银额盆地苏红图坳陷早白垩世巴音戈壁组火山岩锆石U-Pb年代学、地球化学特征及构造意义
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摘要
本文对银额盆地苏红图坳陷钻井揭示的火山岩进行同位素地质年代学和岩石地球化学研究,以揭示该组火山岩的形成年代,探讨其岩石成因和构造环境。通过LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年,获得火山岩形成年龄为131.8±5.9～132.6±0.7Ma,时代为早白垩世早期;其年龄与查干凹陷巴音戈壁组火山岩年龄相近或略晚,而与区域内下白垩统苏红图组火山岩年龄差异较大,表明银额盆地早白垩世存在多期火山喷发,且沿着恩格尔乌苏断裂同时发生或向西南延伸,与阿尔金断裂向东北延伸无直接关系。研究区巴音戈壁组火山岩以亚碱性玄武安山岩为主(SiO_2=55.97%～56.37%),表现为主量元素高TiO_2(2.10%～2.35%)、低MgO (0.93%～1.47%)和低Na_2O+K_2O (3.17%～6.49%);稀土元素含量高(REE=352.39×10~(-6)～555.5×10~(-6)),轻重稀土元素强烈分异,弱Eu负异常(δEu=0.78～0.85);富集Rb、Ba、Th等大离子亲石元素(LILE),亏损Nb、Ta、Ti等高场强元素(HSFE)以及Ni、Cr等相容元素等特征,具有板内和活动大陆边缘的双重特点,与苏红图组板内玄武质火山岩的地球化学特征截然不同。结合区域构造演化及火山岩时空分布分析,认为巴音戈壁组和苏红图组火山岩均为中生代银额盆地陆内伸展、岩石圈减薄和恩格尔乌苏断裂重新活动的产物,但两期火山岩来源于不同的岩浆源区。巴音戈壁组火山岩表现出的岛弧火山岩特征可能是由于地幔源区受到早期俯冲消减事件带来的流体影响。两期火山岩岩浆在上升过程中均未受到明显的地壳物质混染,但巴音戈壁组火山岩存在明显的镁铁质矿物和一定的斜长石结晶分离,结晶分异程度远高于苏红图组火山岩。
The study carried out the isotopic geochronology and geochemistry analysis of volcanic rocks revealed by the drilling in Suhongtu Depression Ying'e Basin to determine the formation age and the petro-genesis and tectonic environment.Zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating yields the age of 131.8±5.9 ～ 132.6±0.7 Ma,indicating the rocks crystallized in Early Cretaceous.Its age is similar to or slightly later than that of the volcanic rocks of the Bayingebi Formation in the Chagan Sag,and different from that of the Suhongtu Formation of the Low Cretaceous in the region.This indicates that there were multiple periods of volcanic eruption in the Early Cretaceous,which occurred along Engerwusu fault at the same time or extended the southwest,were essentially independent of the northeastern extension of Altun fault.The Bayinggebi Formation volcanic rocks in the study area are mainly sub-alkaline basaltic andesite(SiO_2 contents of 55.97%～56.37%),and characterized by high TiO_2(2.10%～2.35%),low MgO(0.93%～1.47%)and low Na_2O+K_2O(3.17%～6.49%).HighΣREE(352.39 10~(-6)～555.5 10~(-6)),distinct high fractionation of LREE and HREE,weak Eu nagtetive anomalies(δEu=0.78～0.85),enrichment of large ion lithophile elements(e.g.Rb,Ba,Th),depletion of high field strength elements(e.g.Nb,Ta,Ti)and compatible elements(e.g.Ni,Cr),suggest that the volcanic rocks are characteristic of continental intraplate and continent margin,which are different from those of the Suhongtu Group volcanic rocks.Combined with the regional tectonic evolution and spatial distribution of volcanic rocks,the study suggests that the volcanic rocks of Bayingebi Group and Suhongtu Group were generated in response to within-plate extension,lithosphere thinning and the reaction of the Engerwusu fault,but the two had different magmatic sources.The Bayingebi Formation volcanic rocks show the characteristic of island-arc basalts,and this may result from that mantle area was affected by fluids brought by the early subduction.The volcanic rocks of the Bayingebi and Suhongtu groups had not suffered the crustal contamination during the magma went up,but the Bayingebi Formation volcanic rocks are characterized by distinct crystallization fractionation between mafic minerals and plagioclase,with the degree of the crystallization fractionation higher than that of the Suhongtu Formation volcanic rock.
The study carried out the isotopic geochronology and geochemistry analysis of volcanic rocks revealed by the drilling in Suhongtu Depression Ying'e Basin to determine the formation age and the petro-genesis and tectonic environment.Zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating yields the age of 131.8±5.9 ～ 132.6±0.7 Ma,indicating the rocks crystallized in Early Cretaceous.Its age is similar to or slightly later than that of the volcanic rocks of the Bayingebi Formation in the Chagan Sag,and different from that of the Suhongtu Formation of the Low Cretaceous in the region.This indicates that there were multiple periods of volcanic eruption in the Early Cretaceous,which occurred along Engerwusu fault at the same time or extended the southwest,were essentially independent of the northeastern extension of Altun fault.The Bayinggebi Formation volcanic rocks in the study area are mainly sub-alkaline basaltic andesite(SiO_2 contents of 55.97%～56.37%),and characterized by high TiO_2(2.10%～2.35%),low MgO(0.93%～1.47%)and low Na_2O+K_2O(3.17%～6.49%).HighΣREE(352.39 10~(-6)～555.5 10~(-6)),distinct high fractionation of LREE and HREE,weak Eu nagtetive anomalies(δEu=0.78～0.85),enrichment of large ion lithophile elements(e.g.Rb,Ba,Th),depletion of high field strength elements(e.g.Nb,Ta,Ti)and compatible elements(e.g.Ni,Cr),suggest that the volcanic rocks are characteristic of continental intraplate and continent margin,which are different from those of the Suhongtu Group volcanic rocks.Combined with the regional tectonic evolution and spatial distribution of volcanic rocks,the study suggests that the volcanic rocks of Bayingebi Group and Suhongtu Group were generated in response to within-plate extension,lithosphere thinning and the reaction of the Engerwusu fault,but the two had different magmatic sources.The Bayingebi Formation volcanic rocks show the characteristic of island-arc basalts,and this may result from that mantle area was affected by fluids brought by the early subduction.The volcanic rocks of the Bayingebi and Suhongtu groups had not suffered the crustal contamination during the magma went up,but the Bayingebi Formation volcanic rocks are characterized by distinct crystallization fractionation between mafic minerals and plagioclase,with the degree of the crystallization fractionation higher than that of the Suhongtu Formation volcanic rock.
引文
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