西北太平洋俯冲带日本本州至中国东北段应力场反演
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摘要
本研究基于Global CMT提供的1196个1976年11月—2017年1月MW>4.6地震矩心矩张量解,对西北太平洋俯冲带日本本州至中国东北段的应力场进行反演计算,得到了从浅表到深部俯冲带应力状态的完整分布.结果显示:俯冲带浅表陆壳一侧应力场呈现水平挤压、垂向拉伸状态,洋壳一侧的应力状态则相反,即近水平拉张、近垂向压缩.沿着俯冲板片向下,应力主轴逐渐向俯冲板片轮廓靠拢,其中位于双地震层(120km深度附近)之上的部分,主张应力轴沿俯冲板片轮廓展布而又比其更为陡倾;双地震层内的应力模式同典型I型双层地震带内的应力模式一致,即上层沿俯冲板片轮廓压缩、下层沿俯冲板片轮廓拉伸;双地震层之下,应力模式逐步转变为主压应力轴平行于俯冲板片轮廓.通观所研究的整个俯冲系统,水平面内主压和主张应力轴基本保持了与西北太平洋板片俯冲方向上的一致性,同经典俯冲板片的应力导管模型所预言的俯冲带应力模式相符;而主张应力轴在俯冲板片表面之下的中源地震深度范围内转向海沟走向,或许同研究区域横跨日本海沟与千岛海沟结合带,改变的浅部海沟形态致使完整俯冲板片下部产生横向变形有关.
The northwestern Pacific region is one of the most typical and concentrated subduction zone on the Earth,and it has been taken as a very important region for subduction zone study.The Benioff zone from northeastern Honshu,Japan to northeast China with abundant deep earthquakes provides a great opportunity for earth science study.Stress regime inversion in the subduction zone using focal mechanisms of earthquakes is an important field in the study of such area.This paperwill adopt the Spatial and Temporal Stress Inversion program downloaded from USGS,which is compiled based on damped regional-scale stress inversion technique,to invert the spatial stress regimes in the full subduction zone(segments from its surface part to the deep end)by dividing all the Global CMT solutions of earthquakes between November 1976 and January 2017 into 10 schemes from a near east-west crossing profile.For the spatial stress regimes in the shallow part of the subduction zone,results of our inversion show that horizontal compression dominates on the landward side,while for the seaward side with predominant horizontal tension.Along the downward subducting slab,the principal stress rotates to be slab-parallel gradually.For the upper portion above the double seismic zone(depth of～120 km),the axis of the principal tension stress is parallel with the subducting slab while accompanied by a steeper dip.At the depth of ～120 km,the stress regime appears to be the typical I of double seismic zones(down-dip compression along the slab in the upper plane,and down-dip tension in the lower plane).For the deep portion of the slab,the stress regime turns to be down-dip compression gradually.For our study subduction zone,the compressional stress axes keep parallel to the subducting direction very well,suggesting significant action of slab pull and weak mantle support below.The tensional stress axes beneath the slab interface with depth range of intermediate-focus earthquakes tend to be parallel with the trench strike.It may be the subducting slab contortion below caused by the Kurile-Japan arc-arc junction that occurred in our study region.
The northwestern Pacific region is one of the most typical and concentrated subduction zone on the Earth,and it has been taken as a very important region for subduction zone study.The Benioff zone from northeastern Honshu,Japan to northeast China with abundant deep earthquakes provides a great opportunity for earth science study.Stress regime inversion in the subduction zone using focal mechanisms of earthquakes is an important field in the study of such area.This paperwill adopt the Spatial and Temporal Stress Inversion program downloaded from USGS,which is compiled based on damped regional-scale stress inversion technique,to invert the spatial stress regimes in the full subduction zone(segments from its surface part to the deep end)by dividing all the Global CMT solutions of earthquakes between November 1976 and January 2017 into 10 schemes from a near east-west crossing profile.For the spatial stress regimes in the shallow part of the subduction zone,results of our inversion show that horizontal compression dominates on the landward side,while for the seaward side with predominant horizontal tension.Along the downward subducting slab,the principal stress rotates to be slab-parallel gradually.For the upper portion above the double seismic zone(depth of～120 km),the axis of the principal tension stress is parallel with the subducting slab while accompanied by a steeper dip.At the depth of ～120 km,the stress regime appears to be the typical I of double seismic zones(down-dip compression along the slab in the upper plane,and down-dip tension in the lower plane).For the deep portion of the slab,the stress regime turns to be down-dip compression gradually.For our study subduction zone,the compressional stress axes keep parallel to the subducting direction very well,suggesting significant action of slab pull and weak mantle support below.The tensional stress axes beneath the slab interface with depth range of intermediate-focus earthquakes tend to be parallel with the trench strike.It may be the subducting slab contortion below caused by the Kurile-Japan arc-arc junction that occurred in our study region.
引文
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Christova C,Scholz C H,Kao H.2004.Stress field in the Vanuatu(New Hebrides)Wadati-Benioff zone inferred by inversion of earthquake focal mechanisms:evidence for systematic lateral and vertical variations of principal stresses.Journal of Geodynamics,37(2):125-137.
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DeMets C.1992.Oblique convergence and deformation along the Kuril and Japan trenches.Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,97(B12):17615-17625.
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Forsyth D,Uyeda S.1975.On the relative importance of the driving forces of plate motion.Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society,43(1):163-200.
Gephart J W,Forsyth D W.1984.An improved method for determining the regional stress tensor using earthquake focal mechanism data:Application to the San Fernando earthquake sequence.Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,89(B11):9305-9320.
Goto K,Hamaguchi H,Suzuki Z.1985.Earthquake generating stresses in a descending slab.Tectonophysics,112(1-4):111-128.
Gudmundsson O,Sambridge M.1998.A regionalized upper mantle(RUM)seismic model.Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,103(B4):7121-7136.
Guiraud M,Laborde O,Philip H.1989.Characterization of various types of deformation and their corresponding deviatoric stress tensors using microfault analysis.Tectonophysics,170(3-4):289-316.
Hardebeck J L,Michael A J.2006.Damped regional-scale stress inversions:Methodology and examples for southern California and the Coalinga aftershock sequence.Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,111(B11):B11310,doi:10.1029/2005JB004144.
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Hasegawa A,Horiuchi S,Umino N.1994.Seismic structure of the northeastern Japan convergent margin:A synthesis.Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,99(B11):22295-22311.
Hasegawa A,Nakajima J,Umino N,et al.2005.Deep structure of the northeastern Japan arc and its implications for crustal deformation and shallow seismic activity.Tectonophysics,403(1-4):59-75.
Hasegawa A,Yoshida K,Okada T.2011.Nearly complete stress drop in the 2011 MW9.0off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake.Earth,Planets,and Space,63(7):703-707.
Hasegawa A,Yoshida K,Asano Y,et al.2012.Change in stress field after the 2011great Tohoku-Oki earthquake.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,355-356:231-243.
Hayes G P,Wald D J,Johnson R L.2012.Slab1.0:A threedimensional model of global subduction zone geometries.Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,117(B1):B01302,180-198,doi:10.1029/2011JB008524.
He J K,Liu F T.1998.Relationship between the morphology of subducted slabs and the tectonic evolution in the active continental margins.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),13(2):15-25.
Huang J C,Wan Y G,Sheng S Z,et al.2016.Heterogeneity of present-day stress field in the Tonga-Kermadec subduction zone and its geodynamic significance.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),59(2):578-592,doi:10.6038/cjg20160216.
Isacks B,Molnar P.1971.Distribution of stresses in the descending lithosphere from a global survey of focal-mechanism solutions of mantle earthquakes.Reviews of Geophysics and Space Physics,9(1):103-174.
Kita S,Okada T,Hasegawa A,et al.2010.Existence of interplane earthquakes and neutral stress boundary between the upper and lower planes of the double seismic zone beneath Tohoku and Hokkaido,northeastern Japan.Tectonophysics,496(1-4):68-82.
Kumira G.1986.Oblique subduction and collision:forearc tectonics of the Kuril arc.Geology,14(5):404-407.
Li S Q,Chen Q F,Zhao L,et al.2013.Anomalous focal mechanism of the May 2011 MW5.7deep earthquake in Northeastern China:regional waveform inversion and possible mechanism.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),56(9):2959-2970,doi:10.6038/cjg20130910.
Liu B.2009.Principles and Applications of Seismology(in Chinese).Hefei:Press of University of Science and Technology of China,135-144.
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