枸杞子品质区划研究
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摘要
枸杞子为常用大宗中药材,由于野生资源有限,市场上流通的枸杞子主要来源于茄科植物宁夏枸杞的栽培品。相关研究表明不同地区的枸杞子品质存在一定差异。该课题组于2017年8月赴宁夏、甘肃、青海、新疆和内蒙古等地的13个有宁夏枸杞种植的县(区)进行实地采样,获取枸杞子样品71批。根据71批枸杞子中枸杞多糖、蛋白质、维生素和柚皮苷4种化学成分含量的高低,利用SPSS,Arc GIS等对枸杞子品质进行区划研究。结果显示:采样区域内枸杞子中枸杞多糖、蛋白质、维生素和柚皮苷的含量存在较大的差异,其中:内蒙古的维生素含量相对较高;新疆的枸杞多糖含量相对较高;宁夏的蛋白质含量相对较高;内蒙古的柚皮苷含量相对较高。通过对枸杞子中4种化学成分与生态环境因子之间的相关性分析,百分含量占比高的化学成分受气候因素影响较大、占比低的化学成分受土壤因素影响较大。不同产区枸杞子品质的优劣,需要综合多个指标进行整体评价,或者根据枸杞子特定功能需求及对应成分选择合适产区。《中国植物志》等文献资料中多记录在西北和中南部,尚没有关于东北地区人工种植宁夏枸杞的记载,通过该研究发现辽宁和吉林省也有宁夏枸杞的少量种植,可知在中温带和暖温带等地均有宁夏枸杞的种植。
Lycii Fructus is a commonly used Chinese herbal medicine. Due to limited wild resources,Lycii Fructus is mainly derived from the cultivation of Lycium barbarum when it circulate in the market. Related studies have shown that there are some differences in the quality of Lycii Fructus from different regions. In August 2017,our research team went to the county areas of Ningxia,Gansu,Qinghai,Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia,which included 13 counties and planted L. barbarum. The county areas obtained 71 batches of samples. According to the content of four chemical components of polysaccharides,protein,vitamins and naringin in 71 batches,the quality of zoning was studied by SPSS and Arc GIS. The results showed that there were significant differences in the contents of polysaccharides,protein,vitamins and naringin in the sampling area. Among them,the vitamin content in Inner Mongolia was relatively high. The content of polysaccharide in Xingjiang was relatively high,the protein content of Ningxia was relatively high. The content of naringin in Inner Mongolia was relatively high. The quality of Lycii Fructus from different producing areas requires a comprehensive evaluation of multiple indicators. Through the analysis of the four chemical components and the eco-environmental factors,the chemical composition with high percentage of percentage content is affected by climatic factors,and the chemical composition with low proportion is greatly affected by soil factors. The literatures such as " Chinese Flora" are mostly recorded that L. barbarum are planted in the northwest and south central areas. There is no record of artificial planting L. barbarum in the northeast region. Through this study,it is found that Liaoning and Jilin province also have a small amount of L. barbarum cultivated. The result shows that in the middle temperature zone and warm temperature zone there are also the cultivation of L. barbarum.
Lycii Fructus is a commonly used Chinese herbal medicine. Due to limited wild resources,Lycii Fructus is mainly derived from the cultivation of Lycium barbarum when it circulate in the market. Related studies have shown that there are some differences in the quality of Lycii Fructus from different regions. In August 2017,our research team went to the county areas of Ningxia,Gansu,Qinghai,Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia,which included 13 counties and planted L. barbarum. The county areas obtained 71 batches of samples. According to the content of four chemical components of polysaccharides,protein,vitamins and naringin in 71 batches,the quality of zoning was studied by SPSS and Arc GIS. The results showed that there were significant differences in the contents of polysaccharides,protein,vitamins and naringin in the sampling area. Among them,the vitamin content in Inner Mongolia was relatively high. The content of polysaccharide in Xingjiang was relatively high,the protein content of Ningxia was relatively high. The content of naringin in Inner Mongolia was relatively high. The quality of Lycii Fructus from different producing areas requires a comprehensive evaluation of multiple indicators. Through the analysis of the four chemical components and the eco-environmental factors,the chemical composition with high percentage of percentage content is affected by climatic factors,and the chemical composition with low proportion is greatly affected by soil factors. The literatures such as " Chinese Flora" are mostly recorded that L. barbarum are planted in the northwest and south central areas. There is no record of artificial planting L. barbarum in the northeast region. Through this study,it is found that Liaoning and Jilin province also have a small amount of L. barbarum cultivated. The result shows that in the middle temperature zone and warm temperature zone there are also the cultivation of L. barbarum.
引文
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[2]中国药典.一部[S].2015:249.
[3]尚雪,董丽君,文路军,等.基于遥感与GIS的四川省川牛膝资源适宜性分布研究[J].中草药,2016,47(24):4445.
[4]程武学,董光,巫明焱,等.基于3S技术的四川省川红花资源适宜性空间分布研究[J].中国中药杂志,2017,42(15):2939.
[5]何中虎,林作楫,王龙俊,等.中国小麦品质区划的研究[J].中国农业科学,2002(4):359.
[6]邵扬,叶丹,欧阳臻,等.薄荷的生境适宜性区划及品质区划研究[J].中国中药杂志,2016,41(17):3169.
[7]严辉,张小波,朱寿东,等.当归药材生产区划研究[J].中国中药杂志,2016,41(17):3139.
[8]孙洪兵.羌活品质及区划的定量法研究[D].广州:广东药科大学,2016.
[9]卢有媛,张小波,杨燕梅,等.秦艽药材的品质区划研究[J].中国中药杂志,2016,41(17):3132.
[10]肖井雷,张小波,刘玉翠,等.基于GIS技术的五味子品质区划研究[J].中国中药杂志,2017,42(22):4408.
[11]赵文龙,晋玲,王惠珍,等.板蓝根药材品质区划研究[J].中国中药杂志,2017,42(22):4414.
[12]中国科学院中国植物志编辑委员会.中国植物志[M].北京:科学出版社,1978:13.
[13]陈秋荣.黄酮类化合物药理作用的分析[J].中国实用医药,2012,7(21):254.
[14]赵明宇.枸杞子的药理作用及临床应用研究[J].北方药学,2018,15(4):156.
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