青海祁漫塔格成矿带与虎头崖铜铅锌多金属矿床有关的二长花岗岩体热年代学研究
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摘要
虎头崖铜铅锌多金属矿区是青海祁漫塔格地区较为典型的兼具内接触带矽卡岩亚型和外接触带矽卡岩亚型矿化的矿区,其岩浆侵入活动强烈,不同时代含碳酸盐岩的地层出露多,铁铜锡钼铅锌等金属成矿元素组合复杂,找矿潜力巨大。本次研究依据岩体热年代学理论,即岩体总能量与其规模成正比,规模愈大的岩体其热能量愈高,热效应愈大,冷速率相应愈低。冷速率通过同一岩体不同矿物的封闭温度计算得出。选取虎头崖矿区黑云母和斜长石两种矿物进行Ar-Ar年龄测定,样品HTY002黑云母和斜长石~(40)Ar-~(39)Ar坪年龄分别为(233.6±2.2)Ma和(231.5±1.3)Ma,样品HTY016黑云母和斜长石~(40)Ar-~(39)Ar坪年龄分别为(229.6±2.3)Ma和(219.3±1.8)Ma,样品HTY019黑云母和斜长石~(40)Ar-~(39)Ar坪年龄分别为(224.7±2.6)Ma和(222.2±2.2)Ma,计算得到二长花岗岩冷速率分别为57.14℃/Ma、11.65℃/Ma、48.00℃/Ma。当侵入岩体的成分相近时,其侵位时的单位热能可能差别很小,而岩体的总能量与其规模是成正比的,所以不同规模岩体的总能量是有差别的,规模愈大的岩体其热能量也愈高,与围岩达到平衡所需的时间愈长,热效应愈大,冷速率相应愈低。针对不同样品和不同矿物计算虎头崖矿区二长花岗岩体冷速率比较接近,其冷速率相对较快(介于11~57℃/Ma),可知其热效应较大,具有一定的成矿潜力。
The Hutouya mining area in Qiman Tage of Qinghai Province owns the characteristics of inner-and exo-contact belt skarn subtype mineralization. The magmatic intrusive activities are strong in this area. The carbonatite formation of different ages is exposed extensively. The combination of metal metallogenic elements is complex. The potential for the ore prospecting is great. This study is based on the thermochronology theory for rock bodies. The total energy of rock bodies is proportional to its scale. The thermal energy is larger as the scale of rock bodies is larger, the thermal effect is larger as the thermal energy is larger, and the cooling rate is larger as the thermal effect is larger. The cooling rate is calculated via the closure temperature of different minerals.The authors studied Ar-Ar ages of biotite and plagioclase from the Hutouya mining area. The ~(40)Ar-~(39)Ar plateau ages of biotite and plagioclase from the HTY002 monzonitic granite sample related to mineralization are 2(33.6 ± 2.2) Ma and(231.5 ± 1.3) Ma,respectively. The ~(40)Ar-~(39)Ar plateau ages from the HTY016 sample are(229.6±2.3) Ma and(219.3±1.8) Ma, respectively. The ~(40)Ar-~(39)Ar plateau ages of the HTY019 sample are(224.7 ± 2.6) Ma and(222.2 ± 2.2) Ma, respectively. The calculated cooling rates are57.14℃/Ma, 11.65 ℃/Ma, and 48.00 ℃/Ma. Where the compositions of the intrusive rocks are similar, the differences of the unit thermal energies of their emplacement are very small. Because the total energy of rock bodies is proportional to its scale, the total energies of rock bodies of different scales are different. The thermal energy of large rock bodies is large, the time of balance with the surrounding rock is long, the thermal effect is large, and the cooling rate is low. The cooling rates of different minerals from the Hutouya mining area are similar. The values of the cooling rates are high, varying from 11 to 57 ℃/Ma, so the thermal effect is large. It is thus concluded that the potential for the ore prospecting is great in the Hutouya mining area.
The Hutouya mining area in Qiman Tage of Qinghai Province owns the characteristics of inner-and exo-contact belt skarn subtype mineralization. The magmatic intrusive activities are strong in this area. The carbonatite formation of different ages is exposed extensively. The combination of metal metallogenic elements is complex. The potential for the ore prospecting is great. This study is based on the thermochronology theory for rock bodies. The total energy of rock bodies is proportional to its scale. The thermal energy is larger as the scale of rock bodies is larger, the thermal effect is larger as the thermal energy is larger, and the cooling rate is larger as the thermal effect is larger. The cooling rate is calculated via the closure temperature of different minerals.The authors studied Ar-Ar ages of biotite and plagioclase from the Hutouya mining area. The ~(40)Ar-~(39)Ar plateau ages of biotite and plagioclase from the HTY002 monzonitic granite sample related to mineralization are 2(33.6 ± 2.2) Ma and(231.5 ± 1.3) Ma,respectively. The ~(40)Ar-~(39)Ar plateau ages from the HTY016 sample are(229.6±2.3) Ma and(219.3±1.8) Ma, respectively. The ~(40)Ar-~(39)Ar plateau ages of the HTY019 sample are(224.7 ± 2.6) Ma and(222.2 ± 2.2) Ma, respectively. The calculated cooling rates are57.14℃/Ma, 11.65 ℃/Ma, and 48.00 ℃/Ma. Where the compositions of the intrusive rocks are similar, the differences of the unit thermal energies of their emplacement are very small. Because the total energy of rock bodies is proportional to its scale, the total energies of rock bodies of different scales are different. The thermal energy of large rock bodies is large, the time of balance with the surrounding rock is long, the thermal effect is large, and the cooling rate is low. The cooling rates of different minerals from the Hutouya mining area are similar. The values of the cooling rates are high, varying from 11 to 57 ℃/Ma, so the thermal effect is large. It is thus concluded that the potential for the ore prospecting is great in the Hutouya mining area.
引文
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Feng Chengyou,Wang Xueping,Shu Xiaofeng,Zhang Aikui,Xiao Ye,Liu Jiannan,Ma Shengchao,Li Guochen,Li Daxin.2011.Isotopic chronology of Hutouya skarn-type lead-zinc polymetallic ore district in the Qimantage area,Qinghai Province,and its’geological significance[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),41(6):1806-1817(in Chinese with English abstract).
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Grove M,Harrison T M.1996.40Ar*diffusion in Fe-rich biotite[J].American Mineralogist,81:940-951.
Guo Xianzheng,Jia Qunzi,Li Jinchao,Kong Huilei,Li Yazhi,Xu Rongke,Nanka Ewu.2016.Geochemical characteristics and geochronology of porphyroid biobite monzogranite from the Reshui Mo polymetallic depoist,East Kunlun Mountains[J].Geology in China,43(4):1165-1177(in Chinese with English abstract).
Hames W E,Bowring S A.1994.An empirical evaluation of the argon diffusiongeometry in muscovite[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,124:161-167.
Harrison T M.1981.Diffusion of40Ar in hornblende[J].Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology,78:324-331.
Harrison T M,Mc Dougall I.1981.Excess40Ar in metamorphic rocks from Broken Hill,New South Wales:implications for40Ar/39Ar age spectra and the thermal history of the region[J].Earth Planet.Sc.Lett.,55(1):123-149.
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Hodges K V,Hames W E,Bowring S A.1994.40Ar/39Ar age gradients in micas from a high-temperature-low-pressure metamorphic terrain--Evidence for very slow cooling and implications for the interpretation of age spectra[J].Geology,22:55-58.
Hu Xinghua,Zhu Guchang,Liu Huan,Li Zhifeng,Zheng Wei,Xu Wenhai.2011.Characteristics and mineralization of the Hutouya polymetallic deposit in the Qimantage metallogenic belt[J].Geology and Exploration,47(2):216-221(in Chinese with English abstract).
J?ger,Emile,Niggli E,Wenk E.1967.Rb-Sr Altersbestimmungen an Glimmern der Zentralalpen(Rb-Sr age determinations on micas from the Central Alps):Beitragezur Geologische Karteder Schweiz[J].NF,134:1-67.
Lee J K W,Onstott T C,Cashman K V.1991.Incremental heating of hornblende in vacuo:implications for40Ar/39Ar geochronology and the interpretation of thermal histories[J].Geology,19:872-876.
Lee J K W.1993.The argon release mechanisms of hornblende in vacuo[J].Chemical Geology,106:133-170.
Li Kan,Gao Yongbao,Qian Bing,He Shuyue,Liu Yongle,Zhang Zhaowei,Zhang Jiangwei,Wang Yalei.2015.Geochronology,geochemical characteristics and Hf isotopic compositions of granite in the Hutouya deposit Qimantag,East Kunlun[J].Geology in China,42(3):630-645(in Chinese with English abstract).
Li Wenyuan.Metallogenic geologica characteristics and newly discovered orebodies in Northwest China[J].Geology in Chian,42(3):365-380(in Chinese with English abstract).
Liu Chengdong,Mo Xuanxue,Lui Zhaohua,Yu Xuehui,Chen Hongwei,Li Shuwei,Zhao Xin.2004.Crust-manlte magma mixing in East Kunlun:Evidence from zircon SHRIMPchronology[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,49(6):596-602(in Chinese).
Liu Yunhua,Mo Xuanxue,Yu Xuehui,Zhang Xueting,Xu Guobin.2006.Zircon SHRIMP U-Pb dating of the Jingren granite,Yemaquan region of the East Kunlun and its geological significance[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,49(6):592-602(in Chinese with English abstract).
Lo C H,James K W,Tullis C O.2000.Argon release mechanisms of biotite in vacuo and the role of short-circuit diffusion and recoil[J].Chemistry Geology,165:135-166.
Lovera O M,Richter F M,Harrison T M.1989.The40Ar/39Ar geothermometry for slowly cooled samples having a distribution of diffusion domain sizes[J].Journal of Geophysics Research,94:17917-17935.
Lovera O M,Grove M,Harrison T M.2002.Systematic analysis of K-feldspar40Ar/39Ar step heating results II:relevance of laboratory argon diffusion properties to nature[J].Geochimca et Cosmochimca Acta,66:1237-1255.
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