商业广场地下停车场出入口通行能力分析
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摘要
针对地下停车场出入口通行能力低且交通组织混乱,与现代化商业广场的交通需求不相匹配的情况,对地下停车场出入口通行能力问题进行研究。通过分析出入口设置的影响因素,统计车辆流率和行驶速度等具体数据,建立出入口基本单元。提出缓冲时间概念,量化入口处的交通拥挤度。分析表明,地下停车场出入口通行能力与流量和车辆驶入速度存在一定的函数关系,缓冲时间可以看做车辆拥堵前的自我调节时间。
Aiming at the low capacity of entrance and exit of underground parking and the chaotic traffic organization,which does not match the traffic demand of modern commercial square,the problem of entrance and exit capacity of underground parking is studied. By analyzing the influence factors of the entrance and exit setting,the actual investigation,the statistical vehicle flow rate and the driving speed and other specific data,the basic unit of the entrance and exit is established. The concept of buffer time is put forward,and the traffic congestion level at the entrance is quantified. The analysis shows that there is a certain functional relationship between the passageway capacity of underground parking and the flow rate and the vehicle speed,and the buffer time can be regarded as the self-adjustment time before the vehicle congestion.
Aiming at the low capacity of entrance and exit of underground parking and the chaotic traffic organization,which does not match the traffic demand of modern commercial square,the problem of entrance and exit capacity of underground parking is studied. By analyzing the influence factors of the entrance and exit setting,the actual investigation,the statistical vehicle flow rate and the driving speed and other specific data,the basic unit of the entrance and exit is established. The concept of buffer time is put forward,and the traffic congestion level at the entrance is quantified. The analysis shows that there is a certain functional relationship between the passageway capacity of underground parking and the flow rate and the vehicle speed,and the buffer time can be regarded as the self-adjustment time before the vehicle congestion.
引文
[1]范学军.城市交通停车问题研究[D].西安:长安大学,2005.
[2]周健南,李刻铭,吴鹏,等.关于地下停车场建设的思考[J].地下空间,2004,24(3):370-372.ZHOU Jiannan,LI Keming,WU Peng,et al. Thinking about the construction of underground parking lots[J]. Underground Space,2004,24(3):370-372.
[3]刘芳.商业地产开发对于城市空间影响分析——以合肥万达广场为例[D].合肥:合肥工业大学,2012.LIU Fang. The analysis about the effects of commercial real estate development on urban space:taking Wanda Plaza as an example[D]. Hefei:Hefei University of Technology,2012.
[4]丘建栋,黄兆锋,潘嘉杰.基于大数据的项目出入口交通影响实证分析[J].科学技术创新,2018(28):99-101.
[5]陈峻.城市停车设施规划方法研究[D].南京:东南大学,2000.CHEN Jun. Study on urban parking facilities’planning mathods[D]. Nanjing:Southeast University,2000.
[6]李素艳,杨东援,赵娅丽.地下道路出入口交通组织研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2007,3(4):781-786.LI Suyan,YANG Dongyuan,ZHAO Yali. Research on traffic organization at the entrance and exit of urban tunnel[J]. Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2007,3(4):781-786.
[7]张平,陈志龙,郑苦苦.城市地下停车场系统等级划分研究——张家港购物休闲公园地下停车场系统[J].工业建筑,2011,41(增刊1):33-38.ZHANG Ping,CHEN Zhilong,ZHENG Kuku. Study on the classification of urban underground parking system:case of shopping and amusement park underground parking system in Zhangjiagang[J]. Industrial Construction,2011,41(Suppl. 1):33-38.
[8]郭彦云,孙壮志,张秀媛.停车场出入口设计实证研究[J].交通运输系统工程与信息,2011,11(增刊1):208-214.GUO Yanyun,SUN Zhuangzhi,ZHANG Xiuyuan. Empirical study of designing the entrances and the exits of a parking area[J]. Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology,2011,11(Suppl. 1):208-214.
[9]上海市交通委员会,上海市公安局交通警察总队,同济大学.建筑工程交通设计及停车库(场)设置标准:DG/TJ 08-7—2014,J10716—2014[S].上海:同济大学出版社,2014.
[10]陈峻,王炜.城市路外停车场出入口交通组织分析[J].东南大学学报(自然科学版),2004,34(1):100-103.CHEN Jun,WANG Wei. Traffic organization analysis on entrance and exit of off-road parking lot[J]. Journal of Southeast University(Natural Science Edition),2004,34(1):100-103.
[11]熊娟,陈峻,张辉.城市路外停车场出入口接驳处交通调查分析[J].交通科技与经济,2007(6):75-77.XIONG Juan,CHEN Jun,ZHANG Hui. Analysis on the junction of main road and drive way[J]. Technology&Economy in Areas of Communications,2007(6):75-77.
[12]赵晓翠,潘晓东.综合广场交通影响分析若干理念[J].重庆交通大学学报(自然科学版),2009,28(6):1067-1070,1125.ZHAO Xiaocui,PAN Xiaodong. Design concepts in traffic impact analysis of synthetic plaza[J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science),2009,28(6):1067-1070,1125.
[13]李宏.大型商业广场交通影响分析关键技术研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2006.LI Hong. Research on the critical technology about tia before constructing of the huge plaza[D]. Wuhan:Huazhong University of Science and Technology,2006.
[14]王力,刘卫中,洪于亮,等.基于分类交通冲突与微观仿真分析的城市交叉口安全诊断及改善[J].中国安全科学学报,2009,19(2):38-42.WANG Li,LIU Weizhong,HONG Yuliang,et al. Traffic safety diagnosis and its improvement in urban junctions based on classified traffic conflict technology and microsimulation[J]. China Safety Science Journal,2009,19(2):38-42.
[15]范晨鹏,苏继会.浅析城市商业广场与城市交通的整合[J].安徽建筑,2011,18(3):6-7.FAN Chenpeng,SU Jihui. Analysis of the integration of urban commercial square and urban transport[J]. Anhui Architecture,2011,18(3):6-7.
[16]邓社军,叶晓飞,陈峻.路外停车驶入对出入口交通流影响模型[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2016,48(3):101-107.DENG Shejun,YE Xiaofei,CHEN Jun. A model to describe the influence of the traffic flow on the main road due to off-street parking at the section of access[J]. Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2016,48(3):101-107.
[17]张有利.基于ETC技术的停车场智能门禁管理系统[J].数字技术与应用,2018,36(3):36,38.ZHANG Youli. Parking access intelligent access control management system based on ETC technology[J]. Digital Technology&Application,2018,36(3):36,38.
[18]美国交通研究委员会.道路通行能力手册[M].任福田,刘小明,荣建,等译.北京:人民交通出版社,2007.
[19]万长明,刘罡.高速公路道路服务水平的模糊综合评判方法研究[J].科技经济市场,2010(12):11-12.
[20]唐伯明,王卫军,刘唐志,等.停车场建设规模对道路通行能力影响的分析[J].重庆交通大学学报(自然科学版),2016,35(2):100-104.TANG Boming,WANG Weijun,LIU Tangzhi,et al. Analysis of impact of parking construction scale on road capacity[J].Jounal of Chongqing Jiaotong Univesity(Natual Science),2016,35(2):100-104.
[21]刘澜,马亚峰.基于出入流率的交通拥挤量化研究[J].公路交通科技,2013,30(3):111-117,124.LIU Lan,MA Yafeng. Traffic congestion measurement based on inflow and outflow rates[J]. Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2013,30(3):111-117,124.
[22]叱诚,潘晓东,陈丽烨.城市商业广场地下停车场交通设计若干理念[J].交通科学与工程,2011,27(1):94-100.CHI Cheng,PAN Xiaodong,CHEN Liye. Traffic design concepts in underground parking of large-scale commercial plaza on urban[J]. Journal of Transport Science and Engineering,2011,27(1):94-100.
[23]张小涛.超大型多层地下停车库交通组织研究[J].科技创新与应用,2013(21):291-292.
[24]米思颖,姚儒君.道路通行能力分析在设计中的应用[J].山西交通科技,2015(02):76-78.MI Siying,YAO Rujun. The application of road traffic capacity analysis in the design[J]. Shanxi Science&Technology of Communications,2015(2):76-78.
[25]周凤耀,卜伶俐,曾菲圆,邱小平.城市道路通行能力的研究现状及发展趋势[J].公路与汽运,2013(1):32-36.
[2]周健南,李刻铭,吴鹏,等.关于地下停车场建设的思考[J].地下空间,2004,24(3):370-372.ZHOU Jiannan,LI Keming,WU Peng,et al. Thinking about the construction of underground parking lots[J]. Underground Space,2004,24(3):370-372.
[3]刘芳.商业地产开发对于城市空间影响分析——以合肥万达广场为例[D].合肥:合肥工业大学,2012.LIU Fang. The analysis about the effects of commercial real estate development on urban space:taking Wanda Plaza as an example[D]. Hefei:Hefei University of Technology,2012.
[4]丘建栋,黄兆锋,潘嘉杰.基于大数据的项目出入口交通影响实证分析[J].科学技术创新,2018(28):99-101.
[5]陈峻.城市停车设施规划方法研究[D].南京:东南大学,2000.CHEN Jun. Study on urban parking facilities’planning mathods[D]. Nanjing:Southeast University,2000.
[6]李素艳,杨东援,赵娅丽.地下道路出入口交通组织研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2007,3(4):781-786.LI Suyan,YANG Dongyuan,ZHAO Yali. Research on traffic organization at the entrance and exit of urban tunnel[J]. Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2007,3(4):781-786.
[7]张平,陈志龙,郑苦苦.城市地下停车场系统等级划分研究——张家港购物休闲公园地下停车场系统[J].工业建筑,2011,41(增刊1):33-38.ZHANG Ping,CHEN Zhilong,ZHENG Kuku. Study on the classification of urban underground parking system:case of shopping and amusement park underground parking system in Zhangjiagang[J]. Industrial Construction,2011,41(Suppl. 1):33-38.
[8]郭彦云,孙壮志,张秀媛.停车场出入口设计实证研究[J].交通运输系统工程与信息,2011,11(增刊1):208-214.GUO Yanyun,SUN Zhuangzhi,ZHANG Xiuyuan. Empirical study of designing the entrances and the exits of a parking area[J]. Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology,2011,11(Suppl. 1):208-214.
[9]上海市交通委员会,上海市公安局交通警察总队,同济大学.建筑工程交通设计及停车库(场)设置标准:DG/TJ 08-7—2014,J10716—2014[S].上海:同济大学出版社,2014.
[10]陈峻,王炜.城市路外停车场出入口交通组织分析[J].东南大学学报(自然科学版),2004,34(1):100-103.CHEN Jun,WANG Wei. Traffic organization analysis on entrance and exit of off-road parking lot[J]. Journal of Southeast University(Natural Science Edition),2004,34(1):100-103.
[11]熊娟,陈峻,张辉.城市路外停车场出入口接驳处交通调查分析[J].交通科技与经济,2007(6):75-77.XIONG Juan,CHEN Jun,ZHANG Hui. Analysis on the junction of main road and drive way[J]. Technology&Economy in Areas of Communications,2007(6):75-77.
[12]赵晓翠,潘晓东.综合广场交通影响分析若干理念[J].重庆交通大学学报(自然科学版),2009,28(6):1067-1070,1125.ZHAO Xiaocui,PAN Xiaodong. Design concepts in traffic impact analysis of synthetic plaza[J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science),2009,28(6):1067-1070,1125.
[13]李宏.大型商业广场交通影响分析关键技术研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2006.LI Hong. Research on the critical technology about tia before constructing of the huge plaza[D]. Wuhan:Huazhong University of Science and Technology,2006.
[14]王力,刘卫中,洪于亮,等.基于分类交通冲突与微观仿真分析的城市交叉口安全诊断及改善[J].中国安全科学学报,2009,19(2):38-42.WANG Li,LIU Weizhong,HONG Yuliang,et al. Traffic safety diagnosis and its improvement in urban junctions based on classified traffic conflict technology and microsimulation[J]. China Safety Science Journal,2009,19(2):38-42.
[15]范晨鹏,苏继会.浅析城市商业广场与城市交通的整合[J].安徽建筑,2011,18(3):6-7.FAN Chenpeng,SU Jihui. Analysis of the integration of urban commercial square and urban transport[J]. Anhui Architecture,2011,18(3):6-7.
[16]邓社军,叶晓飞,陈峻.路外停车驶入对出入口交通流影响模型[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2016,48(3):101-107.DENG Shejun,YE Xiaofei,CHEN Jun. A model to describe the influence of the traffic flow on the main road due to off-street parking at the section of access[J]. Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2016,48(3):101-107.
[17]张有利.基于ETC技术的停车场智能门禁管理系统[J].数字技术与应用,2018,36(3):36,38.ZHANG Youli. Parking access intelligent access control management system based on ETC technology[J]. Digital Technology&Application,2018,36(3):36,38.
[18]美国交通研究委员会.道路通行能力手册[M].任福田,刘小明,荣建,等译.北京:人民交通出版社,2007.
[19]万长明,刘罡.高速公路道路服务水平的模糊综合评判方法研究[J].科技经济市场,2010(12):11-12.
[20]唐伯明,王卫军,刘唐志,等.停车场建设规模对道路通行能力影响的分析[J].重庆交通大学学报(自然科学版),2016,35(2):100-104.TANG Boming,WANG Weijun,LIU Tangzhi,et al. Analysis of impact of parking construction scale on road capacity[J].Jounal of Chongqing Jiaotong Univesity(Natual Science),2016,35(2):100-104.
[21]刘澜,马亚峰.基于出入流率的交通拥挤量化研究[J].公路交通科技,2013,30(3):111-117,124.LIU Lan,MA Yafeng. Traffic congestion measurement based on inflow and outflow rates[J]. Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2013,30(3):111-117,124.
[22]叱诚,潘晓东,陈丽烨.城市商业广场地下停车场交通设计若干理念[J].交通科学与工程,2011,27(1):94-100.CHI Cheng,PAN Xiaodong,CHEN Liye. Traffic design concepts in underground parking of large-scale commercial plaza on urban[J]. Journal of Transport Science and Engineering,2011,27(1):94-100.
[23]张小涛.超大型多层地下停车库交通组织研究[J].科技创新与应用,2013(21):291-292.
[24]米思颖,姚儒君.道路通行能力分析在设计中的应用[J].山西交通科技,2015(02):76-78.MI Siying,YAO Rujun. The application of road traffic capacity analysis in the design[J]. Shanxi Science&Technology of Communications,2015(2):76-78.
[25]周凤耀,卜伶俐,曾菲圆,邱小平.城市道路通行能力的研究现状及发展趋势[J].公路与汽运,2013(1):32-36.