铜渣转底炉直接还原回收铁锌工艺研究
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摘要
为解决国内某铜渣的开发利用问题,以兰炭为还原剂、白云石为添加剂,采用模拟转底炉直接还原—磨矿—磁选工艺,对有价元素铁、锌的回收及杂质硫的脱除进行了研究。结果表明:在兰炭用量为25%,白云石用量为10%,还原温度为1 300℃,还原时间为35 min情况下,直接还原过程的锌脱除率为99.14%,可获得ZnO含量为79.59%的氧化锌粉,金属化球团经磨矿、磁选后,获得了铁品位为92.79%、铁回收率为88.12%、硫含量为0.08%的金属铁粉。机理分析表明,铜渣中的铁橄榄石、磁铁矿相大部分已转变为金属铁相,金属铁颗粒明显聚集长大,最大粒度超过100μm,且与脉石矿物等存在清晰平滑的界面,有利于后续磨矿、磁选工序得到高品位的金属铁粉。
In order to solve the problem of development and utilization of a copper slag in China,the recovery of valuable element iron and zinc,and as well as the removal of impurity sulfur were studied by direct reduction-grinding magnetic separation process in simulated rotary hearth furnace with semi-coke as reducing agent and dolomite as additive. The results showed that the removal rate of zinc in direct reduction process was 99.14%,the ZnO content was 79.59% in zinc oxide powder under the conditions of 25% semi-coke,10% dolomite,1 300 ℃ reduction temperature and 35 minutes reduction time,and the metallic iron powder with 92.79% iron grade and 0.08% sulfur content was obtained with an iron recovery of 88.12%by grinding and magnetic separation from metallized pellets. The mechanism analysis showed that most of the iron-bearing minerals in copper slag had been transformed into metallic iron phases,which presented obvious aggregation and growth. The maximum metal iron particles could reach more than 100 microns,and there was a clear edge between the iron and gangue minerals,which would be propitious to obtain high-grade metallic iron powder by subsequent grinding and magnetic separation processes.
In order to solve the problem of development and utilization of a copper slag in China,the recovery of valuable element iron and zinc,and as well as the removal of impurity sulfur were studied by direct reduction-grinding magnetic separation process in simulated rotary hearth furnace with semi-coke as reducing agent and dolomite as additive. The results showed that the removal rate of zinc in direct reduction process was 99.14%,the ZnO content was 79.59% in zinc oxide powder under the conditions of 25% semi-coke,10% dolomite,1 300 ℃ reduction temperature and 35 minutes reduction time,and the metallic iron powder with 92.79% iron grade and 0.08% sulfur content was obtained with an iron recovery of 88.12%by grinding and magnetic separation from metallized pellets. The mechanism analysis showed that most of the iron-bearing minerals in copper slag had been transformed into metallic iron phases,which presented obvious aggregation and growth. The maximum metal iron particles could reach more than 100 microns,and there was a clear edge between the iron and gangue minerals,which would be propitious to obtain high-grade metallic iron powder by subsequent grinding and magnetic separation processes.
引文
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[12]Brindha D,Nagan S.Utilization of copper slag as a partial replacement of fine aggregate in concrete[J].International Journal of Earth Sciences&Engineering,2013(4):579-585.
[13]Alpa I,Deveci H,Sungun H.Utilization of flotation wastes of copper slag as raw material in cement production[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2008(2/3):390-395.
[14]刘然,张欣媛,吕庆.转底炉炼铁工艺的发展和应用[J].材料导报,2014(10):36-40.Liu Ran,Zhang Xinyuan,Lyu Qing.Development and application of rotary hearth furnace ironmaking technology[J].Materials Review,2014(10):36-40.
[15]王爽,倪文,王长龙,等.铜尾渣深度还原回收铁工艺研究[J].金属矿山,2014(3):156-160.Wang Shuang,Ni Wen,Wang Changlong,et al.Study of deep reduction process for iron recovery from copper slag tailings[J].Metal Mine,2014(3):156-160.
[16]黄希祜.钢铁冶金原理[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2013.Huang Xihu.Principle of Iron and Steel Metallurgy[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2013.
[2]曹志成,孙体昌,吴道洪,等.转底炉直接还原铜渣回收铁、锌技术[J].材料与冶金学报,2017(1):38-41.Cao Zhicheng,Sun Tichang,Wu Daohong,et al.Technology of recovery of iron and zinc from copper slag by RHF direct reduction[J].Journal of Materials and Metallurgy,2017(1):38-41.
[3]许冬,春铁军,陈锦安.铜渣高温快速还原焙烧-磁选回收铁的研究[J].矿冶工程,2017(1):89-95.Xu Dong,Chun Tiejun,Chen Jinan.Iron recovery from copper slag by a combined technique of high-temperature reduction roasting and magnetic separation[J].Mining and Metallurgical Engineering,2017(1):89-95.
[4]朱茂兰,熊家春,胡志彪,等.铜渣中铜铁资源化利用研究进展[J].有色冶金设计与研究,2016(2):15-17Zhu Maolan,Xiong Jiachun,Hu Zhibiao,et al.Research progress in resource utilization of iron and copper in copper smelting slag[J].Nonferrous Metals Engineering&Research,2016(2):15-17.
[5]赵凯,宫晓然,李杰,等.直接还原法回收铜渣中铁、铜和锌的热力学[J].环境工程学报,2016(5):2638-2646.Zhao Kai,Gong Xiaoran,Li Jie,et al.Thermodynamics of recovering iron,copper,zinc in copper slag by direct reduction method[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2016(5):2638-2646.
[6]杨慧芬,袁运波,张露,等.铜渣中铁铜组分回收利用现状及建议[J].金属矿山,2012(5):165-168.Yang Huifen,Yuan Yunbo,Zhang Lu,et al.Present situation and proposed method of recycling iron and copper from copper slag[J].Metal Mine,2012(5):165-168.
[7]廖曾丽,唐谱,张波,等.铜渣在中低温下氧化改性的实验研究[J].中国有色冶金,2012(2):74-78.Liao Zengli,Tang Pu,Zhang Bo,et al.Experimental study on oxidation modification of copper slag middle-low temperature[J].China Nonferrous Metallurgy,2012(2):74-78.
[8]Tran L,Palacios J,Sanches M.Recovery of molybdenum from copper slag[J].Tetsu to Hagane-Journal of the Iron and Steel Institute of Japan,2012(2):48-54.
[9]杨椿,余洪.从铜冶炼渣中回收铁的试验研究[J].矿产综合利用,2014(5):55-58.Yang Chun,Yu Hong.Experimental study of recovery of iron from copper smelting slag[J].Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources,2014(5):55-58.
[10]郑锡联,林鸿汉.某铜冶炼渣选铜尾矿的综合利用研究[J].矿业研究与开发,2015(6):27-29.Zheng Xilian,Lin Honghan.Research on Comprehensive Utilization of Copper Tailings from a Copper Smelting Slag[J].Mining Research and Development,2015(6):27-29.
[11]秦守婉,申建军,吴春丽.熔渣、铜矿渣在水泥生产中的应用研究[J].硅酸盐通报,2013(4):572-582.Qin Shouwan,Shen Jianjun,Wu Chunli.Utilization of blast furnace slag,copper slag in the production of clinker[J].Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2013(4):572-582.
[12]Brindha D,Nagan S.Utilization of copper slag as a partial replacement of fine aggregate in concrete[J].International Journal of Earth Sciences&Engineering,2013(4):579-585.
[13]Alpa I,Deveci H,Sungun H.Utilization of flotation wastes of copper slag as raw material in cement production[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2008(2/3):390-395.
[14]刘然,张欣媛,吕庆.转底炉炼铁工艺的发展和应用[J].材料导报,2014(10):36-40.Liu Ran,Zhang Xinyuan,Lyu Qing.Development and application of rotary hearth furnace ironmaking technology[J].Materials Review,2014(10):36-40.
[15]王爽,倪文,王长龙,等.铜尾渣深度还原回收铁工艺研究[J].金属矿山,2014(3):156-160.Wang Shuang,Ni Wen,Wang Changlong,et al.Study of deep reduction process for iron recovery from copper slag tailings[J].Metal Mine,2014(3):156-160.
[16]黄希祜.钢铁冶金原理[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2013.Huang Xihu.Principle of Iron and Steel Metallurgy[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2013.
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