复杂裂缝地球物理模型制作及地震采集处理研究
|
摘要
裂缝是川中侏罗系致密油储层主要的渗流通道和重要的储集空间,控制着油气的分布与高产。储层裂缝主要分为在构造应力场作用下形成的构造裂缝和在储层沉积或成岩过程中产生的成岩裂缝,所以裂缝的研究及预测对于寻找致密油储层具有重要的意义。在研究复杂裂缝特征及制作方法的基础上,构建一个与实际地质参数相关的裂缝储层地震物理模型,并对其进行地震采集得到三维地震数据,经常规的叠前、叠后处理,得到综合裂隙模型的三维纵波地震数据。处理结果对于研究裂缝及裂缝带的地震反射特征、优选裂缝预测的敏感属性等具有重要的指导意义。
The fracture is the main flow channel and the important reservoir space of the Jurassic tight oil reservoir in central Sichuan Basin,which controls the distribution and the high yield of oil and gas. The fractures of reservoir are mainly divided into the structural fractures formed by the tectonic stress field and the diagenetic fractures produced in the process of reservoir sedimentation and diagenesis.So the study and prediction of fractures is very important for the search of tight oil reservoir.Based on the study of the characteristics and manufacture methods of complex fracture,the authors constructed a fractured reservoir seismic physical model associated with the actual geological parameters,and carried out the study of three-dimensional seismic acquisition of seismic data,the regular pre-and post-stack processing,a 3 D P-wave seismic data based on the establishment of a comprehensive crack model.The results have important guiding significance for the study of the seismic reflection characteristics of the fracture and the fracture zone and the investigation of sensitive properties of the optimal fracture prediction.
The fracture is the main flow channel and the important reservoir space of the Jurassic tight oil reservoir in central Sichuan Basin,which controls the distribution and the high yield of oil and gas. The fractures of reservoir are mainly divided into the structural fractures formed by the tectonic stress field and the diagenetic fractures produced in the process of reservoir sedimentation and diagenesis.So the study and prediction of fractures is very important for the search of tight oil reservoir.Based on the study of the characteristics and manufacture methods of complex fracture,the authors constructed a fractured reservoir seismic physical model associated with the actual geological parameters,and carried out the study of three-dimensional seismic acquisition of seismic data,the regular pre-and post-stack processing,a 3 D P-wave seismic data based on the establishment of a comprehensive crack model.The results have important guiding significance for the study of the seismic reflection characteristics of the fracture and the fracture zone and the investigation of sensitive properties of the optimal fracture prediction.
引文
[1]Hudson J A.Wave speeds and attenuation of elastic waves in material containing cracks[J].Geophysical Journal International,1981,64(1):133-150.
[2]Hudson J A.A higher order approximation to the wave propagation constants for a cracked solid[J].Geophysical Journal International,1986,87(1):265-274.
[3]Schoenberg M.Elastic wave behavior across linear slip interfaces[J].Journal of Acoustical Society of America,1980,68(5):1516-1521.
[4]Thomsen L.Weak elastic anisotropy[J].Geophysics,1986,51(10):1954-1966.
[5]Chang C H,Gardner G H F,Mc Donald J A.A physical model of shear-wave propagation in a transversely isotropic solid[J].Geophysics,1994,59:484-487.
[6]贺振华,李亚林,张帆,等.定向裂缝对地震波速度和振幅影响的比较—实验结果分析[J].物探化探计算技术,2001,23(1):1-5.
[7]Ass'ad J M,Mc Donald R H,Tatham R H,et al.Elastic wave propagation in a medium containing oriented inclusions with a changing aspect ratio:A physical model study[J].Geophysical Journal International,1996,125:163-172.
[8]Ass'ad J M,Tatham R H,Mc Donald J A.A physical model study of microcrack-induced anisotropy[J].Geophysics,1992,57(12):1562-1570.
[9]Ass'ad J,Tatham R H,Mc Donald J A,et al.A physical model study of scattering of waves by aligned cracks:Comparison between experiment and theory[J].Geophysics Prosp,1993,41:323-341.
[10]Wei J X.A physical model study of different crack densityes[J].Journal of Geophysics and Engineering,2004,1(1):70-76.
[11]乐喜友.利用模型技术研究地震属性的地质意义[J].物探与化探,2001,25(3):191-197.
[12]韦红,朱仕军,谭勇,等.小断层识别技术研究与应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2007,30(2):135-139.
[13]吴永平,王超.三维相干体技术在三维精细构造解释中的应用[J].断块油气田,2008,15(2):27-29.
[14]王丹,贾跃伟,魏水建,等.新场须四段叠后裂缝综合预测[J].物探与化探,2014,38(5):1038-1044.
[15]巫芙蓉,李亚林,王玉雪,等.储层裂缝发育带的地震综合预测[J].天然气工业,2006,26(11):49-52.
[16]王开燕,徐清彦,张桂芳,等.地震属性分析技术综述[J].地球物理学进展,2013,28(2):815-823.
[17]党青宁,崔永福,陈猛,等.OVT域叠前裂缝预测技术——以塔里木盆地塔中ZG地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩为例[J].物探与化探,2016,40(2):398-404.
[2]Hudson J A.A higher order approximation to the wave propagation constants for a cracked solid[J].Geophysical Journal International,1986,87(1):265-274.
[3]Schoenberg M.Elastic wave behavior across linear slip interfaces[J].Journal of Acoustical Society of America,1980,68(5):1516-1521.
[4]Thomsen L.Weak elastic anisotropy[J].Geophysics,1986,51(10):1954-1966.
[5]Chang C H,Gardner G H F,Mc Donald J A.A physical model of shear-wave propagation in a transversely isotropic solid[J].Geophysics,1994,59:484-487.
[6]贺振华,李亚林,张帆,等.定向裂缝对地震波速度和振幅影响的比较—实验结果分析[J].物探化探计算技术,2001,23(1):1-5.
[7]Ass'ad J M,Mc Donald R H,Tatham R H,et al.Elastic wave propagation in a medium containing oriented inclusions with a changing aspect ratio:A physical model study[J].Geophysical Journal International,1996,125:163-172.
[8]Ass'ad J M,Tatham R H,Mc Donald J A.A physical model study of microcrack-induced anisotropy[J].Geophysics,1992,57(12):1562-1570.
[9]Ass'ad J,Tatham R H,Mc Donald J A,et al.A physical model study of scattering of waves by aligned cracks:Comparison between experiment and theory[J].Geophysics Prosp,1993,41:323-341.
[10]Wei J X.A physical model study of different crack densityes[J].Journal of Geophysics and Engineering,2004,1(1):70-76.
[11]乐喜友.利用模型技术研究地震属性的地质意义[J].物探与化探,2001,25(3):191-197.
[12]韦红,朱仕军,谭勇,等.小断层识别技术研究与应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2007,30(2):135-139.
[13]吴永平,王超.三维相干体技术在三维精细构造解释中的应用[J].断块油气田,2008,15(2):27-29.
[14]王丹,贾跃伟,魏水建,等.新场须四段叠后裂缝综合预测[J].物探与化探,2014,38(5):1038-1044.
[15]巫芙蓉,李亚林,王玉雪,等.储层裂缝发育带的地震综合预测[J].天然气工业,2006,26(11):49-52.
[16]王开燕,徐清彦,张桂芳,等.地震属性分析技术综述[J].地球物理学进展,2013,28(2):815-823.
[17]党青宁,崔永福,陈猛,等.OVT域叠前裂缝预测技术——以塔里木盆地塔中ZG地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩为例[J].物探与化探,2016,40(2):398-404.