论地方立法技术的内涵、功能及科学化路径——基于当前地方立法现状的分析
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摘要
地方立法技术的内涵取决于地方立法的层级、原则及地方人大的内部分工,框定地方立法技术的合理内涵是为了明确地方立法技术的功能定位,以达至维护国家法制统一、引领和保障社会经济发展、增强地方立法在地方治理中的话语权。当下地方立法技术的运用中存在着立法冲突、重复立法、立法与实践相脱节等诸多现实问题,这主要源自地方立法经验缺乏、地方立法人才匮乏、地方立法技术规范不够完善。地方立法的技术层面与实质目标并不截然分离,而是会交互影响,解决以上问题需要分层面、有次序地逐步进行,以推动地方立法技术的科学化。
The connotation of local legislative technology finds expression in the level and principle of local legislation and the internal division of labor of the local people' s congresses. The reasonable connotation of local legislative technology is to define the functional orientation of local legislative technology,that is,to safeguard the unification of the national legal system,to guide and guarantee social and economic development,and to enhance the right to speak of local legislation in local governance.There are many practical problems in the application of local legislative techniques,such as legislative conflicts,repetitive legislation,and the disconnection between legislation and practice,which are mainly related to the lack of local legislative experience,the lack of local legislative talents and the imperfection of local legislative technical norms. The technical level and substantive goal of local legislation are not completely separated,but interact with each other. To solve the above problems,it is necessary to implement them in a hierarchical and orderly manner to promote the scientificization of local legislative technology.
The connotation of local legislative technology finds expression in the level and principle of local legislation and the internal division of labor of the local people' s congresses. The reasonable connotation of local legislative technology is to define the functional orientation of local legislative technology,that is,to safeguard the unification of the national legal system,to guide and guarantee social and economic development,and to enhance the right to speak of local legislation in local governance.There are many practical problems in the application of local legislative techniques,such as legislative conflicts,repetitive legislation,and the disconnection between legislation and practice,which are mainly related to the lack of local legislative experience,the lack of local legislative talents and the imperfection of local legislative technical norms. The technical level and substantive goal of local legislation are not completely separated,but interact with each other. To solve the above problems,it is necessary to implement them in a hierarchical and orderly manner to promote the scientificization of local legislative technology.
引文
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[3]周旺生.立法论[M].北京大学出版社,1994.
[4]王理万.立法官僚化---理解中国立法过程的新视角[J].中国法律评论,2016(2).
[5]李高协.浅议地方立法技术及其规范[J].人大研究,2015(3).
[6]习近平在中国共产党第十九次全国代表大会上的报告[N].人民日报,2017-10-19(1).
[7]李林.走向宪政的立法[M].北京:法律出版社,2003.
[8][奥]汉斯·凯尔森.法与国家的一般理论[M].沈宗灵,译.北京:商务印书馆,2014.
[9]孙述洲.地方立法重复的反思---以4省市人大消费者权益保护立法为例[J].人大研究,2016(3).
[10]石东坡.立法需求的生成与确立问题探究---析《立法法》第72条第4款[J].法学论坛,2016(1).
[11]习近平谈依法治国[N].人民日报(海外版),2016-08-17(12).
[12]刘松山.当代中国处理立法与改革关系的策略[J].法学,2014(1).
[13]田林.关于确立根本性立法技术规范的建议[J].中国法律评论,2018(1).
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