两种试样加工制备工艺对锚杆冲击韧性结果的影响
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摘要
在锚杆施工过程中,锚杆常常承受一定的冲击载荷,低韧性中空锚杆将会严重影响支护效果,危及人身安全。在以后的锚杆发展中,韧性指标会成为中空锚杆的质量控制指标之一。为更好地研究中空锚杆的韧性,常采用夏比冲击试验,采取线切割方式加工V型缺口,为验证试验结果的准确性,本文以材质为40Cr的R38N高韧性中空锚杆为例,分别以线切割加工V型缺口和机加工加工V型缺口,将两种试样加工工艺路线的锚杆冲击试验结果进行数据对比分析。结果表明:采用机加工工艺锚杆的冲击吸收功在50～75 J,集中在65 J附近波动,稳定性较好,合格率100%,符合韧性材料的特性;采用线切割加工V型缺口,锚杆冲击吸收功在4～85 J,数据极其不稳定,离散性很大,无规律可言,不合格率偏高,达83.3%。因此在锚杆轧制工艺相同的条件下,机加工加工V型缺口更适合作为一种有效的试样加工工艺来研究锚杆冲击韧性值,而线切割直接加工V型缺口后进行夏比冲击试验结果不准确,不具有生产运用指导意义。
In the process of rock bolt construction,often bear a certain impact load,low toughness hollow bolt will seriously affect the support effect,endangering personal safety. So in the future development of the bolt,the toughness index will become one of the quality control indicators of hollow anchors. To better study the toughness of the hollow anchor,Charpy impact test is often used,V-notch is often cut by wire cutting,in order to verify the accuracy of the test results,this paper is made of 40 Cr R38 N high toughness hollow bolt for example,respectively by wire cutting V-notch and machining with V-notch,will anchor the impact test results of two kinds of specimen processing route data comparative analysis. Results showed that using mechanical procession,the impact absorption power of bolt is 50 ～75 J,fluctuating around 65 J,the stability is good,the pass rate is 100%,which is in line with the characteristics of ductile material; the bolt impact absorption power which the V-shaped notch is processed by wire cutting is in the 4 ～ 85 J,and the data is extremely unstable,very discrete,no rules,failure rate high,up to 83. 3%. Therefore,under the same conditions of the bolt rolling process,machining V-notch is more suitable as an effective sample processing technology to study the impact toughness value of bolts,however,the linear cutting method directly processes the V-impact test results are not accurate,does not have the production of guidance.
In the process of rock bolt construction,often bear a certain impact load,low toughness hollow bolt will seriously affect the support effect,endangering personal safety. So in the future development of the bolt,the toughness index will become one of the quality control indicators of hollow anchors. To better study the toughness of the hollow anchor,Charpy impact test is often used,V-notch is often cut by wire cutting,in order to verify the accuracy of the test results,this paper is made of 40 Cr R38 N high toughness hollow bolt for example,respectively by wire cutting V-notch and machining with V-notch,will anchor the impact test results of two kinds of specimen processing route data comparative analysis. Results showed that using mechanical procession,the impact absorption power of bolt is 50 ～75 J,fluctuating around 65 J,the stability is good,the pass rate is 100%,which is in line with the characteristics of ductile material; the bolt impact absorption power which the V-shaped notch is processed by wire cutting is in the 4 ～ 85 J,and the data is extremely unstable,very discrete,no rules,failure rate high,up to 83. 3%. Therefore,under the same conditions of the bolt rolling process,machining V-notch is more suitable as an effective sample processing technology to study the impact toughness value of bolts,however,the linear cutting method directly processes the V-impact test results are not accurate,does not have the production of guidance.
引文
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[4]李中伟,鞠文君.冲击韧性对锚杆力学性能影响的试验研究[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(2):347-353.Li Zhongwei,Ju Wenjun. Experiment research of impact toughnessinfluence on the mechanical properties of rock bolt[J]. Journal ofChina Coal Society,2014,39(2):347-353.
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[7]付玉凯,吴拥政,鞠文君.锚杆侧向冲击载荷下动力响应及抗冲击机理[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(7):1651-1658.Fu Yukai,Wu Yongzheng,Ju Wenjun. Response and impact mech-anism of rock bolt under lateral dynamic impact load[J]. Journal ofChina Coal Society,2016,41(7):1651-1658.
[8]吴拥政,康红普.强力锚杆杆体尾部破断机理研究[J].煤炭学报,2013,38(9):1537-1541.Wu Yongzheng,Kang Hongpu. Failure mechanism study on tail ofhigh strength bolt[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2013,38(9):1537-1541.
[9]洪刚,张庄,任立志.摆锤试验机冲击吸收功的计算机测量方法[J].物理测试,2005(1):31-33.Hong Gang,Zhang Zhuang,Ren Lizhi. Computer measuring methodfor absorbed energy of pendulum impact testing machine[J]. Phys-ics Examination and Testing,2005(1):31-33.
[10]陈登云.线切割加工对模具表层形态及变形开裂的影响[J].航空工艺技术,1984(8):29-34.Chen Dengyun. The influence of wire cutting process on mold sur-face morphology and deformation cracking[J]. Aviation Technolo-gy,1984(8):29-34.
[11]郭涛,王笃诚.关于电火花线切割变质层的研究[J].电工艺技术,1991,13(2):40-47.Guo Tao,Wang Ducheng. Research on wedm metamorphic layer[J]. Electrical Technology,1991,13(2):40-47.
[12]郜俊坤.影响夏比冲击试验结果的主要因素[J].金属加工,2008(17):70-71.Gao Junkun. The main factors influencing the Charpy impact testresults[J]. Metal Processing,2008(17):70-71.
[13]邱晓刚,黎红,杨勇.试样缺口形状及加工精度对冲击功的影响[J].钢铁钒钛,1992(5):54-58.Qiu Xiaogang,Li Hong,Yang Yong. Effect of notch shape and pro-cessing precision on impact work[J]. Steel Vanadium Titanium,1992(5):54-58.
[14]邓文英,郭晓鹏.金属工艺学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2008.
[15]范崇洛.机械加工工艺学[M].南京:东南大学出版社,2009.
[2]何夕平,张伦玉.自钻式预应力中空锚杆在深基坑支护工程中的应用[J].施工技术,2008(2):125-127.He Xiping,Zhang Lunyu. Application of self-boring prestressinghollow anchor in deep foundation support project[J]. ConstructionTechnology,2008(2):125-127.
[3]康红普.高强度锚杆支护技术的发展与应用[J].煤炭科学技术,2000,28(2):1-4.Kang Hongpu. Development and application of high strength boltsupport technology[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2000,28(2):1-4.
[4]李中伟,鞠文君.冲击韧性对锚杆力学性能影响的试验研究[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(2):347-353.Li Zhongwei,Ju Wenjun. Experiment research of impact toughnessinfluence on the mechanical properties of rock bolt[J]. Journal ofChina Coal Society,2014,39(2):347-353.
[5]王爱文,潘一山,赵宝友.冲击载荷下锚杆—围岩结构冲击失效机制的数值分析[J].地震工程学报,2017,39(3):417-424.Wang Aiwen,Pan Yishan,Zhao Baoyou. Numerical analysis on thefailure mechanism of bolted rock structure under impact load[J].China Earthquake Engineering Journal,2017,39(3):417-424.
[6]袁永文.树脂锚杆钢筋冲击韧性研究[J].轧钢,2009,26(5):23-26.Yuan Yongwen. Research on the toughness of resin anchor bolt[J]. Steel Rolling,2009,26(5):23-26.
[7]付玉凯,吴拥政,鞠文君.锚杆侧向冲击载荷下动力响应及抗冲击机理[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(7):1651-1658.Fu Yukai,Wu Yongzheng,Ju Wenjun. Response and impact mech-anism of rock bolt under lateral dynamic impact load[J]. Journal ofChina Coal Society,2016,41(7):1651-1658.
[8]吴拥政,康红普.强力锚杆杆体尾部破断机理研究[J].煤炭学报,2013,38(9):1537-1541.Wu Yongzheng,Kang Hongpu. Failure mechanism study on tail ofhigh strength bolt[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2013,38(9):1537-1541.
[9]洪刚,张庄,任立志.摆锤试验机冲击吸收功的计算机测量方法[J].物理测试,2005(1):31-33.Hong Gang,Zhang Zhuang,Ren Lizhi. Computer measuring methodfor absorbed energy of pendulum impact testing machine[J]. Phys-ics Examination and Testing,2005(1):31-33.
[10]陈登云.线切割加工对模具表层形态及变形开裂的影响[J].航空工艺技术,1984(8):29-34.Chen Dengyun. The influence of wire cutting process on mold sur-face morphology and deformation cracking[J]. Aviation Technolo-gy,1984(8):29-34.
[11]郭涛,王笃诚.关于电火花线切割变质层的研究[J].电工艺技术,1991,13(2):40-47.Guo Tao,Wang Ducheng. Research on wedm metamorphic layer[J]. Electrical Technology,1991,13(2):40-47.
[12]郜俊坤.影响夏比冲击试验结果的主要因素[J].金属加工,2008(17):70-71.Gao Junkun. The main factors influencing the Charpy impact testresults[J]. Metal Processing,2008(17):70-71.
[13]邱晓刚,黎红,杨勇.试样缺口形状及加工精度对冲击功的影响[J].钢铁钒钛,1992(5):54-58.Qiu Xiaogang,Li Hong,Yang Yong. Effect of notch shape and pro-cessing precision on impact work[J]. Steel Vanadium Titanium,1992(5):54-58.
[14]邓文英,郭晓鹏.金属工艺学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2008.
[15]范崇洛.机械加工工艺学[M].南京:东南大学出版社,2009.
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