基于同异性分析的不同类型棉花品种纤维品质特征与分类评价
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摘要
为精确分析中国棉花纤维品质的区域特征、分布规律及综合性评价,以2005—2014年国家棉花品种区域试验531个参试品种纤维品质数据为材料,运用作物育种同异性分析理论对杂交棉和常规棉品种的纤维品质进行综合评价。结果表明:1)常规棉品种纤维品质符合审定标准Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型和Ⅲ型的品种数分别占参试常规棉品种数的1.58%、28.42%和14.74%,杂交棉纤维品质符合审定标准Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型和Ⅲ型的品种分别占参试杂交棉品种数的0.59%、19.94%和10.56%。黄河流域常规棉品种、杂交棉品种纤维品质综合同一度分别为0.869 3和0.888 8,长江流域杂交棉纤维品质综合同一度为0.864 3,西北内陆棉区常规棉纤维品质综合同一度为0.890 5。2)不同棉区常规棉与杂交棉纤维品质性状比较表明,西北内陆棉区常规棉品种纤维品质性状优于黄河流域杂交棉;而黄河流域杂交棉又优于黄河流域常规棉和长江流域杂交棉,黄河流域常规棉与长江流域杂交棉纤维品质性状差异不显著。可见,黄河流域棉区适宜种植推广中长绒、高比强和高马克隆值的常规棉品种;长江流域棉区适宜种植中长绒、高比强度和高马克隆值的杂交棉品种;西北内陆棉区适合种植长强细的优质常规棉品种,可作为棉纺工业纺中高支纱的优质棉生产基地。本研究对优化我国优质棉区域布局和种植结构调整有重要参考价值。
For an accurate analysis of the regional distribution characteristics, the fiber quality traits of 531 candidate varieties in national cotton regional trials in China between 2005 and 2014 were analyzed to achieve comprehensive evaluation of hybrid and conventional cotton varieties by using similarity-difference analyses method in crop-breeding fields. The results showed that: 1) conventional cotton varieties with fiber quality qualified as type I, type II, and type III accounted for the total conventional varieties of 1.58%, 28.42%, and 14.74%, whereas the proportions of type I, type II, and type III for hybrid cotton were 0.59%, 19.94%, and 10.56%, respectively. The identical degree of the conventional and hybrid cotton cultivars in the Yellow River Valley(YeRV) was estimated to be 0.869 3 and 0.888 8, the identical degree of hybrid cotton in the Yangtze River Valley(YaRV) was 0.864 3, and that of cotton varieties in the Northwest Inland(NWI) was 0.890 5. 2) The fiber quality of conventional cotton in the NWI was better than that of hybrid cotton in the YeRV, and the fiber quality of the latter was better than that of conventional cultivars in the YeRV and hybrid cotton in the YaRV. There were no significant differences in conventional cultivars in the YeRV and hybrid cotton in the YaRV. The YaRV is suitable cotton planting area for medium-long length and high-strength of fiber, and high-micronaire hybrid cotton varieties. The NWI is suitable for planting high-quality conventional cotton varieties with long and fine quality as cotton spinning high yarn industry base. In brief, the fiber quality traits of conventional cotton in the NWI were proven to have the most potential, which can be an important reference value to optimize high-quality cotton regional layout and to adjust the planting structure in China.
For an accurate analysis of the regional distribution characteristics, the fiber quality traits of 531 candidate varieties in national cotton regional trials in China between 2005 and 2014 were analyzed to achieve comprehensive evaluation of hybrid and conventional cotton varieties by using similarity-difference analyses method in crop-breeding fields. The results showed that: 1) conventional cotton varieties with fiber quality qualified as type I, type II, and type III accounted for the total conventional varieties of 1.58%, 28.42%, and 14.74%, whereas the proportions of type I, type II, and type III for hybrid cotton were 0.59%, 19.94%, and 10.56%, respectively. The identical degree of the conventional and hybrid cotton cultivars in the Yellow River Valley(YeRV) was estimated to be 0.869 3 and 0.888 8, the identical degree of hybrid cotton in the Yangtze River Valley(YaRV) was 0.864 3, and that of cotton varieties in the Northwest Inland(NWI) was 0.890 5. 2) The fiber quality of conventional cotton in the NWI was better than that of hybrid cotton in the YeRV, and the fiber quality of the latter was better than that of conventional cultivars in the YeRV and hybrid cotton in the YaRV. There were no significant differences in conventional cultivars in the YeRV and hybrid cotton in the YaRV. The YaRV is suitable cotton planting area for medium-long length and high-strength of fiber, and high-micronaire hybrid cotton varieties. The NWI is suitable for planting high-quality conventional cotton varieties with long and fine quality as cotton spinning high yarn industry base. In brief, the fiber quality traits of conventional cotton in the NWI were proven to have the most potential, which can be an important reference value to optimize high-quality cotton regional layout and to adjust the planting structure in China.
引文
[1]中国农业科学院棉花研究所.中国棉花栽培学[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,2013Cotton Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences.Chinese Cotton Cultivation[M].Shanghai:Shanghai Science and Technology Press,2013
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[3]AL-JIBOURI H A,MILLER P A,ROBINSON H F.Genotypic and environmental variances and covariances in an upland cotton cross of interspecific origin[J].Agronomy Journal,1958,(10):633-636
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[5]PERCY R G,CANTRELL R G,ZHANG J F.Genetic variation for agronomic and fiber properties in an introgressed recombinant inbred population of cotton[J].Crop Science,2006,46(3):1311-1317
[6]束红梅,王友华,陈兵林,等.棉花纤维素累积特性的基因型差异及与纤维比强度形成的关系[J].作物学报,2007,33(6):921-926SHU H M,WANG Y H,CHEN B L,et al.Genotypic differences in cellulose accumulation of cotton fiber and its relationship with fiber strength[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2007,33(6):921-926
[7]YEATES S J,CONSTABLE G A,MCCUMSTIE T.Irrigated cotton in the tropical dry season.Ⅲ:Impact of temperature,cultivar and sowing date on fibre quality[J].Field Crops Research,2010,116(3):300-307
[8]ZHAO D,OOSTERHUIS D M.Cotton responses to shade at different growth stages:Growth,lint yield and fibre quality[J].Experimental Agriculture,2000,36(1):27-39
[9]PETTIGREW W T.Environmental effects on cotton fiber carbohydrate concentration and quality[J].Crop Science,2001,41(4):1108-1113
[10]SHU H M,ZHOU Z G,XU N Y,et al.Sucrose metabolism in cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.)fibre under low temperature during fibre development[J].European Journal of Agronomy,2009,31(2):61-68
[11]READ J J,REDDY K R,JENKINS J N.Yield and fiber quality of Upland cotton as influenced by nitrogen and potassium nutrition[J].European Journal of Agronomy,2006,24(3):282-290
[12]PETTIGREW W T,ADAMCZYK J J.Nitrogen fertility and planting date effects on lint yield and Cry1Ac(Bt)endotoxin production[J].Agronomy Journal,2006,98(3):691-697
[13]GIRMA K,TEAL R K,FREEMAN K W,et al.Cotton lint yield and quality as affected by applications of N,P,and Kfertilizers[J].Journal of Cotton Science,2007,11(1):12-19
[14]阎守邑,肖春生,田青,等.中国农业统计地理信息系统及其应用研究[J].遥感学报,1997,1(3):152-157YAN S Y,XIAO C S,TIAN Q,et al.Chinese agricultural statistical Geographic Information System and its applications[J].Journal of Remote Sensing,1997,1(3):152-157
[15]危常州,侯振安,朱和明,等.基于GIS的棉田精冷施肥和土壤养分管理系统的研究[J].中国农业科学,2002,35(6):678-685WEI C Z,HOU Z A,ZHU H M,et al.Study on precision fertilizer recommendation and soil nutrition management in cotton land based on GIS system[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2002,35(6):678-685
[16]周留根,周治国,曹卫星,等.基于知识模型和GIS的棉花生产潜力评价系统[J].棉花学报,2005,17(2):117-121ZHOU L G,ZHOU Z G,CAO W X,et al.Cotton potential productivity evaluation system based on knowledge model and GIS[J].Cotton Science,2005,17(2):117-121
[17]潘学标.基于GIS的中国县域棉花生产空间分布与变异研究[J].中国农业科学,2003,36(4):382-386PAN X B.Study on the spatial distribution and variation of cotton production in counties of China based on GIS[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2003,36(4):382-386
[18]潘学标.基于GIS的中国作物生产信息系统研究[J].中国农业科学,2000,33(2):110PAN X B.Research on the China’s crop production information system based on GIS[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2000,33(2):110
[19]郭瑞林,王占中.作物同异育种智能决策系统及其应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2014GUO R L,WANG Z Z.Intelligent Decision System of Crops Breeding with Similarity-Difference and Its Applications[M].Beijing:Science Press,2014
[20]郭瑞林,杨春玲,关立,等.小麦品种区域试验的同异分析方法研究[J].麦类作物学报,2001,21(3):60-63GUO R L,YANG C L,GUAN L,et al.Study on identical and different analysis method of wheat variety regional test[J].Journal of Triticeae Crops,2001,21(3):60-63
[21]郭瑞林.同异分析的联系势测验及其在小麦品种区域试验中的应用[J].麦类作物学报,2004,24(1):63-65GUO R L.The test of connection trend for the similarity-difference analysis and its application in regional test of wheat variety[J].Journal of Triticeae Crops,2004,24(1):63-65
[22]郭瑞林.作物育种同异理论与方法[M].北京:中国农业科学技术出版社,2011GUO R L.The Method and Similarity-difference Theory of Crop Breeding[M].Beijing:China Agricultural Science and Technology Press,2011
[23]凌启鸿.作物群体质量[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,2000LING Q H.Crop Population Quality[M].Shanghai:Shanghai Science and Technology Press,2000
[24]刘瑞显,史伟,徐立华,等.长江下游棉区抗虫杂交棉适宜密度研究[J].棉花学报,2010,22(6):634-638LIU R X,SHI W,XU L H,et al.Planting density of insect-resistant hybrid cotton in lower reaches of Yangtze River Valley[J].Cotton Science,2010,22(6):634-638
[25]周桂生,于建平,陈刚,等.关于长江流域棉花适宜种植密度的思考[J].中国棉花,2007,(5):51-52ZHOU G S,YU J P,CHEN G,et al.Thinking about the suitable planting density of cotton in Yangtze river basin[J]China Cotton,2007,(5):51-52
[26]王仁祥.转基因抗虫杂交棉纤维品质性状的构成因素和遗传特性的研究[D].长沙:湖南农业大学,2005WANG R X.Study on compositive factors and genetic characteristics of fiber quality of transgenic Bt hybrid cotton[D].Changsha:Hunan Agricultural University,2005
[27]李吉琴.杂交棉产量及品质构成因素的主成分分析[J].石河子科技,2011,(1):21-23LI J Q.Principal component analysis of yield and quality components of hybrid cotton[J].Shihezi Technology,2011,(1):21-23
[28]喻树迅,王子胜.中国棉花科技未来发展战略构想[J].沈阳农业大学学报:社会科学版,2012,14(1):3-10YU S X,WANG Z S.On the future Chinese cotton technological development strategy[J].Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University:Social Sciences Edition,2012,14(1):3-10
[29]纪从亮.棉花高产优质高效栽培实用技术[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2002JI C L.Practical Technology for High Yield,High Quality and High Efficiency Cultivation of Cotton[M].Beijing:China Agricultural Publishing House,2002
[30]郭香墨,刘正德,罗云佳.我国面向21世纪棉花纤维品质改良对策[J].棉花学报,1999,11(6):321-325GUO X M,LIU Z D,LUO Y J.The improvement strategy of cotton fibre quality for the 21st century in China[J].Acta Gossypii Sinica,1999,11(6):321-325
[2]袁有禄,张天真,郭旺珍,等.棉花高品质纤维性状的主基因与多基因遗传分析[J].遗传学报,2002,29(9):827-834YUAN Y L,ZHANG T Z,GUO W Z,et al.Major-polygene effect analysis of super quality fiber properties in upland cotton(G.hirsutum L.)[J].Acta Genetica Sinica,2002,29(9):827-834
[3]AL-JIBOURI H A,MILLER P A,ROBINSON H F.Genotypic and environmental variances and covariances in an upland cotton cross of interspecific origin[J].Agronomy Journal,1958,(10):633-636
[4]KOHEL R J.Cotton germplasm resources and the potential for improved fiber production and quality[M]//BASRA A S.Cotton Fibers:Developmental Biology,Quality Improvement,and Textile Processing.New York:The Haworth Press Inc,1999:167-182
[5]PERCY R G,CANTRELL R G,ZHANG J F.Genetic variation for agronomic and fiber properties in an introgressed recombinant inbred population of cotton[J].Crop Science,2006,46(3):1311-1317
[6]束红梅,王友华,陈兵林,等.棉花纤维素累积特性的基因型差异及与纤维比强度形成的关系[J].作物学报,2007,33(6):921-926SHU H M,WANG Y H,CHEN B L,et al.Genotypic differences in cellulose accumulation of cotton fiber and its relationship with fiber strength[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2007,33(6):921-926
[7]YEATES S J,CONSTABLE G A,MCCUMSTIE T.Irrigated cotton in the tropical dry season.Ⅲ:Impact of temperature,cultivar and sowing date on fibre quality[J].Field Crops Research,2010,116(3):300-307
[8]ZHAO D,OOSTERHUIS D M.Cotton responses to shade at different growth stages:Growth,lint yield and fibre quality[J].Experimental Agriculture,2000,36(1):27-39
[9]PETTIGREW W T.Environmental effects on cotton fiber carbohydrate concentration and quality[J].Crop Science,2001,41(4):1108-1113
[10]SHU H M,ZHOU Z G,XU N Y,et al.Sucrose metabolism in cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.)fibre under low temperature during fibre development[J].European Journal of Agronomy,2009,31(2):61-68
[11]READ J J,REDDY K R,JENKINS J N.Yield and fiber quality of Upland cotton as influenced by nitrogen and potassium nutrition[J].European Journal of Agronomy,2006,24(3):282-290
[12]PETTIGREW W T,ADAMCZYK J J.Nitrogen fertility and planting date effects on lint yield and Cry1Ac(Bt)endotoxin production[J].Agronomy Journal,2006,98(3):691-697
[13]GIRMA K,TEAL R K,FREEMAN K W,et al.Cotton lint yield and quality as affected by applications of N,P,and Kfertilizers[J].Journal of Cotton Science,2007,11(1):12-19
[14]阎守邑,肖春生,田青,等.中国农业统计地理信息系统及其应用研究[J].遥感学报,1997,1(3):152-157YAN S Y,XIAO C S,TIAN Q,et al.Chinese agricultural statistical Geographic Information System and its applications[J].Journal of Remote Sensing,1997,1(3):152-157
[15]危常州,侯振安,朱和明,等.基于GIS的棉田精冷施肥和土壤养分管理系统的研究[J].中国农业科学,2002,35(6):678-685WEI C Z,HOU Z A,ZHU H M,et al.Study on precision fertilizer recommendation and soil nutrition management in cotton land based on GIS system[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2002,35(6):678-685
[16]周留根,周治国,曹卫星,等.基于知识模型和GIS的棉花生产潜力评价系统[J].棉花学报,2005,17(2):117-121ZHOU L G,ZHOU Z G,CAO W X,et al.Cotton potential productivity evaluation system based on knowledge model and GIS[J].Cotton Science,2005,17(2):117-121
[17]潘学标.基于GIS的中国县域棉花生产空间分布与变异研究[J].中国农业科学,2003,36(4):382-386PAN X B.Study on the spatial distribution and variation of cotton production in counties of China based on GIS[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2003,36(4):382-386
[18]潘学标.基于GIS的中国作物生产信息系统研究[J].中国农业科学,2000,33(2):110PAN X B.Research on the China’s crop production information system based on GIS[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2000,33(2):110
[19]郭瑞林,王占中.作物同异育种智能决策系统及其应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2014GUO R L,WANG Z Z.Intelligent Decision System of Crops Breeding with Similarity-Difference and Its Applications[M].Beijing:Science Press,2014
[20]郭瑞林,杨春玲,关立,等.小麦品种区域试验的同异分析方法研究[J].麦类作物学报,2001,21(3):60-63GUO R L,YANG C L,GUAN L,et al.Study on identical and different analysis method of wheat variety regional test[J].Journal of Triticeae Crops,2001,21(3):60-63
[21]郭瑞林.同异分析的联系势测验及其在小麦品种区域试验中的应用[J].麦类作物学报,2004,24(1):63-65GUO R L.The test of connection trend for the similarity-difference analysis and its application in regional test of wheat variety[J].Journal of Triticeae Crops,2004,24(1):63-65
[22]郭瑞林.作物育种同异理论与方法[M].北京:中国农业科学技术出版社,2011GUO R L.The Method and Similarity-difference Theory of Crop Breeding[M].Beijing:China Agricultural Science and Technology Press,2011
[23]凌启鸿.作物群体质量[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,2000LING Q H.Crop Population Quality[M].Shanghai:Shanghai Science and Technology Press,2000
[24]刘瑞显,史伟,徐立华,等.长江下游棉区抗虫杂交棉适宜密度研究[J].棉花学报,2010,22(6):634-638LIU R X,SHI W,XU L H,et al.Planting density of insect-resistant hybrid cotton in lower reaches of Yangtze River Valley[J].Cotton Science,2010,22(6):634-638
[25]周桂生,于建平,陈刚,等.关于长江流域棉花适宜种植密度的思考[J].中国棉花,2007,(5):51-52ZHOU G S,YU J P,CHEN G,et al.Thinking about the suitable planting density of cotton in Yangtze river basin[J]China Cotton,2007,(5):51-52
[26]王仁祥.转基因抗虫杂交棉纤维品质性状的构成因素和遗传特性的研究[D].长沙:湖南农业大学,2005WANG R X.Study on compositive factors and genetic characteristics of fiber quality of transgenic Bt hybrid cotton[D].Changsha:Hunan Agricultural University,2005
[27]李吉琴.杂交棉产量及品质构成因素的主成分分析[J].石河子科技,2011,(1):21-23LI J Q.Principal component analysis of yield and quality components of hybrid cotton[J].Shihezi Technology,2011,(1):21-23
[28]喻树迅,王子胜.中国棉花科技未来发展战略构想[J].沈阳农业大学学报:社会科学版,2012,14(1):3-10YU S X,WANG Z S.On the future Chinese cotton technological development strategy[J].Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University:Social Sciences Edition,2012,14(1):3-10
[29]纪从亮.棉花高产优质高效栽培实用技术[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2002JI C L.Practical Technology for High Yield,High Quality and High Efficiency Cultivation of Cotton[M].Beijing:China Agricultural Publishing House,2002
[30]郭香墨,刘正德,罗云佳.我国面向21世纪棉花纤维品质改良对策[J].棉花学报,1999,11(6):321-325GUO X M,LIU Z D,LUO Y J.The improvement strategy of cotton fibre quality for the 21st century in China[J].Acta Gossypii Sinica,1999,11(6):321-325