2015-2017年肇庆市感染性腹泻病毒病原学特点及流行特征
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摘要
目的探究2015-2017年肇庆市感染性腹泻病毒病原学特点及流行特征。方法随机抽取肇庆市6所不同级别的医院,按一定比例抽样间隔调查门诊就诊的感染性腹泻病例。收集粪便标本细菌培养、病毒检测的结果。结果 914例患者中共检出阳性438例(47.92%),细菌7种(12.91%),其中副溶血性弧菌和沙门菌分别有63例(14.38%)和37例(8.45%);病毒5种(33.15%),其中以诺如病毒阳性241例(55.02%)较为多见;混合感染者17例(3.88%);第三季度、第四季度感染性腹泻高发,其中第三季度细菌与病毒阳性数分别为50例(42.37%)和160例(52.81%);第四季度细菌与病毒阳性数分别为25例(21.19%)和78例(25.74%);细菌与病毒阳性患者的年龄分布都主要集中在20～岁(分别有32例与86例),两组年龄构成差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);细菌阳性组腹痛、不洁饮食史比例高于病毒阳性、混合感染组(P<0.05)。结论 2015-2017年肇庆市感染性腹泻病原谱较广泛,高发于第三、四季度,需要开展相应综合防控措施。
Objective To investigate the etiological characteristics and epidemiological characteristics of infectious diarrhea in Zhaoqing from 2015 to 2017. Methods 6 hospitals of different levels in Zhaoqing were randomly selected. According to a certain proportion of sampling intervals,the infectious diarrhea cases in out?patient clinic were investigated. The results of bacterial culture and virus detection were collected. Results In 914 cases,438(47.92%)positive samples were identified containing 7 kinds of bacteria. The total detection rate was 12.91%,including 63 cases of Vibrio parahaemolyticus(14.38%)and 37 cases of Salmonella(8.45%). 5 types of virus were identified,and the total detection rate was 33.15%.Among them,241 cases(55.02%)were positive for Enoch virus,and 17 cases(3.88%)were mixed infection. The high incidence of infectious diarrhea occurred in the third quarter and the fourth quarter. There were 50 cases(42.37%)of bacteria positive and 160 cases(52.81%)of virus positive in the third quarter;there were 25 cases(21.19%)of bacteria positive and 78 cases(25.74%)of virus positive in the fourth quarter. The age of bacterial positive patients and virus positive patients were mainly concentrated in 20～ years(32 cases and 86 cases,respectively). There was no statistical difference in age between the bacterial positive group and the virus positive group(P>0.05). The proportion of abdominal pain and unclean diet history in bacteria positive group was higher than that of virus positive and mixed infection group(P<0.05). Conclusion From 2015 to 2017,the infectious spectrum of infectious diarrhea in Zhaoqing was widespread,and it occurred in the third and fourth seasons. Comprehensive prevention and control measures need to be carried out.
Objective To investigate the etiological characteristics and epidemiological characteristics of infectious diarrhea in Zhaoqing from 2015 to 2017. Methods 6 hospitals of different levels in Zhaoqing were randomly selected. According to a certain proportion of sampling intervals,the infectious diarrhea cases in out?patient clinic were investigated. The results of bacterial culture and virus detection were collected. Results In 914 cases,438(47.92%)positive samples were identified containing 7 kinds of bacteria. The total detection rate was 12.91%,including 63 cases of Vibrio parahaemolyticus(14.38%)and 37 cases of Salmonella(8.45%). 5 types of virus were identified,and the total detection rate was 33.15%.Among them,241 cases(55.02%)were positive for Enoch virus,and 17 cases(3.88%)were mixed infection. The high incidence of infectious diarrhea occurred in the third quarter and the fourth quarter. There were 50 cases(42.37%)of bacteria positive and 160 cases(52.81%)of virus positive in the third quarter;there were 25 cases(21.19%)of bacteria positive and 78 cases(25.74%)of virus positive in the fourth quarter. The age of bacterial positive patients and virus positive patients were mainly concentrated in 20～ years(32 cases and 86 cases,respectively). There was no statistical difference in age between the bacterial positive group and the virus positive group(P>0.05). The proportion of abdominal pain and unclean diet history in bacteria positive group was higher than that of virus positive and mixed infection group(P<0.05). Conclusion From 2015 to 2017,the infectious spectrum of infectious diarrhea in Zhaoqing was widespread,and it occurred in the third and fourth seasons. Comprehensive prevention and control measures need to be carried out.
引文
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[7]夏艳丽,陈宏伟,王友春,等.微生态调节剂对急性感染性腹泻患者血清炎性因子、肠黏膜屏障功能、肠道菌群的影响研究[J].中华医院感染学杂志,2016,26(21):4844-4846.
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[10]孙烨祥,李珊燕,徐来荣,等.2005-2014年宁波市鄞州区感染性腹泻病发病时间聚集性分析[J].实用预防医学,2016,23(5):565-568.
[11]李继珊,崔海洋,秦迪.2011-2015年北京西城区成人门诊腹泻患者诺如病毒与轮状病毒感染的流行病学特征[J].公共卫生与预防医学,2017,28(2):60-63.
[12]张小敏,卢千超,李士正,等.河南省某高校一起诺如病毒感染性腹泻暴发的病原学分析[J].热带医学杂志,2016,16(5):681-683.
[13]刘晓玲,陈青山,吴泰顺.2010-2014年深圳市宝安区其他感染性腹泻流行病学特征[J].实用预防医学,2017,24(1):120-123.
[14]薛鸣,林君芬,徐校平,等.2011-2014年浙江省其他感染性腹泻病发病及病原分析[J].疾病监测,2016,31(3):209-214.
[15]孙传武,金丹,周强.2013-2015年徐州市感染性腹泻病毒病原学监测结果分析[J].现代预防医学,2017,44(13):2448-2452.
[16]蔡妙森,许少坚,李贻汉,等.2014-2015年深圳市龙华新区感染性腹泻病原体监测结果分析[J].热带医学杂志,2016,16(11):1455-1457.
[17]吴红杏,蒲祖伟,姚正才,等.一起因饮水污染所致的学校诺如病毒感染性腹泻暴发调查[J].实用预防医学,2016,23(8):977-979.
[18]陈阿群,陈茂余,韦志楠,等.2012-2016年广东省江门市其他感染性腹泻流行病学特征和监测结果分析[J].疾病监测,2017,32(12):936-939.
[19]吕榜军,黎明强,覃彦香.轮状病毒感染性腹泻流行及疫苗的研究进展[J].现代预防医学,2016,43(4):739-741,757.
[20]李海娇,李丽丽,董瑞强,等.2006-2015年北京市房山区其他感染性腹泻流行特征[J].职业与健康,2017,33(5):639-641.
[2]刘俊华,陈军,王敏芳.2005-2014年无锡市滨湖区其他感染性腹泻病疫情流行特征分析[J].预防医学情报杂志,2016,32(4):347-351.
[3]王琦琦,么鸿雁,胡跃华,等.中国1990年与2010年感染性腹泻的疾病负担及变化研究[J].疾病监测,2016,31(3):233-239.
[4]季梦辰,崔立红.急性病毒感染性腹泻病原体研究进展[J].胃肠病学和肝病学杂志,2016,25(7):814-820.
[5]中华医学会儿科学分会消化学组,《中华儿科杂志》编辑委员会.中国儿童急性感染性腹泻病临床实践指南[J].中华儿科杂志,2016,54(7):483-488.
[6]黎健,潘浩,肖文佳,等.上海2013-2015年感染性腹泻病原流行病学特征分析[J].中华预防医学杂志,2017,51(12):1113-1117.
[7]夏艳丽,陈宏伟,王友春,等.微生态调节剂对急性感染性腹泻患者血清炎性因子、肠黏膜屏障功能、肠道菌群的影响研究[J].中华医院感染学杂志,2016,26(21):4844-4846.
[8]管红霞,肖勇,沙丹.2014年无锡市感染性腹泻的病原学分析[J].检验医学,2016,31(11):953-958.
[9]陈小佳,王琼妹,聂绍发.海口地区感染性腹泻病原体监测及流行病学特征分析[J].海南医学,2018,29(13):1902-1904.
[10]孙烨祥,李珊燕,徐来荣,等.2005-2014年宁波市鄞州区感染性腹泻病发病时间聚集性分析[J].实用预防医学,2016,23(5):565-568.
[11]李继珊,崔海洋,秦迪.2011-2015年北京西城区成人门诊腹泻患者诺如病毒与轮状病毒感染的流行病学特征[J].公共卫生与预防医学,2017,28(2):60-63.
[12]张小敏,卢千超,李士正,等.河南省某高校一起诺如病毒感染性腹泻暴发的病原学分析[J].热带医学杂志,2016,16(5):681-683.
[13]刘晓玲,陈青山,吴泰顺.2010-2014年深圳市宝安区其他感染性腹泻流行病学特征[J].实用预防医学,2017,24(1):120-123.
[14]薛鸣,林君芬,徐校平,等.2011-2014年浙江省其他感染性腹泻病发病及病原分析[J].疾病监测,2016,31(3):209-214.
[15]孙传武,金丹,周强.2013-2015年徐州市感染性腹泻病毒病原学监测结果分析[J].现代预防医学,2017,44(13):2448-2452.
[16]蔡妙森,许少坚,李贻汉,等.2014-2015年深圳市龙华新区感染性腹泻病原体监测结果分析[J].热带医学杂志,2016,16(11):1455-1457.
[17]吴红杏,蒲祖伟,姚正才,等.一起因饮水污染所致的学校诺如病毒感染性腹泻暴发调查[J].实用预防医学,2016,23(8):977-979.
[18]陈阿群,陈茂余,韦志楠,等.2012-2016年广东省江门市其他感染性腹泻流行病学特征和监测结果分析[J].疾病监测,2017,32(12):936-939.
[19]吕榜军,黎明强,覃彦香.轮状病毒感染性腹泻流行及疫苗的研究进展[J].现代预防医学,2016,43(4):739-741,757.
[20]李海娇,李丽丽,董瑞强,等.2006-2015年北京市房山区其他感染性腹泻流行特征[J].职业与健康,2017,33(5):639-641.