基于季铵盐的相变温度精准调节体系
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摘要
制备不同质量分数的四丁基氯化铵(TBAC)、四丁基溴化铵(TBAB)、四丁基溴化磷(TBPB)单一溶液及二元复配溶液,探究季铵盐溶液体系的蓄冷特性。通过步冷曲线法和差式扫描量热仪(DSC)确定其热物性变化规律和物质均一性。结果表明,单一及二元季铵盐水溶液的相变温度及水合物生成量,均随质量分数的增大而增大,并在质量分数为35%～40%达到峰值。质量分数达到40%时,单一及二元季铵盐水溶液均可形成类纯物质体系。三种客体物质形成的质量分数为10%～35%的单一及二元复配溶液,潜热为166.5～303.2J/g,可用于0～10℃的蓄冷领域;质量分数为40%的单一及二元复配溶液,潜热为175.7～204.8 J/g,可用于2～13℃的精准温度调节,其中TBPB/TBAC混合体系的温度可调节范围较大。
Different concentrations of tetrabutylammonium chloride(TBAC), tetrabutylammonium bromide(TBAB), tetrabutylphosphonium bromide(TBPB) single and binary aqueous solution were prepared to study the cold storage characteristics of the quaternary ammonium salt solution system. The phase transition temperature and supercooling degree of the solution system were determined by the step cooling curve, and the latent heat of phase change and the uniformity of the substance were determined by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC). The results showed that the phase transition temperature and the amount of semi-cage hydrate formation of single and binary quaternary ammonium salt solutions increased with the increase of concentration, and reached a peak at 35% to 40% mass fraction. Under the condition of 40% concentration, both single and binary quaternary ammonium salt solutions could form a pure material system. 10%～35% single and binary compound solution formed by three kinds of guest materials could be used for cold storage application of 0～10℃, with latent heat up to 166.5～303.2 J/g; 40% single and binary compound solution could be used for accurate temperature adjustment from 2 to 13℃, with latent heat being 175.7～204.8 J/g, of which the temperature range of TBPB/TBAC mixed system could be adjusted within a bigger range.
Different concentrations of tetrabutylammonium chloride(TBAC), tetrabutylammonium bromide(TBAB), tetrabutylphosphonium bromide(TBPB) single and binary aqueous solution were prepared to study the cold storage characteristics of the quaternary ammonium salt solution system. The phase transition temperature and supercooling degree of the solution system were determined by the step cooling curve, and the latent heat of phase change and the uniformity of the substance were determined by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC). The results showed that the phase transition temperature and the amount of semi-cage hydrate formation of single and binary quaternary ammonium salt solutions increased with the increase of concentration, and reached a peak at 35% to 40% mass fraction. Under the condition of 40% concentration, both single and binary quaternary ammonium salt solutions could form a pure material system. 10%～35% single and binary compound solution formed by three kinds of guest materials could be used for cold storage application of 0～10℃, with latent heat up to 166.5～303.2 J/g; 40% single and binary compound solution could be used for accurate temperature adjustment from 2 to 13℃, with latent heat being 175.7～204.8 J/g, of which the temperature range of TBPB/TBAC mixed system could be adjusted within a bigger range.
引文
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[19]何钦波,刘玉东,童明伟.共晶盐相变蓄冷材料的潜热测量[C]//中国制冷学会2005年制冷空调学术年会论文集.昆明:中国制冷学会,2005:231-233.HE Qinbo,LIU Yudong,TONG Mingwei.Measurement of Latent Heat of Eutectic SaltPhase:Change Materials for Cool Storage[C]//Proceedings of the 2005 Annual Conference of Refrigeration and Air Conditioning of China Refrigeration Society.Kunming:Chinese Association of Rrfrigeration,2005:231-233.
[20]李志江,王水灵,陈小兰,等.用于药品冷藏的蓄冷剂研究进展[J].化工与医药工程,2018,39(1):37-43.LI ZhiJiang,WANG Shuiling,CHEN Xiaolan,et al.Research Progress of Coolant for Drug Cold Storage[J].Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering,2018,39(1):37-43.
[2]杨亮,樊栓狮,郎雪梅.气体水合物在空调蓄冷中的应用研究进展[J].现代化工,2008,28(9):33-37.YANG Liang,FAN Shanshi,LANG Xuemei.Application Prospects of Gas Hydrate as Cool Storage Media in Air-Conditioning[J].Modern Chemical Industry,2008,28(9):33-37.
[3]祝丹婷,钱静,蔡蓉.混合水合盐作为储热相变材料的热物性能研究[J].包装工程,2015,36(1):65-69.ZHU Danting,QIAN Jing,CAI Rong.Thermal Characteristics of Hydrated Salt Mixture as a Phase Change Material for Heat Storage[J].Packaging Engineereing,2015,36(1):65-69.
[4]李刚.蓄冷用新型气体水合物及其生长特性实验研究[D].上海:上海理工大学,2009.LI Gang.Experimental Study on New Gas Hydrates for Cold Storage and Their Growth Characteristics[D].Shanghai:University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,2009.
[5]李刚,谢应明,刘道平.蓄冷空调新工质:气体水合物的替代选择概述[J].制冷学报,2008,29(3):18-23.LI Gang,XIE Yingming,LIU Daoping.New Type Gas Hydrate Cool-Storage Media[J].Journal of Refrigeration,2008,29(3):18-23.
[6]孙志高,江承明,孙立.新型空调蓄冷材料四丁基溴化铵-水相变条件和相变热实验研究[J].制冷学报,2009,30(5):24-26.SUN Zhigao,JIANG Chengming,SUN Li.Experiment on Phase Change Conditions and Phase Change Latent Heat of Tetra buty ammonium Bromide Aqueous Solutions for Cold Storage[J].Journal of Refrigeration,2009,30(5):24-26.
[7]巫术胜,肖睿,黄冲,等.四丁基溴化铵水合物在空调蓄冷中的应用研究[J].制冷学报,2006,27(6):48-51.WU Shusheng,XIAO Rui,HUANG Chong,et al.Research on Clathrate Hydrate of Tetr a butylammonium Bromide as Cold-Storage Material in Air-Conditioning[J].Journal of Refrigeration,2006,27(6):48-51.
[8]SUGINAKA T,SAKAMOTO H,IINO K,et al.Thermodynamic Properties of Ionic Semiclathrate Hydrate Formed with Tetrabutylphosphonium Bromide[J].Fluid Phase Equilibria,2012,317(1):25-28.
[9]WANG X L,DENNIS M.An Experimental Study on the Formation Behaviour of Single And Binary Hydrates of TBAB,TBAF and TBPB for Cold Storage Air Conditioning Applications[J].Chemical Engineering Science,2015,137:938-946.
[10]LIN W,DALMAZZONE D,FüRST W.Thermodynamic Properties of Semiclathrate Hydrates Formed from the TBAB+TBPB+Water and CO2+TBAB+TBPB+Water Systems[J].Fluid Phase Equilibria,2014,372:63-68.
[11]谢应明,魏晶晶,刘道平,等.四丁基氯化铵水合物的蓄冷特性[J].化工学报,2010,61(增刊2):77-80.XIE Yingming,WEI Jingjing,LIU Daoping,et al.Cold Storage Characteristics of Tetrabutyammonium Chloride Hydrate[J].Journal of Chemical Industry and Engineering,2010,61(S2):77-80.
[12]OYAMA H,SHIMADA W,EBINUMA T,et al.Phase Diagram,Latent Heat,and Specific Heat of TBAB Semiclathrate Hydrate Crystals[J].Fluid Phase Equilibria,2005,234(1):131-135.
[13]SAKAMOTO H,SATO S,SHIRAIWA K,et al.Synthesis,Characterization and Thermal-Property Measurements of Ionic Semi-Clathrate Hydrates Formed with Tetrabutylphosphonium chloride and Tetrabutylammonium Acrylate[J].RSC Advances,2011,1(2):315-322.
[14]ARAI Y,YAMAUCHI Y,TOKUTOMI H,et al.Thermophysical Property Measurements of Tetrabutylphosphonium Acetate(TBPAce)Ionic Semiclathrate Hydrate as Thermal Energy Storage Medium for General Air Conditioning Systems[J].International Journal of Refrigeration,2018,88:102-107.
[15]李刚,谢应明,刘道平,等.四丁基溴化铵-四氢呋喃系蓄冷水合物[J].过程工程学报,2009,9(1):186-189.LI Gang,XIE Yingming,LIU Daoping,et al.TBAB-THF Hydrate Mixture as a Cold Storage Medium[J].The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering,2009,9(1):186-189.
[16]龙飞.气体水合物添加剂性能研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2010.LONG Fei.Performance Study of Gas Hydrate Additives[D].Guangzhou:South China University of Technology
[17]张曼,方贵银,吴双茂,等.四丁基溴化铵相变蓄冷材料热物性试验研究[J].制冷学报,2008,29(5):8-11.ZHANG Man,FANG Guiyin,WU Shuangmao,et al.Experimental Study on Thermal Characteristics of PhaseChange Material Tetrabutylammonium Bromide for Cool Storage[J].Journal of Refrigeration,2008,29(5):8-11.
[18]宋孟杰,董建锴,姜益强,等.有机二元相变材料相变温度测量方法的对比实验研究[C]//2011湖北暖通空调制冷及热能动力学术年会论文集.武汉:湖北省土木建筑学会,2011:1-5.SONG Mengjie,DONG Jiankai,JIANG Yiqiang,et al.Comparative Experimental Study on Phase Change Temperature Measurement Method of Organic Binary Phase Change Materials[C]//2011 Hubei HVAC Refrigeration and Thermal Power Academic Annual Conference Proceedings.Wuhan:Hubei Civil Engineering and Architecture Society,2011:1-5.
[19]何钦波,刘玉东,童明伟.共晶盐相变蓄冷材料的潜热测量[C]//中国制冷学会2005年制冷空调学术年会论文集.昆明:中国制冷学会,2005:231-233.HE Qinbo,LIU Yudong,TONG Mingwei.Measurement of Latent Heat of Eutectic SaltPhase:Change Materials for Cool Storage[C]//Proceedings of the 2005 Annual Conference of Refrigeration and Air Conditioning of China Refrigeration Society.Kunming:Chinese Association of Rrfrigeration,2005:231-233.
[20]李志江,王水灵,陈小兰,等.用于药品冷藏的蓄冷剂研究进展[J].化工与医药工程,2018,39(1):37-43.LI ZhiJiang,WANG Shuiling,CHEN Xiaolan,et al.Research Progress of Coolant for Drug Cold Storage[J].Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering,2018,39(1):37-43.
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