomati F,Netting A,Calamari D,et al.Effects of erythromycin,tetracycline and ibuprofen on the growth of Synechocystis sp.and Lemna minor[J].Aquatic Toxicology,2004,67(4):387-396
[14]Flaherty M C,Dodson I S.Effects of pharmaceuticals on Daphnia survival,growth,and reproduction[J].Chemosphere,2005,61(2):200-207
[15]Isidori M,Lavorgna M,Nardelli A,et al.Toxic and geno-toxic evaluation of six antibiotics on non-target organisms[J].Science of the Total Environment,2005,346:87-98
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[17]Meinertz R J,Schreier M T,Bernardy A J.Chronic toxicity of erythromycin thiocyanate to Daphnia magna in a flow-through,continuous exposure test system[J].Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology,2011,87(6):621-625
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[19]Yasser E N,Nabila E D.Toxicity of amoxicillin and erythromycin to fish and mosquitoes[J].Ecotoxicology and Environmental Contamination,2015,10(1):13-21
[20]刘臻,施华宏,费宏,等.3种抗生素对热带爪蟾胚胎发育的毒性影响[J].安全与环境学报,2011,11(5):1-6Liu Z,Shi H H,Fei H,et al.On the effects of chloramphenicol erythromycin and tetracycline on the growing Xenopus tropicalis embryos[J].Journal of Safety and Environment,2011,11(5):1-6(in Chinese)
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[22]Marcial H S,Hagiwara A,Snell T W.Estrogenic compounds affect development of harpacticoid copepod Trgripud japonicus[J].Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry,2003,22(12):3025-3030
[23]王大勇,胡亚欧,许雪梅.铬暴露导致的秀丽线虫多重毒性的世代间比较[J].生态毒理学报,2007,2(3):297-303Wang D Y,Hu O Y,Xu X M.Comparison of multi-biological toxicities between chromium exposed Caenorhabditis elegans and their progeny[J].Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology,2007,2(3):297-303(in Chinese)
[24]杨振东,王加生,唐莉莉,等.玉米赤霉烯酮暴露导致的秀丽隐杆线虫生殖及发育毒性的世代间比较[J].生态毒理学报,2016,11(4):61-68Yang Z D,Wang J S,Tang L L,et al.Transgenerational comparison of developmental and reproductive toxicities in zearalenone exposed Caenorhabditis elegans[J].Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology,2016,11(4):61-68(in Chinese)
[25]Wong C K.Effects of diazinon on some population parameters of Moina macrocopa(Cladocera)[J].Water,Air,&Soil Pollution,1997,94(3):393-399
[26]Burak E S.Life tables of Moina macrocopa(Straus)in successive generations under food and temperature adaptation[J].Hydrobiologia,1997,360(1-3):101-108
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