从非洲水稻材料中筛选耐高温种质资源
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摘要
为了更好的开展抗热水稻育种工作,本研究试图从非洲地区收集的水稻种质资源中筛选耐热资源。采用最新建立的梯级温度法对来自非洲各地区的6个水稻品种进行花期高温处理,通过不同温度下的受精率,计算耐热指数和耐热综合指数,以耐热综合指数判定材料的耐热性。结果表明,品种‘SDWG005’在不同温度下的耐热指数皆大于0.9,耐热综合指数为6.462,表现出极强的耐热性;品种‘SDWG001’在不同温度下的耐热指数大于0.5,耐热综合指数为4.163,表现出强耐热性;品种‘SDBN001’与品种‘SDSL013’在37℃下的耐热指数小于0.5,其他温度下耐热指数大于0.6,耐热综合指数分别为3.694与3.406,表现出较耐热性。筛选得到了一个极强耐高温品种‘SDWG005’,2个强耐高温品种‘SDWG001’与‘SDBN001’,试验显示来源于非洲的水稻中可能潜藏有宝贵的可用于育种的耐热资源和基因。
To facilitate rice breeding with heat tolerance, we try to screen heat-resistant resources from Africa rice. Using the newly established cascade temperature method, six rice varieties from various regions of Africa were treated with high temperature in flowering period. The heat-tolerant index and integrated heat-tolerant index were calculated by the fertilization rate under different high-temperature treatments, and the integrated heat-tolerant index was selected to judge their heat tolerance. The heat-tolerant index of‘SDWG005'was greater than 0.9 among high-temperature treatments and its' integrated heat-tolerant index was 6.462, showing significant heat tolerance. The heat-tolerant index of‘SDWG001'was greater than 0.5 among hightemperature treatments and its' integrated heat-tolerant index was 4.163, showing strong heat tolerance. The heat-tolerant index of both‘SDBN001'and‘SDSL013'were lower than 0.5 under 37℃ treatment and greater than 0.6 under other treatments. The integrated heat-tolerant index of the two varieties was 3.694 and 3.406,respectively, showing relatively high heat resistance. By screening, an extremely strong heat-resistant variety‘SDWG005'and two strong heat-resistant varieties‘SDWG001'and‘SDBN001'were obtained. The results suggest that some rice germplasm resources from Africa may have heat-tolerant genes, which can be used for breeding heat tolerant rice in the future.
To facilitate rice breeding with heat tolerance, we try to screen heat-resistant resources from Africa rice. Using the newly established cascade temperature method, six rice varieties from various regions of Africa were treated with high temperature in flowering period. The heat-tolerant index and integrated heat-tolerant index were calculated by the fertilization rate under different high-temperature treatments, and the integrated heat-tolerant index was selected to judge their heat tolerance. The heat-tolerant index of‘SDWG005'was greater than 0.9 among high-temperature treatments and its' integrated heat-tolerant index was 6.462, showing significant heat tolerance. The heat-tolerant index of‘SDWG001'was greater than 0.5 among hightemperature treatments and its' integrated heat-tolerant index was 4.163, showing strong heat tolerance. The heat-tolerant index of both‘SDBN001'and‘SDSL013'were lower than 0.5 under 37℃ treatment and greater than 0.6 under other treatments. The integrated heat-tolerant index of the two varieties was 3.694 and 3.406,respectively, showing relatively high heat resistance. By screening, an extremely strong heat-resistant variety‘SDWG005'and two strong heat-resistant varieties‘SDWG001'and‘SDBN001'were obtained. The results suggest that some rice germplasm resources from Africa may have heat-tolerant genes, which can be used for breeding heat tolerant rice in the future.
引文
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[2]姚萍,杨炳玉,陈菲菲,等.水稻高温热害研究进展[J].农业灾害研究,2012,2(04):23-25,38.
[3] Yuan L P. Hybrid rice technology for food security in the world//International Conference on Sustainable Rice Systems. VFAO,Rome, Italy, 2004.
[4] van Nguyen N, Ferrero A. Meeting the challenges of global rice production[J].Paddy Water Environment, 2006,4:1-9.
[5] IPCC. Climate change 2013:the physical science basis//Summary for Policy Makers. Working Group I Contribution to the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report[R]. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2013:1-36.
[6]田小海,罗海伟,周恒多,等.中国水稻热害研究历史、进展与展望[J].中国农学通报,2009,25(22):166-168.
[7] Li C Y, Peng C H, Zhao Q B, et al. Characteristic analysis of the abnormal high temperarure in 2003's midsummer in Wuhan city[J].Journal of Central China Normal University, 2004.
[8]杨太明,陈金华.江淮之间夏季高温热害对水稻生长的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2007(27):8530-8531.
[9]任义方,高苹,王春乙.江苏高温热害对水稻的影响及成因分析[J].自然灾害学报,2010,19(05):101-107.
[10]闫浩亮,潘幸福,陈建珍,等.田间高温严重降低杂交水稻制种的异交结实[J].中国水稻科学,2015,29(1):106-110.
[11]赵森,于江辉,周浩,等.抽穗开花期耐高温的爪哇稻资源筛选[J].植物遗传资源学报,2013,14(3):384-389.
[12]杨梯丰,张少红,王晓飞,等.水稻抽穗开花期耐热种质资源的筛选鉴定[J].华南农业大学学报,2012,33(4):585-588.
[13]陈建珍,闫浩亮,刘科,等.大穗型水稻品种抽穗开花期遭遇高温后的结实表现[J].中国农业气象,2018,39(02):84-91.
[14]田小海,松井勤,李守华,等.水稻花期高温胁迫研究进展与展望[J].应用生态学报,2007(11):2632-2636.
[15]张鑫.夜间增温对水稻生长发育的影响[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2016.
[16]李倩.昼夜高温下水稻根源激素响应特征及其与产量的关系[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2012.
[17] Shi W, Muthurajan R, Rahman H, et al. Source-sink dynamics and proteomic reprogramming under elevated night temperature and their impact on rice yield and grain quality.[J]. New Phytologist,2013,203(3):825-37.
[18]査中萍,殷得所,万丙良,等.水稻种质资源开花期耐热性分析[J].湖北农业科学, 2016(1):17-19.
[19] Satake T, Yoshida S. High temperature-induced sterility in indica rices at flowering[J]. Jpn. J. Crop Sci., 1978,47:6-17.
[20]张标金.特异耐高温水稻N22开花期耐高温遗传基础研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2009.
[21] Jagadish, S V K, Craufurd, P Q, Wheeler, T R. Phenotyping Parents of Mapping Populations of Rice for Heat Tolerance during Anthesis[J]. Crop Science,2008,48(3):1140-1146.