酒泉市1958—2016年太阳总辐射变化特征研究
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摘要
选取酒泉市境内敦煌、酒泉气象台站太阳总辐射观测资料及其他气象观测数据,建立太阳总辐射气候学计算模型,补充资料空缺。应用多项式及时间序列分析等方法研究酒泉市太阳总辐射随时间的变化规律;依托ArcGIS地理信息研究境内太阳总辐射空间分布情况,并进行分区。结果表明:酒泉市光资源极为丰富,年太阳总辐射6000～6450 MJ/m~2,仅次于国内最大地区的青藏高原,具有很好的开发利用价值。1958—2016年太阳总辐射年际变化平均距平百分率3%～4%,年际变幅较小;年际变化呈波动状,存在2个峰值时段和2个谷值时段,2012年之后呈增加趋势。太阳总辐射月变化最大值出现在6月,最小值出现在12月;夏季最多,冬季最少,春秋次之。境内太阳总辐射空间分布由北向南逐步递减,可分成Ⅲ个区,即Ⅰ北部辐射最尤丰富区、Ⅱ中部辐射尤为丰富区和Ⅲ南部辐射丰富区。
Based on the observation of total solar radiation and other meteorological data in Dunhuang and Jiuquan meteorological station of Jiuquan City, we established the calculation model of total solar radiation climatology to supplement the data vacancy. The variation of total solar radiation over time in Jiuquan was studied by using polynomial and time series analysis. Based on ArcGIS's geographic information system, the spatial distribution of total solar radiation within the city border was studied and partitioned. The results showed that, light resource in Jiuquan was very rich, the annual total solar radiation was 6000-6450 MJ/m~2,only next to the Qinghai-Tibet plateau in China, and had great value for development and utilization. In 1958-2016, the mean distance of the total annual change of solar radiation was between 3% and 4%, whose amplitude was small. Interannual variation fluctuated with two peak value periods and two valley value periods,and had an increasing trend after 2012. The maximum monthly variation of total solar radiation appeared in June, while the minimum was in December. The highest amount was in summer, followed by spring and autumn, and the lowest was in winter. The spatial distribution of solar radiation gradually diminished from north to south, and could be divided into three areas: Ⅰwas the extremely rich radiation area in the north; Ⅱwas the more rich radiation area in central and Ⅲ was the rich area in the south.
Based on the observation of total solar radiation and other meteorological data in Dunhuang and Jiuquan meteorological station of Jiuquan City, we established the calculation model of total solar radiation climatology to supplement the data vacancy. The variation of total solar radiation over time in Jiuquan was studied by using polynomial and time series analysis. Based on ArcGIS's geographic information system, the spatial distribution of total solar radiation within the city border was studied and partitioned. The results showed that, light resource in Jiuquan was very rich, the annual total solar radiation was 6000-6450 MJ/m~2,only next to the Qinghai-Tibet plateau in China, and had great value for development and utilization. In 1958-2016, the mean distance of the total annual change of solar radiation was between 3% and 4%, whose amplitude was small. Interannual variation fluctuated with two peak value periods and two valley value periods,and had an increasing trend after 2012. The maximum monthly variation of total solar radiation appeared in June, while the minimum was in December. The highest amount was in summer, followed by spring and autumn, and the lowest was in winter. The spatial distribution of solar radiation gradually diminished from north to south, and could be divided into three areas: Ⅰwas the extremely rich radiation area in the north; Ⅱwas the more rich radiation area in central and Ⅲ was the rich area in the south.
引文
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[2]陶苏林,戚易明,申双和,等.中国1981—2014年太阳总辐射的时空变化[J].干旱区资源与环境,2016,30(11):143-147.
[3]杨胜朋,王可丽,吕世华.近40年来中国大陆总辐射的演变特征[J].太阳能学报,2007,28(3):227-232.
[4]保广裕,张静,周丹,等.青海省太阳辐射强度时空变化特征分析[J].冰川冻土,2017,39(3):563-571.
[5]李韧,赵林,丁永建,等.近40a来青藏高原地区总辐射变化特征分析[J].冰川冻土,2012,34(6):1319-1327.
[6]张宏利,张纳伟锐,刘敏茹,等.西安市近49年太阳总辐射的时空变化特征[A].第28届中国气象学会年会——S7城市气象精细预报与服务[C].2011:1-7.
[7]和清华,谢云.我国太阳总辐射气候学计算方法研究[J].自然资源学报,2010,25(2):308-319.
[8]康雯瑛,焦建丽,王君.太阳总辐射计算方法对比分析[J].气象与环境科学,2008,31(3):33-37.
[9]柯晓新.甘肃省太阳总辐射气候学计算[J].甘肃气象,1994,12(1):18-21.
[10]王晓梅,张山清,普宗朝,等.近50年乌鲁木齐市太阳能资源时空变化分析[J].气象,2013,39(4):443-452.
[11]赵军,李旺平,李飞.黄土高原太阳总辐射气候学计算及特征分析[J].干旱区研究,2008,25(1):53-58.
[12]王钰.江西省太阳总辐射经验计算公式的探讨[J].江西能源,2006(3):53-56.
[13]姜盈霓,程小军,胡信步.日太阳总辐射月均值的估算[J].可再生能源,2008,26(6):13-16.
[14]杨建莹,刘勤,严昌荣,等.近48a华北区太阳辐射量时空格局的变化特征[J].生态学报,2011,31(10):2748-2756.
[15]马玉峰,李喜仓,宋进华,等.内蒙古自治区太阳总辐射的气候学计算及其时空分布特征[J].气象与环境学报,2013,29(6):102-109.
[16]罗汉民,吴诗东,谭克光.气候学[M].北京:气象出版社,1980:242.
[17]王蔚,张春妹.日照时数和可照时数关系浅析[J].林业勘查设计,2013,165(1):50-51.
[18]黄嘉佑.气象统计分析与预报方法(第三版)[J].北京:气象出版社,2004:28-36.
[19]查良松.西北地区太阳辐射量变化的研究[J].干旱区地理,1995,18(1):8-13.
[20]陈志华,石广玉,车慧正.近40a来新疆地区太阳辐射状况研究[J].干旱区地理,2005,28(6):734-739.
[21]张向军,刘海涛,李绣东,等.和田市1961—2009年太阳总辐射的变化特征[J].干旱区资源与环境,2011,25(7):96-99.
[22]钱莉,林纾,杨永龙,等.河西走廊东部太阳能分布特征及指数预报[J].资源科学,2010,32(12):2419-2426.
[23]吴林荣,江志红,鲁渊平,等.陕西太阳总辐射的计算及分布特征[J].气象科学,2009,29(2):187-191.
[24]欧阳海.农业气候分析方法[D].南京:南京气象学院,1985:85-92.
[25]中央气象局.气象常用表(第三号)[Z].1956:42-45.
[26]齐月,房世波,周文佐.近50年来中国地面太阳辐射变化及其空间分布[J].生态学报,2014,34(24):7444-7453.
[27]许建明,何金海,阎凤霞.1961—2007年西北地区地面太阳辐射长期变化特征研究[J].气候与环境研究,2010,15(1):89-96.