对板块训练的理论与实践研究
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摘要
利用文献资料、观察、专家访谈、个案研究等方法,通过对多名国外专家学者与教练,包括板块理论提出者之一Issurin进行访谈与求证,以广东皮划艇队德籍外教以传统周期模式设计出的2007年训练计划与以板块周期模式设计出的2009年训练计划为案例进行对比分析,从理论层次与实践应用两个方面对板块训练与传统训练的联系与区别,板块训练的实际应用过程进行阐述。结论:板块训练并非以替代传统训练为目的而出现,而是在周期计划安排过程中为解决比赛次数增多,进一步提高训练效果,在传统训练模式的基础之上进行改进而产生;板块训练具有单周期训练强度高、设计灵活等特点,在实际应用中应根据队员情况进行调整。
According to domestic current situation that research and debate on block training are mainly concentrated on the theoretical level, and have not analyzed and described the practical application of block training, through the methods of literature review, observation, expert interviews and case study, the author consulted with a number of foreign experts and special coaches, including Issurin who is one of presenter of block training theory. Using the sample of training plan from Guangdong canoeing team in 2007,which was designed in traditional periodization mode, and plan in 2009,which was designed in block periodization mode, this study illustrated the connection and difference between the two modes in theory and practice, in addition actual application process of block training theory.This study reaches the conclusion thatthe introduction of block training is not to replace the traditional training for the purpose, but to solve the problem of increasing number of competitions, improve the training efficiency on the base of the traditional training theory. Block training has the characteristics of high intensity and flexible applying in single periodization, in the practical application it should be adjusted according to the actual situation of the athletes.
According to domestic current situation that research and debate on block training are mainly concentrated on the theoretical level, and have not analyzed and described the practical application of block training, through the methods of literature review, observation, expert interviews and case study, the author consulted with a number of foreign experts and special coaches, including Issurin who is one of presenter of block training theory. Using the sample of training plan from Guangdong canoeing team in 2007,which was designed in traditional periodization mode, and plan in 2009,which was designed in block periodization mode, this study illustrated the connection and difference between the two modes in theory and practice, in addition actual application process of block training theory.This study reaches the conclusion thatthe introduction of block training is not to replace the traditional training for the purpose, but to solve the problem of increasing number of competitions, improve the training efficiency on the base of the traditional training theory. Block training has the characteristics of high intensity and flexible applying in single periodization, in the practical application it should be adjusted according to the actual situation of the athletes.
引文
[1]姚颂平.安排运动训练过程的现代分歧[J].上海体育学院学报,2010,34(4):3-10.
[2]姚颂平.运动训练分期理论的本质、现状和发展前景[J].体育科学,2012,32(5):3-11.
[3]陈小平.运动训练长期计划模式的发展——从经典训练分期理论到“板块”训练分期理论[J].体育科学,2016,36(2):3-13.
[4]胡海旭,佟岗,刘文武,沈政,杜长亮.板块周期“叫板”马氏运动训练分期理论——基于科学史的释疑与讨论[J].上海体育学院学报,2015(3):50-55.
[5]傅晓.在比赛增多的形势下大周期训练理论的局限与完善[J].体育学刊,2008,15(7):83-86.
[6]江广和.论“训练周期”理论在运动训练实践中指导地位的续存性[J].体育学刊,2010,17(11):92-96.
[7]李少丹.“周期”训练理论与“板块”训练理论的冲突——训练理论变迁的哲学思考[J]. 北京体育大学学报,2008,31(5):679-681.
[8]王村,杨兴权,钟敏.新赛制下全年周期训练的安排[J].体育学刊,2004,11(2):115-117.
[9]陈晓英.对训练周期理论与板块训练理论的再审视[J].体育学刊,2008,15(11):88-91.
[10]延峰,陆峰.对训练分期问题研究的认识[J]. 首都体育学院学报,2001,13(1):34-37.
[11]申霖,吴玉彪.250m递增乳酸阈测试在广东省皮划艇队十一运会周期中的应用研究[J].中国体育科技,2010(3):57-60.
[12]申霖.十一运周期广东皮划艇队的训练安排特点与实践[J].广州体育学院学报,2010(3):72-75.
[13]申霖.广东皮划艇队两位德国教练员训练及监控手段的应用比较[J].中国体育科技,2014(1):95-99.
[14]邓运龙.训练设计中计划制定的思想与艺术[J].南京体育学院学报,2007(8):17-25.
[15]崔东霞,李钊.运动训练分期理论与板块理论对比之新赛制下运动训练何去何从[J].山东体育学院学报,2012(4):63-67.
[16]崔东霞,李钊.比较与批判:生理学与方法学视野下的分期与板块训练理论[J].上海体育学院学报,2012,36(4):72-75.
[17]许世岩.板块结构下的集中负荷效应训练[J].体育学刊,2008(9):84-88.
[18]李宝泉,李少丹.中国运动训练理论发展的困惑与选择[J].北京体育大学学报,2014(1):139-144.
[19]Vladimir B Issurin. New Horizons for the Methodology and Physiology of Training Periodization[J].Sports Medicine,Mar 2010:189-206.
[20]Vladimir B Issurin .Training Transfer:Scientific Background and Insights for Practical Application[J].Sports Medicine,Apr 2013:675-694.
[2]姚颂平.运动训练分期理论的本质、现状和发展前景[J].体育科学,2012,32(5):3-11.
[3]陈小平.运动训练长期计划模式的发展——从经典训练分期理论到“板块”训练分期理论[J].体育科学,2016,36(2):3-13.
[4]胡海旭,佟岗,刘文武,沈政,杜长亮.板块周期“叫板”马氏运动训练分期理论——基于科学史的释疑与讨论[J].上海体育学院学报,2015(3):50-55.
[5]傅晓.在比赛增多的形势下大周期训练理论的局限与完善[J].体育学刊,2008,15(7):83-86.
[6]江广和.论“训练周期”理论在运动训练实践中指导地位的续存性[J].体育学刊,2010,17(11):92-96.
[7]李少丹.“周期”训练理论与“板块”训练理论的冲突——训练理论变迁的哲学思考[J]. 北京体育大学学报,2008,31(5):679-681.
[8]王村,杨兴权,钟敏.新赛制下全年周期训练的安排[J].体育学刊,2004,11(2):115-117.
[9]陈晓英.对训练周期理论与板块训练理论的再审视[J].体育学刊,2008,15(11):88-91.
[10]延峰,陆峰.对训练分期问题研究的认识[J]. 首都体育学院学报,2001,13(1):34-37.
[11]申霖,吴玉彪.250m递增乳酸阈测试在广东省皮划艇队十一运会周期中的应用研究[J].中国体育科技,2010(3):57-60.
[12]申霖.十一运周期广东皮划艇队的训练安排特点与实践[J].广州体育学院学报,2010(3):72-75.
[13]申霖.广东皮划艇队两位德国教练员训练及监控手段的应用比较[J].中国体育科技,2014(1):95-99.
[14]邓运龙.训练设计中计划制定的思想与艺术[J].南京体育学院学报,2007(8):17-25.
[15]崔东霞,李钊.运动训练分期理论与板块理论对比之新赛制下运动训练何去何从[J].山东体育学院学报,2012(4):63-67.
[16]崔东霞,李钊.比较与批判:生理学与方法学视野下的分期与板块训练理论[J].上海体育学院学报,2012,36(4):72-75.
[17]许世岩.板块结构下的集中负荷效应训练[J].体育学刊,2008(9):84-88.
[18]李宝泉,李少丹.中国运动训练理论发展的困惑与选择[J].北京体育大学学报,2014(1):139-144.
[19]Vladimir B Issurin. New Horizons for the Methodology and Physiology of Training Periodization[J].Sports Medicine,Mar 2010:189-206.
[20]Vladimir B Issurin .Training Transfer:Scientific Background and Insights for Practical Application[J].Sports Medicine,Apr 2013:675-694.
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