爆破作用线对非均质岩体破碎效果影响分析
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摘要
在非均质岩体的露天矿进行大区深孔爆破中,通过设计优化的爆破网路,确定爆破作用方向,可使有大量结构面存在的非均质岩体有较好的爆破效果。爆破作用线就是根据非均质岩体节理、裂隙发育的变化趋势,采用逐孔毫秒微差多侧向自由面起爆增加径向拉应力使爆破作用增强。通过对黑山露天煤矿3#采区岩性和结构面分析,提出爆破作用线理论:对存在结构面的复杂岩体,增加爆破自由面,设计对称"V"型斜线间隔爆破作用线非电导爆管起爆网路实行逐孔毫秒微差,可减少岩石大块;对局部存在的非均质岩体,确定爆破作用线方向加强爆破作用,设计间隔爆破作用线斜线非电导爆管起爆网路实行逐孔毫秒微差起爆,可使岩体破碎均匀。这些研究成果对于解决干旱区非均质岩体的露天煤矿爆破技术问题有借鉴作用。
For the large-area deep hole blasting occurred in open pit mine with heterogeneous rock mass,the optimized blasting network is designed to determine the action direction of blasting. Then,good blasting effect on the heterogeneous rock mass with various structural planes can be achieved. According to the development trend of the joints and fissures in the heterogeneous rock mass,the blasting action line increase the radial tensile stress by increasing the radial tensile stress through the hole-by-hole millisecond free surface blasting. Based on the analysis of the lithology and structural plane of 3# mining area in Heishan coal mine,the theory of lasting action line is pointed out: for rocks with complex structure,blocky rocks can be lowered by increasing the free surface blasting,designing the symmetrical V type oblique interval blasting action line of nonel detonation network to realize the hole-by-hole millisecond blasting. For the heterogeneous rocks existing in some place,uniform rock breaking can be realized by determining the blasting acting line to strengthen the blasting effect,designing the oblique interval blasting action line of nonel detonation network to realize the hole-by-hole millisecond. These research results can provide some reference to resolve the problem of blasting technology for heterogeneous rocks in arid area in open pit coal mine.
For the large-area deep hole blasting occurred in open pit mine with heterogeneous rock mass,the optimized blasting network is designed to determine the action direction of blasting. Then,good blasting effect on the heterogeneous rock mass with various structural planes can be achieved. According to the development trend of the joints and fissures in the heterogeneous rock mass,the blasting action line increase the radial tensile stress by increasing the radial tensile stress through the hole-by-hole millisecond free surface blasting. Based on the analysis of the lithology and structural plane of 3# mining area in Heishan coal mine,the theory of lasting action line is pointed out: for rocks with complex structure,blocky rocks can be lowered by increasing the free surface blasting,designing the symmetrical V type oblique interval blasting action line of nonel detonation network to realize the hole-by-hole millisecond blasting. For the heterogeneous rocks existing in some place,uniform rock breaking can be realized by determining the blasting acting line to strengthen the blasting effect,designing the oblique interval blasting action line of nonel detonation network to realize the hole-by-hole millisecond. These research results can provide some reference to resolve the problem of blasting technology for heterogeneous rocks in arid area in open pit coal mine.
引文
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[2]Chen Yajun,Chang Zhiguo,Mao Jingfeng.Blasting effect analysis of hole-by-hole millisecond minute difference initiation,network along V-shaped oblique line[J].Electronic Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2015,20(13):2533-2538.
[3]王冬兵,张建华.不同介质间隔装药爆破数值模拟[J].矿业研究与开发,2016(3):93-96.Wang Dongbing,Zhang Jianhua.Numerical simulation on the blasting of interval charge with different medium[J].Mining Research and Development,2016(3):93-96.
[4]王丹丹,池恩安,詹振锵,等.自由面状态对爆破效果的影响及解决措施[J].金属矿山,2012(3):52-55.Wang Dandan,Chi Enan,Zhan Zhenqiang,et al.The influence of free surface morphology on blasting effect and its solving measurement[J].Metal Mine,2012(3):52-55.
[5]张袁娟,赵强,李星,等.复杂工况下土石方爆破设计及安全措施研究[J].煤炭技术,2016(6):137-139.Zhang Yuanjuan,Zhao Qiang,Li Xing,et al.Rock blasting design and safety measures under complicated situations[J].Coal Technology,2016(6):137-139.
[6]于江浩,宋子岭.逐孔起爆技术在露天煤矿深孔爆破中的应用[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报:自然科学版,2015,34(4):438-441.Yu Jianghao,Song Ziling.Research on the application of deep hole blasting in open-pit coal mine with hole-by-hole blasting technique[J].Journal of Liaoning Technical University:Natural Science,2015,34(4):438-441.