基于核磁共振技术的致密储集层静态渗吸规律
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摘要
中国致密油资源丰富,经济价值巨大,但因其储集层渗透率低、孔隙度小,致使其开发难度大,以毛细管力作用为基础的渗吸成为这类储集层的有效开采机理。基于核磁共振技术,阐明了流体在致密岩心中的静态渗吸流动规律。利用核磁实验的T2谱和成像图,研究了岩心渗透率、岩心长度和单向渗吸3个因素对静态渗吸采出程度的影响,并观测了流体在岩心中的二维空间流动和分布。通过对比,核磁共振实验T2谱法获得的渗吸采出程度与质量法获得的渗吸采出程度具有较高的一致性,从而验证了利用核磁共振实验研究致密储集层渗吸规律的适用性,为致密油开发提供可靠的理论依据。
China's tight oil resources are rich in reserves and have huge economic value, but it is difficult to develop due to the features oflow permeability and low porosity of tight oil reservoirs. The spontaneous imbibition principle based on capillary pressure becomes an effec-tive production mechanism for such reservoirs. Combining with nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) experiments, the paper clarifies thespontaneous imbibition flow law of fluids in tight core, studies the influences of core permeability, core length and one-way imbibition onthe recovery percent of spontaneous imbibition based on T_2 spectrum and imaging maps obtained from the nuclear magnetic experiment,and observes 2D fluid flowing and distribution in the core. The comparison result shows that the recovery percent of spontaneous imbibitionobtained from T_2 spectrum is consistent with that obtained from the mass method, which verifies the applicability using NMR experimentsto study tight reservoir spontaneous imbibition and provides a reliable theoretical basis for tight oil development.
China's tight oil resources are rich in reserves and have huge economic value, but it is difficult to develop due to the features oflow permeability and low porosity of tight oil reservoirs. The spontaneous imbibition principle based on capillary pressure becomes an effec-tive production mechanism for such reservoirs. Combining with nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) experiments, the paper clarifies thespontaneous imbibition flow law of fluids in tight core, studies the influences of core permeability, core length and one-way imbibition onthe recovery percent of spontaneous imbibition based on T_2 spectrum and imaging maps obtained from the nuclear magnetic experiment,and observes 2D fluid flowing and distribution in the core. The comparison result shows that the recovery percent of spontaneous imbibitionobtained from T_2 spectrum is consistent with that obtained from the mass method, which verifies the applicability using NMR experimentsto study tight reservoir spontaneous imbibition and provides a reliable theoretical basis for tight oil development.
引文
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[12]沈安琪,刘义坤,邱晓惠,等.表面活性剂提高致密油藏渗吸采收率研究[J].油田化学,2016,33(4):696-699.SHEN Anqi,LIU Yikun,QIU Xiaohui,et al.Improvement of spontaneous imbibition oil recovery in tight oil reservoir by surfactants[J].Oilfield Chemistry,2016,33(4):696-699.
[13]UNSAL E,MASON G,MORROW N R,et al.Co-current and counter-current imbibition in independent tubes of non-axisymmetric geometry[J].Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,2007,306(1):105-117.
[14]BOURBIAUX B,KALAYJIAN F.Experimental study of co-current and counter-current flows in natural porous media[J].Society of Petroleum Engineers Journal,1990,5(3):361-368.
[15]MA S,ZHANG X,MORROW N R,et al.Characterization of wettability from spontaneous imbibition measurements[J].Canadian Petroleum Technology,1999,38(13):1-8.
[2]孙志刚,贾丽华,张礼臻,等.核磁共振技术在低渗低黏油层孔隙结构评价中的应用[J].新疆石油地质,2017,38(6):735-739.SUN Zhigang,JIA Lihua,ZHANG Lizhen,et al.Application of NMR technology in pore structure evaluation for low-permeability and low-viscosity oil reservoirs[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2017,38(6):735-739.
[3]罗少成,成志刚,林伟川,等.基于核磁共振测井的致密砂岩储层孔喉空间有效性定量评价[J].油气地质与采收率,2015,22(3):16-21.LUO Shaocheng,CHENG Zhigang,LIN Weichuan,et al.Quantitative evaluation of the effectiveness of pore-throat space in tight sandstone reservoirs based on nuclear magnetic resonance log[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2015,22(3):16-21.
[4]程志林,王庆,宁正福,等.基于NMR技术研究边界条件对致密砂岩油水、气水系统渗吸的影响[J].石油科学通报,2018,3(3):272-283.CHENG Zhilin,WANG Qing,NING Zhengfu,et al.Effect of boundary conditions on spontaneous imbibition in oil-water and gas-water systems for tight sandstone using NMR[J].Petroleum Science Bulletin,2018,3(3):272-283.
[5]白松涛,程道解,万金彬,等.砂岩岩石核磁共振T2谱定量表征[J].石油学报,2016,37(3):382-391.BAI Songtao,CHENG Daojie,WAN Jinbin,et al.Quantitative characterization of sandstone rocks by NMR T2spectra[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(3):382-391.
[6]毛锐,许琳,房涛,等.核磁共振测井在低渗砾岩储集层评价中的应用--以玛湖凹陷下三叠统百口泉组为例[J].新疆石油地质,2018,39(1):114-118.MAO Rui,XU Lin,FANG Tao,et al.Application of NMR technology in evaluation of low-permeability conglomerate reservoirs:a case study from the Lower Triassic Baikouquan formation in Mahu sag[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2018,39(1):114-118.
[7]濮御,王秀宇,濮玲.静态渗吸对致密油开采效果的影响及其应用[J].石油化工高等学校学报,2016,29(3):23-27.PU Yu,WANG Xiuyu,PU Ling.Effect of spontaneous imbibition on tight reservoirs[J].Journal of Petrochemical Universities,2016,29(3):23-27.
[8]华方奇,宫长路,熊伟,等.低渗透砂岩油藏渗吸规律研究[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2003,22(3):50-52.HUA Fangqi,GONG Changlu,XIONG Wei,et al.Low permeability sandstone reservoir imbibition law research[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2003,22(3):50-52.
[9]蔡建超,郁伯铭.多孔介质自发渗吸研究进展[J].力学进展,2012,42(6):735-754.CAI Jianchao,YU Boming.Advances in studies of spontaneous imbibition in porous media[J].Advances in Mechanics,2012,42(6):735-754.
[10]POOLADIDARVISH M,FIROOZABADI A.Water injection in fractured/layered porous media.Co-current and counter-current imbibition in a water-wet matrix block.Quarterly report,January 1-March31,1996[J].Office of Scientific&Technical Information Technical Reports,1996.
[11]TAKAHASHI S,KOVSCEK A R,et al.Wettability estimation of low-permeability,siliceous shale using surface forces[J].Journal of Petroleum Science&Engineering,2010,75(1-2):33-43.
[12]沈安琪,刘义坤,邱晓惠,等.表面活性剂提高致密油藏渗吸采收率研究[J].油田化学,2016,33(4):696-699.SHEN Anqi,LIU Yikun,QIU Xiaohui,et al.Improvement of spontaneous imbibition oil recovery in tight oil reservoir by surfactants[J].Oilfield Chemistry,2016,33(4):696-699.
[13]UNSAL E,MASON G,MORROW N R,et al.Co-current and counter-current imbibition in independent tubes of non-axisymmetric geometry[J].Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,2007,306(1):105-117.
[14]BOURBIAUX B,KALAYJIAN F.Experimental study of co-current and counter-current flows in natural porous media[J].Society of Petroleum Engineers Journal,1990,5(3):361-368.
[15]MA S,ZHANG X,MORROW N R,et al.Characterization of wettability from spontaneous imbibition measurements[J].Canadian Petroleum Technology,1999,38(13):1-8.