基于流程图的嵌入式软件能耗模型
|
摘要
采用基于流程图的能耗模型对嵌入式软件的能耗进行估计,首先以流程图分析C语言程序流,对于流程图中无法体现的能耗以修正值的形式进行补偿,最终建立软件能耗模型。为了验证该模型的可行性,给出实际电路测量方法。实验结果表明,在ADSP21375硬件平台下,该模型软件能耗估计值和实际测量值的误差较小。该方法可以使软件设计者在系统开发初期对能耗进行估计,便于设计合理的程序语句对系统能耗进行优化。
An energy consumption model based on the program flowchart is applied to estimate the energy consumption of the embedded software in this paper.The program flowchart which represents the C program is used to analyze and model the software energy consumption.We firstly use the flowchart to analyze the C program.For the program parts which can't reflect in the flowchart,we adopt a correction value to compensate the relative energy consumption and finally achieve the energy consumption model.In order to verify the feasibility of the model,the measure method based on the hardware is presented.The experiment shows that the error between the model estimated value and the measured value of the software energy consumption is small under the platform ADSP21375.The method can be applied in the early design phase to estimate the energy consumption with the purpose to select the reasonable program statements and optimize the total energy consumption.
An energy consumption model based on the program flowchart is applied to estimate the energy consumption of the embedded software in this paper.The program flowchart which represents the C program is used to analyze and model the software energy consumption.We firstly use the flowchart to analyze the C program.For the program parts which can't reflect in the flowchart,we adopt a correction value to compensate the relative energy consumption and finally achieve the energy consumption model.In order to verify the feasibility of the model,the measure method based on the hardware is presented.The experiment shows that the error between the model estimated value and the measured value of the software energy consumption is small under the platform ADSP21375.The method can be applied in the early design phase to estimate the energy consumption with the purpose to select the reasonable program statements and optimize the total energy consumption.
引文
[1]BAZZAZ M,SALEHI M,EJLALI A.An accurate instruction-level energy estimation model and tool for embedded systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement,2013,62(7):1927-1934.
[2]赵霞,郭耀,雷志勇,等.基于模拟器的嵌入式操作系统能耗估算与分析[J].电子学报,2007,36(02):209-215.
[3]CALLOU G,MACIEL P,TAVARES E,et al.Energy consumption and execution time estimation of embedded system applications[J].Microprocessors and Microsystems,2011,35(4):426-440.
[4]TIWARI V,MALIK S,WOLFE A.Power analysis of embedded software:a first step towards software power minimization[J].IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration Systems,1994,2(4):437-445.
[5]KONSTANTAKOS V,CHZTZIGEORGIOU A,NIKOLAIDIS S,et al.Energy consumption estimation in embedded systems[J].IEEE Transactions on instrumentation and measurement,2008,57(4):797-804.
[6]HEINRICH P,BERGLER H,OSWALD E.Early Energy Estimation of Networked Embedded Systems Executing Concurrent Software Components[J].International Journal of Modeling&Optimization,2015,5(2):119-127.
[7]SENN E,JULIEN N,LAURENT J,et al.Power consumption estimation of a C program for data-intensive applications[C]//International Workshop on Power and Timing Modeling,Optimization and Simulation.Springer Berlin Heidelberg,2002:332-341.
[8]RUBERG P,LASS K,ELLERVEE P.Microcontroller energy consumption estimation based on software analysis for embedded systems[C]//Nordic Circuits and Systems Conference:NORCHIP&International Symposium on System-on-Chip,IEEE,2015:1-4.
[9]祝义,周航,肖芳雄.一种嵌入式实时系统软件能耗建模与分析的方法[C]//第十一届全国软件与应用学术会议.2012:848-855.
[2]赵霞,郭耀,雷志勇,等.基于模拟器的嵌入式操作系统能耗估算与分析[J].电子学报,2007,36(02):209-215.
[3]CALLOU G,MACIEL P,TAVARES E,et al.Energy consumption and execution time estimation of embedded system applications[J].Microprocessors and Microsystems,2011,35(4):426-440.
[4]TIWARI V,MALIK S,WOLFE A.Power analysis of embedded software:a first step towards software power minimization[J].IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration Systems,1994,2(4):437-445.
[5]KONSTANTAKOS V,CHZTZIGEORGIOU A,NIKOLAIDIS S,et al.Energy consumption estimation in embedded systems[J].IEEE Transactions on instrumentation and measurement,2008,57(4):797-804.
[6]HEINRICH P,BERGLER H,OSWALD E.Early Energy Estimation of Networked Embedded Systems Executing Concurrent Software Components[J].International Journal of Modeling&Optimization,2015,5(2):119-127.
[7]SENN E,JULIEN N,LAURENT J,et al.Power consumption estimation of a C program for data-intensive applications[C]//International Workshop on Power and Timing Modeling,Optimization and Simulation.Springer Berlin Heidelberg,2002:332-341.
[8]RUBERG P,LASS K,ELLERVEE P.Microcontroller energy consumption estimation based on software analysis for embedded systems[C]//Nordic Circuits and Systems Conference:NORCHIP&International Symposium on System-on-Chip,IEEE,2015:1-4.
[9]祝义,周航,肖芳雄.一种嵌入式实时系统软件能耗建模与分析的方法[C]//第十一届全国软件与应用学术会议.2012:848-855.