联合强震记录和InSAR/GPS结果的四川九寨沟7.0级地震震源滑动分布反演及其地震学应用
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摘要
2017年8月8日我国四川九寨沟发生里氏7.0级地震.本研究利用基线校正方法获得距震中100km范围内9个强震台站同震位移,基于Sentinel-1卫星干涉SAR影像对获取了InSAR同震形变场.结合GPS形变数据,本研究进行了震源滑动模型联合反演,结果显示此次地震整体以走滑运动为主,释放地震矩约为7.60×1018 N·m(～MW6.52).通过对比模拟形变场和观测值显示,联合反演结果优于单独基于InSAR形变场的反演结果.静态应力变化计算结果显示断层平均静态应力降为1.07MPa.反演滑动模型沿走向和倾角方向拐角波数值分别为0.99×10-4和1.10×10-4.同震静态库仑应力变化计算结果显示共有83.6%的余震位于库仑应力增加的区域,被主震所触发的余震占总数的77.9%,主震对后续余震具有显著触发作用.强地面运动模拟结果显示模拟结果在烈度分布范围和等级方面与调查烈度符合度很高,模拟结果能够很好地反映断层破裂的方向性效应等特征.本研究计算结果显示九寨沟地震无论是平均静态应力降还是拐角波数均低于同类型地震的平均水平,这可能是造成本次地震强地震动水平相对不高的原因.
On August 8,2017,an earthquake of MS7.0 occurred at Jiuzhaigou,China.Based on the baseline correction method,coseismic displacement of 9 strong motion stations 100 km away from the epicenter are obtained.Also,the InSAR coseismic deformation field is derived from the Sentinel-1 satellite interference SAR images.Combined with GPS data,ajoint inversion for the slip model of the source fault is carried out.Results show that the fault is dominated by strikeslip,and the total released seismic moment is about 7.60×1018 N·m,equivalent to an earthquake of MW6.52.Results also demonstrate the joint inversion is better than the inversion from InSAR deformation alone comparing the simulated and the observed deformation field.Static stress calculation shows that the average static stress drop is 1.07 MPa,and corner wavenumbers of the slip model are 0.99×10-4 and 1.10×10-4 in strike and dip directions,respectively.Coulomb stress change calculation reveals that 83.6% of aftershocks are located in the positive Coulomb stress zone,77.9% of total aftershocks may be triggered by the mainshock,indicating that the mainshock has a significant triggering effect on the subsequent aftershocks.The strong motion simulations permit to display basic features associated with the ground motion patterns.Moreover,the simulated results reflect the obvious rupture directivity effect.Both the average stress drop and corner wavenumber are at low levels which may be responsible for relatively weaker ground motion during the Jiuzhaigou earthquake.
On August 8,2017,an earthquake of MS7.0 occurred at Jiuzhaigou,China.Based on the baseline correction method,coseismic displacement of 9 strong motion stations 100 km away from the epicenter are obtained.Also,the InSAR coseismic deformation field is derived from the Sentinel-1 satellite interference SAR images.Combined with GPS data,ajoint inversion for the slip model of the source fault is carried out.Results show that the fault is dominated by strikeslip,and the total released seismic moment is about 7.60×1018 N·m,equivalent to an earthquake of MW6.52.Results also demonstrate the joint inversion is better than the inversion from InSAR deformation alone comparing the simulated and the observed deformation field.Static stress calculation shows that the average static stress drop is 1.07 MPa,and corner wavenumbers of the slip model are 0.99×10-4 and 1.10×10-4 in strike and dip directions,respectively.Coulomb stress change calculation reveals that 83.6% of aftershocks are located in the positive Coulomb stress zone,77.9% of total aftershocks may be triggered by the mainshock,indicating that the mainshock has a significant triggering effect on the subsequent aftershocks.The strong motion simulations permit to display basic features associated with the ground motion patterns.Moreover,the simulated results reflect the obvious rupture directivity effect.Both the average stress drop and corner wavenumber are at low levels which may be responsible for relatively weaker ground motion during the Jiuzhaigou earthquake.
引文
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Hanks T C,McGuire R K.1981.The character of high frequency strong ground motion.Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,71:2071-2095.
Harris R A.1998.Introduction to special section:Stress triggers,stress shadows,and implications for seismic hazard.Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,103(B10):24347-24358.
Hsu Y J,Simons M,Avouac J P,et al.2006.Frictional afterslip following the 2005 Nias-Simeulue earthquake,Sumatra.Science,312(5782):1921-1926,doi:10.1126/science.1126960.
Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration.2017.http:∥www.cea-igp.ac.cn/tpxw/275883.html.
Institute of Geology,China Earthquake Administration.2017.http:∥www.eq-igl.ac.cn/upload/images/2017/8/991724632.jpg.
Ji L Y,Liu C J,Xu J,et al.2017.InSAR observation and inversion of the seismogenic fault for the 2017Jiuzhaigou MS7.0earthquake in China.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),60(10):4069-4082,doi:10.6038/cjg20171032.
Jin M P,Wang R J.2013.Rapid slip inversion using co-seismic displacement data derived from near-source strong motion records.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),56(4):1207-1215,doi:10.6038/cjg20130415.
Jin M P,Wang R J,Tu H W.2014.Slip model and co-seismic displacement field derived from near-source strong motion records of the Lushan MS7.0earthquake on 20 April 2013.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),57(1):129-137,doi:10.6038/cjg20140112.
Jin M P,Li Z L,Wang R J.2017.Coseismic displacement field and slip model derived from near-source strong motion records of MW7.0Kumamoto,Japan,earthquake.Acta Seismologica Sinica(in Chinese),39(6):819-830.
King G C P,Stein R S,Lin J.1994.Static stress changes and the triggering of earthquakes.Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,84(3):935-953.
Lin J,Stein R S.2004.Stress triggering in thrust and subduction earthquakes and stress interaction between the southern San Andreas and nearby thrust and strike-slip faults.Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,109(B2):B02303,doi:10.1029/2003JB002607.
Lu X Z,Gu D L,Lin X C,et al.2017.Destructive force analysis of ground motion near the epicenter of the 2017Jiuzhaigou M7.0earthquake in Sichuan Province.Standardization of Engineering Construction(in Chinese),(8):68-73.
Mai P M,Beroza G C.2002.A spatial random field model to characterize complexity in earthquake slip.Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,107(B11):2308,doi:10.1029/2001JB000588.
Miao M,Zhu S B.2012.A study of the impact of static Coulomb stress changes of megathrust earthquakes along subduction zone on the following aftershocks.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),55(9):2982-2993,doi:10.6038/j.issn.0001-5733.2012.09.017.
Mohammadioun B,Serva L.2001.Stress drop,slip type,earthquake magnitude,and seismic hazard.Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,91(4):694-707.
Motazedian D,Atkinson G M.2005.Stochastic finite-fault modeling based on a dynamic corner frequency.Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,95(3):995-1010.
Parsons T,Stein R S,Simpson R W,et al.1999.Stress sensitivity of fault seismicity:A comparison between limited-offset oblique and major strike-slip faults.Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,104(B9):20183-20202.
Perfettini H,Avouac J P.2007.Modeling afterslip and aftershocks following the 1992Landers earthquake.Journal of Geophysical Research:SolidEarth,112(B7):B07409,doi:10.1029/2006JB004399.
Qiao H Z,Zhang Y J,Cheng W Z,et al.2006.The inversion of the inelastic coefficient of the medium in North-West of Sichuan Province.Seismological and Geomagnetic Observation and Research(in Chinese),27(4):1-7.
Ripperger J,Mai P M.2004.Fast computation of static stress changes on 2Dfaults from final slip distributions.Geophysical Research Letters,31(18):L18610,doi:10.1029/2004GL020594.
Shan B,Li J H,Han L B,et al.2012.Coseismic Coulomb stress change caused by 2010 MS7.1 Yushu earthquake and its influence to 2011 MS5.2Nangqên earthquake.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),55(9):3028-3042,doi:10.6038/j.issn.0001-5733.2012.09.021.
Shan X J,Qu C Y,Gong W Y,et al.2017.Coseismic deformation field of the Jiuzhaigou MS7.0earthquake from Sentinel-1AInSAR data and fault slip inversion.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),60(12):4527-4536,doi:10.6038/cjg20171201.
Shen W H,Zhong Q,Liu B Y,et al.2013.Rapid regional estimation of MMI base on the modified stochastic finite fault modeling.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),28(2):695-705,doi:10.6038/pg20130218.
Sheng S Z,Wan Y G,Jiang C S,et al.2015.Preliminary study on the static stress triggering effects on China mainland with the2015Nepal MS8.1earthquake.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),58(8):1834-1842,doi:10.6038/cjg20150534.
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