山区机场高填方边坡桩–锚–加筋土组合结构协同工作性能优化研究
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摘要
山区机场高填方边坡的变形失稳是目前机场研究的热点和难点,特别是边坡治理联合支挡结构的协同变形工作机能是当下尚未解决的难题之一。以攀枝花机场12~#高填方为例,基于原设计锚索–抗滑桩–加筋土挡墙治理方案,运用BIM技术进行模型设计,达成三维可视化分析。以后排桩顶部增设垫层优化为研究对象,结合有限元计算,开展试验研究,对比分析垫层对控制填土内部塑性协同变形发展及综合支护体系的影响。研究表明:(1)将勘察数据等场地基本岩土工程参数和信息概化整合进BIM模型,不仅实现地质勘查最可能的接近现场实际,确保地层参数的科学性和准确性,而且有效解决了任意断面剖切设计计算的困扰,达成了复杂条件下空间碰撞检测的效果。(2)因后排抗滑桩与填土刚度不匹配,导致高填方情况下在填土内部形成从桩顶延伸至坡面的塑性剪切带,影响填土内部的稳定性、出现沉降差异,而垫层优化设计很好地解决了变形不协同的难题。(3)垫层对体系的影响主要体现在抗滑桩的性能发挥上,前排桩对垫层的整体响应更加敏感,设计宜鼓励增设垫层,强化后排桩剪力设计。(4)随着填土填筑高度的增加,加筋土部分表现外部稳定性问题,非加筋土表现为沉降问题,后排桩的存在加剧了坡体的外部变形可能性,刚度不匹配问题成为焦点。
The problem of deformation and instability of high-filled slopes in mountainous airports is a hotspot and a difficult point in airport research. Especially,the cooperative deformation mechanism of the combined support structure of slopes is one of the unsolved problems. In this paper,taking the #12 high fill of Panzhihua Airport as an example,3D visualization analysis was carried out based on the original design of the anchor cable-anti-slide pile-reinforced soil retaining wall treatment plan and by using BIM technology to design the model. Finite element simulation and experimental test were performed to analyze the influence of the cushion layer at the top of the pile on cooperative plastic deformation of the filling soil and the compound support system. Research results show that integrating the basic geotechnical parameters and information generalization of the survey data into the BIM model not only realizes the geological exploration most likely to be close to the actual site to ensure the scientificity and accuracy of the stratum parameters but also effectively solves the calculation of the arbitrary section cut design,and that space collision detection under complex conditions can be conducted effectively. It is pointed out that the development of BIM and finite element software interface program and the optimization of landslide engineering survey and design software for finite element calculation will become a new category to be improved. The mismatch between the rear anti-slide pile stiffness and the filling stiffness results in a plastic shear band inside the filling soil extending from the top of the pile to the slope in the case of high filling,which leads to settlement difference and stability problem of the filling soil. The cushion optimization design can well solve the problem of deformation non-coordination and provide an effective reference for similar engineering management.The influence of the cushion on the support system is mainly reflected in the performance of the anti-slide pile.Due to that the front pile is more sensitive to the overall response of the cushion,it is suggested to additionally set cushions to strengthen the shear force design of the rear pile. With increasing the fill height,the reinforced soil shows the external stability problem while the non-reinforced soil shows the settlement problem. The existence of the rear pile enlarges the possibility of external deformation of the slope due to the mismatch of the stiffness.
The problem of deformation and instability of high-filled slopes in mountainous airports is a hotspot and a difficult point in airport research. Especially,the cooperative deformation mechanism of the combined support structure of slopes is one of the unsolved problems. In this paper,taking the #12 high fill of Panzhihua Airport as an example,3D visualization analysis was carried out based on the original design of the anchor cable-anti-slide pile-reinforced soil retaining wall treatment plan and by using BIM technology to design the model. Finite element simulation and experimental test were performed to analyze the influence of the cushion layer at the top of the pile on cooperative plastic deformation of the filling soil and the compound support system. Research results show that integrating the basic geotechnical parameters and information generalization of the survey data into the BIM model not only realizes the geological exploration most likely to be close to the actual site to ensure the scientificity and accuracy of the stratum parameters but also effectively solves the calculation of the arbitrary section cut design,and that space collision detection under complex conditions can be conducted effectively. It is pointed out that the development of BIM and finite element software interface program and the optimization of landslide engineering survey and design software for finite element calculation will become a new category to be improved. The mismatch between the rear anti-slide pile stiffness and the filling stiffness results in a plastic shear band inside the filling soil extending from the top of the pile to the slope in the case of high filling,which leads to settlement difference and stability problem of the filling soil. The cushion optimization design can well solve the problem of deformation non-coordination and provide an effective reference for similar engineering management.The influence of the cushion on the support system is mainly reflected in the performance of the anti-slide pile.Due to that the front pile is more sensitive to the overall response of the cushion,it is suggested to additionally set cushions to strengthen the shear force design of the rear pile. With increasing the fill height,the reinforced soil shows the external stability problem while the non-reinforced soil shows the settlement problem. The existence of the rear pile enlarges the possibility of external deformation of the slope due to the mismatch of the stiffness.
引文
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[9]李天斌,刘吉,任洋,等.预加固高填方边坡的滑动机制:攀枝花机场12#滑坡[J].工程地质学报,2012,20(5):723-731.(LITianbin,LIU Ji,REN Yang,et al.Sliding mechanism of pre-reinforced high-fill slope:Panzhihua Airport#12 landslide[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2012,20(5):723-731.(in Chinese))
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[14]杨校辉,朱彦鹏,周勇,等.山区机场高填方边坡滑移过程时空监测与稳定性分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(增2):3 977-3 990.(YANG Xiaohui,ZHU Yanpeng,ZHOU Yong,et al.Spatio-temporal monitoring and stability analysis of high fill slope slip in mountainous airports[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2016,35(Supp.2):3 977-3 990.(in Chinese))
[15]伍伟林.预应力锚索抗滑桩加固边坡的计算与应用[[硕士学位论文][D].广州:华南理工大学,2010.(WU Weilin.Calculation and application of pre-stressed anchor anti-slide pile reinforcement slope[M.S.Thesis][D].Guangzhou:South China University of Technology,2010.(in Chinese))
[16]乔莉.桩、锚协同作用的预应力锚索抗滑桩设计及程序开发[硕士学位论文][D].武汉:中国地质大学,2007.(QIAO Li.Design and program development of prestressed anchor cable anti-slide piles with pile and anchor cooperating[M.S.Thesis][D].Wuhan:China University of Geosciences,2007.(in Chinese))
[17]CARPI A,LINDBERG S.E.Application of a teflon?dynamic flux chamber for quantifying soil mercury flux:Tests and results over background soil[J].Atmospheric Environment,1998,32(5):873-882.
[18]KIM B S,SHIBUYA S,PARK S W,et al.Suction stress and its application on unsaturated direct shear test under constant volume condition[J].Engineering Geology,2013,155:10-18.
[19]蒋金明.排水松木桩处理软土地基室内模型试验[硕士学位论文]][D].抚州:东华理工大学,2016.(JIANG Jinming.Drainage pine piles for indoor model tests of soft soil foundations[M.S.Thesis][D].Fuzhou:East China Institute of Technology,2016.(in Chinese))
[20]刘泽亚.落叶松胶合木板力学性能试验研究[硕士学位论文][D].长沙:中南林业科技大学,2015.(LIU Zeya.Experimental study on mechanical properties of larch plywood[M.S.Thesis][D].Changsha:Central South University of Forestry and Technology,2015.(in Chinese))
[21]亓乐,施建勇,侯仟.复合地基桩体对垫层的刺入量研究[J].岩土力学,2011,32(3):815-819.(QI Le,SHI Jianyong,HOU Qian.Study on piercing amount of composite foundation piles to cushion[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(3):815-819.(in Chinese))
[2]丁文富,张广泽,宋章.成昆铁路昔格达地层工程地质特性及对策研究[J].铁道工程学报,2017,34(4):1-5.(DING Wenfu,ZHANG Guangze,SONG Zhang.Study on engineering geological characteristics and countermeasures of Xigeda stratum in ChengduKunming railway[J].Journal of Railway Engineering Society,2017,34(4):1-5.(in Chinese))
[3]李小雷.铁路站场高填方路基沉降分析与控制[硕士学位论文][D].成都:西南交通大学,2017.(LI Xiaolei.Analysis and control of high fill subgrade settlement in railway station yard[M.S.Thesis][D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2017.(in Chinese))
[4]魏永幸,罗强,邱延峻.斜坡软弱地基填方工程特性及工程技术研究[J].铁道工程学报,2006,(9):10-15.(WEI Yongxing,LUOQiang,QIU Yanjun.Study on the engineering characteristics and engineering technology of soft foundation filling on slope[J].Journal of Railway Engineering Society,2006,(9):10-15.(in Chinese))
[5]宋响军.石忠高速公路K 22+000~+220段滑坡的性质及防治对策[J].铁道工程学报,2011,28(7):42-47.(SONG Xiangjun.The nature and prevention countermeasures of the landslide from K 22+000~+220section of shizhong expressway[J].Journal of Railway Engineering Society,2011,28(7):42-47.(in Chinese))
[6]刘小瑞.贵州省茅台机场中部李家沟高填方边坡稳定性研究[硕士学位论文][D].成都:成都理工大学,2013.(LIU Xiaorui.Study on the stability of the high fill slope of Lijiagou in the middle of Maotai Airport in Guizhou Province[M.S.Thesis][D].Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2013.(in Chinese))
[7]马丽慧.遂宁机场高填方边坡稳定性分析[硕士学位论文][D].成都:成都理工大学,2013.(MA Lihui.Stability Analysis of High Fill Slope at Funing Airport[M.S.Thesis][D].Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2013.(in Chinese))
[8]张誉瀚.重庆万州机场停机坪扩建工程高填方边坡方案研究[硕士学位论文][D].成都:成都理工大学,2014.(ZHANG Yuzheng.Research on the high fill slope of the expansion plan of chongqing Wanzhou airport apron[M.S.Thesis][D].Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2014.(in Chinese))
[9]李天斌,刘吉,任洋,等.预加固高填方边坡的滑动机制:攀枝花机场12#滑坡[J].工程地质学报,2012,20(5):723-731.(LITianbin,LIU Ji,REN Yang,et al.Sliding mechanism of pre-reinforced high-fill slope:Panzhihua Airport#12 landslide[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2012,20(5):723-731.(in Chinese))
[10]唐宁.贵州某机场高填方边坡稳定性研究[硕士学位论文][D].成都:成都理工大学,2017.(TANG Ning.Study on the stability of high fill slope in an airport in Guizhou[M.S.Thesis][D].Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2017.(in Chinese))
[11]SONG E,CAO G.Characteristics and simplified calculation method of creep settlement of high fill foundation in mountain area[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2012,33(6):1 711-1 723.
[12]徐则民,张倬元,许强,等.九寨黄龙机场填方高边坡动力稳定性分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(11):1 883-1 890.(XUZemin,ZHANG Zhaoyuan,XU Qiang,et al.Dynamic stability analysis of the high slope filtration of Jiuzhai Huanglong airport[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(11):1 883-1 890.(in Chinese))
[13]WANG H,TUO X,ZHANG G,et al.Panzhihua airport landslide(Oct.3rd 2009)and an emergency monitoring and warning system based on the internet of things[J].Journal of mountain science,2013,10(5):873-884.
[14]杨校辉,朱彦鹏,周勇,等.山区机场高填方边坡滑移过程时空监测与稳定性分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(增2):3 977-3 990.(YANG Xiaohui,ZHU Yanpeng,ZHOU Yong,et al.Spatio-temporal monitoring and stability analysis of high fill slope slip in mountainous airports[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2016,35(Supp.2):3 977-3 990.(in Chinese))
[15]伍伟林.预应力锚索抗滑桩加固边坡的计算与应用[[硕士学位论文][D].广州:华南理工大学,2010.(WU Weilin.Calculation and application of pre-stressed anchor anti-slide pile reinforcement slope[M.S.Thesis][D].Guangzhou:South China University of Technology,2010.(in Chinese))
[16]乔莉.桩、锚协同作用的预应力锚索抗滑桩设计及程序开发[硕士学位论文][D].武汉:中国地质大学,2007.(QIAO Li.Design and program development of prestressed anchor cable anti-slide piles with pile and anchor cooperating[M.S.Thesis][D].Wuhan:China University of Geosciences,2007.(in Chinese))
[17]CARPI A,LINDBERG S.E.Application of a teflon?dynamic flux chamber for quantifying soil mercury flux:Tests and results over background soil[J].Atmospheric Environment,1998,32(5):873-882.
[18]KIM B S,SHIBUYA S,PARK S W,et al.Suction stress and its application on unsaturated direct shear test under constant volume condition[J].Engineering Geology,2013,155:10-18.
[19]蒋金明.排水松木桩处理软土地基室内模型试验[硕士学位论文]][D].抚州:东华理工大学,2016.(JIANG Jinming.Drainage pine piles for indoor model tests of soft soil foundations[M.S.Thesis][D].Fuzhou:East China Institute of Technology,2016.(in Chinese))
[20]刘泽亚.落叶松胶合木板力学性能试验研究[硕士学位论文][D].长沙:中南林业科技大学,2015.(LIU Zeya.Experimental study on mechanical properties of larch plywood[M.S.Thesis][D].Changsha:Central South University of Forestry and Technology,2015.(in Chinese))
[21]亓乐,施建勇,侯仟.复合地基桩体对垫层的刺入量研究[J].岩土力学,2011,32(3):815-819.(QI Le,SHI Jianyong,HOU Qian.Study on piercing amount of composite foundation piles to cushion[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(3):815-819.(in Chinese))