基于地形圈闭与河网水系的宝鸡市城市内涝对策研究
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摘要
选取宝鸡市高新区排水管网齐全的区域为研究区,采用ArcGIS平台的水文分析模块及文献调查的方法,分析了区域发生城市内涝的原因。结果表明:河谷型空间形态、汛期强阵型降水以及自然地表向硬化地表的变化是宝鸡市城市内涝的主要影响因素。建设用地由2003年的11.52 km~2增加至2013年的17.54 km~2,是研究区内城市内涝频发的主要原因;分析研究区内道路的空间分布特征及河流的分布情况,设计方案,构建地表排水网络系统,将城市的雨水借地势、分圈闭、逐级分流排入支流,最终汇入渭河,合理引导区域内的水流,有效缓解城市内涝。
The area of drainage pipe network in high tech zone of Baoji City was selected as the research area. The hydrological analysis module of the ArcGIS platform and the literature survey method were adopted to analyze the causes of the urban waterlogging in the region. The results showed that the spatial form of the valley type, the strong formation precipitation in the flood season and the change of the surface properties of the ground cover matter were the main factors affecting the waterlogging in Baoji City. The construction land increased from 11.52 km~2 in 2003 to 17.54 km~2 in 2013, which was the main reason for the frequent waterlogging in the urban area. The analysis on spatial distribution characteristics of roads in the study area and the distribution of rivers were, the designing the drainage scheme, constructing the surface drainage network system to drain the urban rain water into the sub trap, the networks step by step, and the Weihe River can rationally adjust the water flow in the area and effectively alleviate urban waterlogging.
The area of drainage pipe network in high tech zone of Baoji City was selected as the research area. The hydrological analysis module of the ArcGIS platform and the literature survey method were adopted to analyze the causes of the urban waterlogging in the region. The results showed that the spatial form of the valley type, the strong formation precipitation in the flood season and the change of the surface properties of the ground cover matter were the main factors affecting the waterlogging in Baoji City. The construction land increased from 11.52 km~2 in 2003 to 17.54 km~2 in 2013, which was the main reason for the frequent waterlogging in the urban area. The analysis on spatial distribution characteristics of roads in the study area and the distribution of rivers were, the designing the drainage scheme, constructing the surface drainage network system to drain the urban rain water into the sub trap, the networks step by step, and the Weihe River can rationally adjust the water flow in the area and effectively alleviate urban waterlogging.
引文
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[3]Bates P D, Wilson M, Horritt M S, et al. Reach scale floodplain inundation dynamics observed using airborne SAR imagery[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 2006, 328(1):306-318.
[4]Escuder-Bueno I, Castillo-Rodríguez J T, Zechner S, et al. A quantitative flood risk analysis methodology for urban areas with integration of social research data[J]. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 2012, 12(9): 2843-2863.
[5]苏伯尼,黄弘,张楠.基于情景模拟的城市内涝动态风险评估方法[J].清华大学学报:自然科学版, 2015(6):684-690.
[6]吴志峰,象伟宁.从城市生态系统整体性、复杂性和多样性的视角透视城市内涝[J].生态学报,2016,36(16):4955-4957.
[7]周广胜,何奇瑾.城市内涝防治需充分预估气候变化的影响[J].生态学报,2016,36(16):4961-4964.
[8]胡蓓蓓,周俊,王军,等.基于情景模拟的天津市滨海新区2020年暴雨内涝风险评估[J].地理科学,2012,32(7):846-852.
[9]章译.让城市安全宜居的蓝绿策略:记丹麦哥本哈根暴雨应对行为准则[N].中国花卉报,2017-4-6(4).
[10]方世南,戴仁璋.海绵城市建设的问题与对策[J].中国特色社会主义研究,2017(1):88-92.
[11]张毅,李俊奇,王文亮.海绵城市建设的几大困惑与对策分析[J].中国给水排水,2016(12):7-11.
[12]任鹏飞,甘淑,宗慧琳,等.基于遥感数据的城市空间扩张研究[J].水土保持通报,2014,34(3):116-120.
[13]鲍伟佳,程先富,陈旭东. DEM水平分辨率对流域特征提取的影响分析[J].水土保持研究,2011,18(2):129-132.
[14]中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部.室外排水设计规范(2014年版)GB50014-2006[M].北京:中国计划出版社,2014.
[15]乔宁.城市内涝成因分析及解决方案研究[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2015.
[16]杨永春.中国河谷型城市研究[J].地域研究与开发,1999,18(3):61-65.
[17]李龙.宝鸡市暴雨强度公式推求与设计暴雨雨型分析[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2015.
[18]王若楠.城市内涝风险等级评估方法及案例研究[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2016.