地方文化保护与传承中精英个体的日常实践
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摘要
随着跨学科研究范式与方法的发展,人文地理学开始从更加微观的日常生活视角关注"地方"文化保护问题,产生日常生活地理学这一研究方向。通过关注地方文化保护与传承中精英个体的日常实践,尝试探讨在国家治理与居民日常生活的互动交织中,微观尺度的精英个体通过怎样的日常实践来塑造和凸显其在地方文化保护与传承中的主体性。研究发现:首先,地方文化保护与传承实践中,地方精英获得"文化身份"多体现为对接自上而下的政府治理体系或者下沉到地方民众日常生活实践,从而获得底层民众对自身文化身份的"认同"的两种主要纵向路径,或者通过横向联系结合市场,通过商业实践建构地方文化传承的主体地位;其次,由于文化精英具有一定的群体代表性,精英个体间的差异性是形成地方文化多样性实践的重要原因;文化精英个体通过凝结各种要素,融合了地方性、文化性、空间性和主体性,在执行构建文化自信的各项策略中,应给与高度关注。
With the development of interdisciplinary research paradigms and methods, human geography focused on the issue of "local" cultural protection from a more microscopic view of daily life. The daily life geography has thus become a research direction. Adopting a qualitative research method and based on the research team's multiple field surveys, the article focuses on the daily practice of local elites in the protection and inheritance of local culture, and tries to explore how the local elites shape and highlight their subjectivity in the intertwined interaction between national governance and daily life of residents. Here are the research findings of the article. First of all, in the practice of the protection and inheritance of local culture, the local elites' "cultural identity" is reflected by two main vertical paths, which are the connection of the top-down government governance system or the practice of sinking to the local people's daily life. Local elites also construct the dominant position in the heritage of local cultural through commercial practice with a horizontal path combined with market; Secondly, the difference between the elite individuals is an important reason for the formation the practice of local cultural diversity because the local cultural elites have certain group representation; Finally, the local cultural elites combined locality, culture, spatiality and subjectivity through the condensation of various elements. We should focus more on them in various strategies to build cultural confidence.
With the development of interdisciplinary research paradigms and methods, human geography focused on the issue of "local" cultural protection from a more microscopic view of daily life. The daily life geography has thus become a research direction. Adopting a qualitative research method and based on the research team's multiple field surveys, the article focuses on the daily practice of local elites in the protection and inheritance of local culture, and tries to explore how the local elites shape and highlight their subjectivity in the intertwined interaction between national governance and daily life of residents. Here are the research findings of the article. First of all, in the practice of the protection and inheritance of local culture, the local elites' "cultural identity" is reflected by two main vertical paths, which are the connection of the top-down government governance system or the practice of sinking to the local people's daily life. Local elites also construct the dominant position in the heritage of local cultural through commercial practice with a horizontal path combined with market; Secondly, the difference between the elite individuals is an important reason for the formation the practice of local cultural diversity because the local cultural elites have certain group representation; Finally, the local cultural elites combined locality, culture, spatiality and subjectivity through the condensation of various elements. We should focus more on them in various strategies to build cultural confidence.
引文
[1]张敏,熊帼.基于日常生活的消费空间生产:一个消费空间的文化研究框架.人文地理,2013,28(2):38-44.[Zhang Min,Xiong Guo.Production of consuming spaces:A cultural approach based on theories of everyday life.Human Geography,2013,28(2):38-44.]
[2]姜楠.空间研究的“文化转向”与文化研究的“空间转向”.社会科学家,2008,(8):138-140.[Jiang Nan.The cultural turn of space research and the spatial turn of cultural studies.Social Scientist,2008,(8):138-140.]
[3]郭文,杨桂华.民族旅游村寨仪式实践演变中神圣空间的生产:对翁丁佤寨村民日常生活的观察.旅游学刊,2018,33(5):92-103.[Guo Wen,Yang Guihua.Sacred space production on the evolution of ethnic tourism village ritual practices:Based on the observation of Wengding Va Villagers'daily life.Tourism Tribune,2018,33(5):92-103.]
[4]魏雷,孙九霞.少数民族旅游社区现代性的本土化实践:以泸沽湖大落水村为例.旅游学刊,2017,32(10):47-56.[Wei Lei,Sun Jiuxia.Modernity of ethnic minority communities and its indigenous practices:A case study of Luoshui village in Lugu Lake area.Tourism Tribune,2017,32(10):47-56.]
[5]孙九霞,周一.日常生活视野中的旅游社区空间再生产研究:基于列斐伏尔与德塞图的理论视角.地理学报,2014,69(10):1575-1589.[Sun Jiuxia,Zhou Yi.Study on the reproduction of space of tourism community from the perspective of everyday life:Based on theories of Lefebvre and De Certeau.Acta Geographica Sinica,2014,69(10):1575-1589.]
[6]杜芳娟,陈晓亮,朱竑.民族文化重构实践中的身份与地方认同:仡佬族祭祖活动案例.地理科学,2011,31(12):1512-1517.[Du Fangjuan,Chen Xiaoliang,Zhu Hong.Ethnic identity and place identity in the practice of ethnic cultural reconstruction:A case study of official ancestor worship of Gelao Minority in Wuchuan county.Scientia Geographica Sinica,2011,31(12):1512-1517.]
[7]Relph E.Place and Placelessness.London:Pion,1976.
[8]郑震.论日常生活.社会学研究,2013,(1):65-87.[Zhen Zhen.On everyday life.Sociological Studies,2013,(1):65-87.]
[9]赖立里,张慧.如何触碰生活的质感:日常生活研究方法论的四个面向.探索与争鸣,2017,(1):104-110.[Lai Lili,Zhang Hui.How to touch the texture of life:Four aspects of methodology in everyday life research.Exploration and Free Views,2017,(1):104-110.]
[10]衣俊卿,欣文.日常生活批判:一种真正植根于生活世界的文化哲学.学术月刊,2006,(1):150-156.[Yi Junqin,Xinwen.Critique of everyday life:A real cultural philosophy rooted in the world of life.Academic Monthly,2006,(1):150-156.]
[11]衣俊卿.日常生活批判与社会科学范式转换.光明日报,2006-02-14(12).[Yi Junqin.Criticism of everyday life and paradigm shift of social sciences.Guangming Daily,2006-02-14(12).]
[12]刘怀玉.列斐伏尔与20世纪西方的几种日常生活批判倾向.求是学刊,2003,(5):44-50.[Liu Huaiyu.Lefebvre and several critical tendencies of daily life in the west in the 20th century.Seeking Truth,2003,(5):44-50.]
[13]Bissell D.Visualising everyday geographies:Practices of vision through travel-time.Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers,2009,34(1):42-60.
[14]王丰龙,刘云刚.空间的生产研究综述与展望.人文地理,2011,26(2):13-30.[Wang Fenglong,Liu Yungang.A review of researches on the production of space.Human Geography,2011,26(2):13-30.]
[15]叶丹,张京祥.日常生活实践视角下的非正规空间生产研究:以宁波市孔浦街区为例.人文地理,2015,30(5):57-64.[Ye Dan,Zhang Jingxiang.Study on informal space production from the perspective of daily life practice:Take Kongpu district of Ningbo city as an example.Human Geography,2015,30(5):57-64.]
[16]黄耿志,薛德升.1990年以来广州市摊贩空间政治的规训机制.地理学报,2011,66(8):1063-1075.[Huang Gengzhi,Xue Desheng.Geographical journal of the discipline mechanism of space politics for street vendors in Guangzhou since1990.Acta Geographica Sinica,2011,66(8):1063-1075.]
[17]马振华.日常生活视野下的都市空间研究:以武汉市汉正街为例.武汉:华中科技大学博士学位论文,2009.[Ma Zhenha.The research on urban space from the perspective of everyday life a case study on Hanzhengjie of Wuha.WuHan:Doctoral Dissertation of Huazhong University of Seience&Technolog,2009.]
[18]赵雪雁,李东泽,李巍,等.西北地区农村儿童日常生活时空间特征研究.人文地理,2018,33(3):78-88.[Zhao Xueyan,Li Dongze,Liwei,et al.Spatial and temporal characteristics of rural children's daily lives in Northwest China.Human Geography,2018,33(3):78-88.]
[19]代丹丹,周春山.广州市中产阶层日常活动的时空间特征.人文地理,2017,32(4):45-53.[Dai Dandan,Zhou Chunshan.The spatial-temporal characteristics of middle class daily activities in Guangzhou,China.Human Geography,2017,32(4):45-53.]
[20]安宁,朱竑.后人文主义视角下的中国地缘政治话语研究.地理科学,2018,38(06):838-848.[An Ning,Zhu Hong.Examining Chinese geopolitical discourses under the theoretical framework of Posthumanism.Scientia Geographica Sinica,2018,38(6):838-848.]
[21]刘玉亭,何深静,李志刚.南京城市贫困群体的日常活动时空间结构分析.中国人口科学,2008,(s1):85-93.[Liu Yuting,He Shenjing,Li Zhigang.The spatio-temporal structure analysis of urban poor residents in Nanjing,China.Population Science of China,2008,(s1):85-93.]
[22]兰宗敏,冯健.城中村流动人口日常活动时空间结构:基于北京若干典型城中村的调查.地理科学,2012,32(4):410-417.[Lan Zongmin,Feng Jian.The spatio-temporal structure of migrants'daily activities of village in city:Case of typical villages in city of Beijing,China.Scientia Geographica Sinica,2012,32(4):410-417.]
[23]薛德升,黄耿志.管制之外的“管制”:城中村非正规部门的空间集聚和生存状态:以广州市下渡村为例.地理研究,2008,27(6):1390-1397.[Xue Desheng,Huang Gengzhi.Regulation beyond formal regulation:Spatial gathering and surviving situation of the informal sector in the urban village:Case study of Xiadu,Guangzhou.Geographical Research,2008,27(6):1390-1397.]
[24]张艳,柴彦威.北京城市中低收入者日常活动时空间特征分析.地理科学,2011,31(9):1056-1064.[Zhang Yan,Chai Yanwei.The spatio-temporal activity pattern of the middle and the low-income residents in Beijing,China.Scientia Geographica Sinica,2011,31(9):1056-1064.]
[25]和玉兰,甄峰,朱寿佳,等.网络信息时代女性居民日常活动时空特征研究:以南京市为例.人文地理,2014,29(2):29-34.[He Yulan,Zhen Feng,Zhu Shoujia,et al.The spatio-temporal activity pattern of women in the era of the of network information:A case study of Nanjing.Human Geography,2014,29(2):29-34.]
[26]冯健,项怡之.开发区社区居民日常活动空间研究:以北京经济技术开发区为例.人文地理,2013,28(3):42-50.[Feng Jian,Xiang Yizhi.A study on community residents'daily-activity space in Beijing economic-technological development area.Human Geography,2013,28(3):42-50.]
[27]周素红,邓丽芳.基于T-GIS的广州市居民日常活动时空关系.地理学报,2010,65(12):1454-1463.[Zhou Suhong,Deng Lifang.Spatio-temporal pattern of residents'daily activities based on TGIS:A case study in Guangzhou,China.Acta Geographica Sinica,2010,65(12):1454-1463.]
[28]孙九霞,周一:遗产旅游地居民的地方认同:“碉乡”符号、记忆与空间.地理研究,2015,34(12):2381-2394.[Sun Jiuxia,Zhou Yi.Residents'place identity at heritage sites:Symbols,memories and space of the"Home of Diaolou".Geographical Research,2015,34(12):2381-2394.]
[29]章锦河,汤国荣,胡欢等.文化全球化背景下地理学视角的文化间性研究,地理研究,2018,37(10):2011-2023.[Zhang Jinhe,Tang Guorong,Hu Huan.et al.The intercultural study from geographical perspectives in the context of cultural globalization.Geographical Research,2018,37(10):2011-2023.]
[30]黄震方,黄睿.城镇化与旅游发展背景下的乡村文化研究:学术争鸣与研究方向,地理研究,2018,37(2):233-249.[Huang Zhenfang,Huagn Rui.Research progress on rural culture in the context of rapid urbanization and tourism development:Academic debate and future research prospects.Geographical Research,2018,37(2):233-249.]
(1)异化:是指事物在发展变化中逐步走向对自身的否定。
[2]姜楠.空间研究的“文化转向”与文化研究的“空间转向”.社会科学家,2008,(8):138-140.[Jiang Nan.The cultural turn of space research and the spatial turn of cultural studies.Social Scientist,2008,(8):138-140.]
[3]郭文,杨桂华.民族旅游村寨仪式实践演变中神圣空间的生产:对翁丁佤寨村民日常生活的观察.旅游学刊,2018,33(5):92-103.[Guo Wen,Yang Guihua.Sacred space production on the evolution of ethnic tourism village ritual practices:Based on the observation of Wengding Va Villagers'daily life.Tourism Tribune,2018,33(5):92-103.]
[4]魏雷,孙九霞.少数民族旅游社区现代性的本土化实践:以泸沽湖大落水村为例.旅游学刊,2017,32(10):47-56.[Wei Lei,Sun Jiuxia.Modernity of ethnic minority communities and its indigenous practices:A case study of Luoshui village in Lugu Lake area.Tourism Tribune,2017,32(10):47-56.]
[5]孙九霞,周一.日常生活视野中的旅游社区空间再生产研究:基于列斐伏尔与德塞图的理论视角.地理学报,2014,69(10):1575-1589.[Sun Jiuxia,Zhou Yi.Study on the reproduction of space of tourism community from the perspective of everyday life:Based on theories of Lefebvre and De Certeau.Acta Geographica Sinica,2014,69(10):1575-1589.]
[6]杜芳娟,陈晓亮,朱竑.民族文化重构实践中的身份与地方认同:仡佬族祭祖活动案例.地理科学,2011,31(12):1512-1517.[Du Fangjuan,Chen Xiaoliang,Zhu Hong.Ethnic identity and place identity in the practice of ethnic cultural reconstruction:A case study of official ancestor worship of Gelao Minority in Wuchuan county.Scientia Geographica Sinica,2011,31(12):1512-1517.]
[7]Relph E.Place and Placelessness.London:Pion,1976.
[8]郑震.论日常生活.社会学研究,2013,(1):65-87.[Zhen Zhen.On everyday life.Sociological Studies,2013,(1):65-87.]
[9]赖立里,张慧.如何触碰生活的质感:日常生活研究方法论的四个面向.探索与争鸣,2017,(1):104-110.[Lai Lili,Zhang Hui.How to touch the texture of life:Four aspects of methodology in everyday life research.Exploration and Free Views,2017,(1):104-110.]
[10]衣俊卿,欣文.日常生活批判:一种真正植根于生活世界的文化哲学.学术月刊,2006,(1):150-156.[Yi Junqin,Xinwen.Critique of everyday life:A real cultural philosophy rooted in the world of life.Academic Monthly,2006,(1):150-156.]
[11]衣俊卿.日常生活批判与社会科学范式转换.光明日报,2006-02-14(12).[Yi Junqin.Criticism of everyday life and paradigm shift of social sciences.Guangming Daily,2006-02-14(12).]
[12]刘怀玉.列斐伏尔与20世纪西方的几种日常生活批判倾向.求是学刊,2003,(5):44-50.[Liu Huaiyu.Lefebvre and several critical tendencies of daily life in the west in the 20th century.Seeking Truth,2003,(5):44-50.]
[13]Bissell D.Visualising everyday geographies:Practices of vision through travel-time.Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers,2009,34(1):42-60.
[14]王丰龙,刘云刚.空间的生产研究综述与展望.人文地理,2011,26(2):13-30.[Wang Fenglong,Liu Yungang.A review of researches on the production of space.Human Geography,2011,26(2):13-30.]
[15]叶丹,张京祥.日常生活实践视角下的非正规空间生产研究:以宁波市孔浦街区为例.人文地理,2015,30(5):57-64.[Ye Dan,Zhang Jingxiang.Study on informal space production from the perspective of daily life practice:Take Kongpu district of Ningbo city as an example.Human Geography,2015,30(5):57-64.]
[16]黄耿志,薛德升.1990年以来广州市摊贩空间政治的规训机制.地理学报,2011,66(8):1063-1075.[Huang Gengzhi,Xue Desheng.Geographical journal of the discipline mechanism of space politics for street vendors in Guangzhou since1990.Acta Geographica Sinica,2011,66(8):1063-1075.]
[17]马振华.日常生活视野下的都市空间研究:以武汉市汉正街为例.武汉:华中科技大学博士学位论文,2009.[Ma Zhenha.The research on urban space from the perspective of everyday life a case study on Hanzhengjie of Wuha.WuHan:Doctoral Dissertation of Huazhong University of Seience&Technolog,2009.]
[18]赵雪雁,李东泽,李巍,等.西北地区农村儿童日常生活时空间特征研究.人文地理,2018,33(3):78-88.[Zhao Xueyan,Li Dongze,Liwei,et al.Spatial and temporal characteristics of rural children's daily lives in Northwest China.Human Geography,2018,33(3):78-88.]
[19]代丹丹,周春山.广州市中产阶层日常活动的时空间特征.人文地理,2017,32(4):45-53.[Dai Dandan,Zhou Chunshan.The spatial-temporal characteristics of middle class daily activities in Guangzhou,China.Human Geography,2017,32(4):45-53.]
[20]安宁,朱竑.后人文主义视角下的中国地缘政治话语研究.地理科学,2018,38(06):838-848.[An Ning,Zhu Hong.Examining Chinese geopolitical discourses under the theoretical framework of Posthumanism.Scientia Geographica Sinica,2018,38(6):838-848.]
[21]刘玉亭,何深静,李志刚.南京城市贫困群体的日常活动时空间结构分析.中国人口科学,2008,(s1):85-93.[Liu Yuting,He Shenjing,Li Zhigang.The spatio-temporal structure analysis of urban poor residents in Nanjing,China.Population Science of China,2008,(s1):85-93.]
[22]兰宗敏,冯健.城中村流动人口日常活动时空间结构:基于北京若干典型城中村的调查.地理科学,2012,32(4):410-417.[Lan Zongmin,Feng Jian.The spatio-temporal structure of migrants'daily activities of village in city:Case of typical villages in city of Beijing,China.Scientia Geographica Sinica,2012,32(4):410-417.]
[23]薛德升,黄耿志.管制之外的“管制”:城中村非正规部门的空间集聚和生存状态:以广州市下渡村为例.地理研究,2008,27(6):1390-1397.[Xue Desheng,Huang Gengzhi.Regulation beyond formal regulation:Spatial gathering and surviving situation of the informal sector in the urban village:Case study of Xiadu,Guangzhou.Geographical Research,2008,27(6):1390-1397.]
[24]张艳,柴彦威.北京城市中低收入者日常活动时空间特征分析.地理科学,2011,31(9):1056-1064.[Zhang Yan,Chai Yanwei.The spatio-temporal activity pattern of the middle and the low-income residents in Beijing,China.Scientia Geographica Sinica,2011,31(9):1056-1064.]
[25]和玉兰,甄峰,朱寿佳,等.网络信息时代女性居民日常活动时空特征研究:以南京市为例.人文地理,2014,29(2):29-34.[He Yulan,Zhen Feng,Zhu Shoujia,et al.The spatio-temporal activity pattern of women in the era of the of network information:A case study of Nanjing.Human Geography,2014,29(2):29-34.]
[26]冯健,项怡之.开发区社区居民日常活动空间研究:以北京经济技术开发区为例.人文地理,2013,28(3):42-50.[Feng Jian,Xiang Yizhi.A study on community residents'daily-activity space in Beijing economic-technological development area.Human Geography,2013,28(3):42-50.]
[27]周素红,邓丽芳.基于T-GIS的广州市居民日常活动时空关系.地理学报,2010,65(12):1454-1463.[Zhou Suhong,Deng Lifang.Spatio-temporal pattern of residents'daily activities based on TGIS:A case study in Guangzhou,China.Acta Geographica Sinica,2010,65(12):1454-1463.]
[28]孙九霞,周一:遗产旅游地居民的地方认同:“碉乡”符号、记忆与空间.地理研究,2015,34(12):2381-2394.[Sun Jiuxia,Zhou Yi.Residents'place identity at heritage sites:Symbols,memories and space of the"Home of Diaolou".Geographical Research,2015,34(12):2381-2394.]
[29]章锦河,汤国荣,胡欢等.文化全球化背景下地理学视角的文化间性研究,地理研究,2018,37(10):2011-2023.[Zhang Jinhe,Tang Guorong,Hu Huan.et al.The intercultural study from geographical perspectives in the context of cultural globalization.Geographical Research,2018,37(10):2011-2023.]
[30]黄震方,黄睿.城镇化与旅游发展背景下的乡村文化研究:学术争鸣与研究方向,地理研究,2018,37(2):233-249.[Huang Zhenfang,Huagn Rui.Research progress on rural culture in the context of rapid urbanization and tourism development:Academic debate and future research prospects.Geographical Research,2018,37(2):233-249.]
(1)异化:是指事物在发展变化中逐步走向对自身的否定。