论周必大的文学思想
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摘要
周必大的文学思想颇具卓识,强调文学的政教功能和道德涵养,提出了"气全理正"的理气说,很大程度上代表了南宋中兴时期官方的文学理念;在创作主体个性问题上,强调"气"与"学",反映了宋代博学的文学风尚。周必大重视诗文之辨,对笔记、小说、词等文体则流露轻视之意,体现出正统而保守的文体观念。周必大的文学思想对南宋文坛的健康发展有一定的促进之功,对后世主流文论也颇具启发意义。
The literary thoughts of Zhou Bida emphasize the political and educational function and moral cultivation of literature. Zhou Bida put forward the theory of Li(reason) and Qi(spirit) that largely represents the official literary idea during the reviving period of the Southern Song Dynasty. Meanwhile, he stresses Qi(spirit) and Xue(knowledge) of creation subject, reflecting the learned literary ethos in the Southern Song Dynasty. He pays more attention to poems than to notes, novels and Ci(verse). This view of style is a little conservative. In a word, his literary thoughts pushed the literary circles of the Southern Song Dynasty into a way of sound development and had a certain significance for the literary theory in later generations.
The literary thoughts of Zhou Bida emphasize the political and educational function and moral cultivation of literature. Zhou Bida put forward the theory of Li(reason) and Qi(spirit) that largely represents the official literary idea during the reviving period of the Southern Song Dynasty. Meanwhile, he stresses Qi(spirit) and Xue(knowledge) of creation subject, reflecting the learned literary ethos in the Southern Song Dynasty. He pays more attention to poems than to notes, novels and Ci(verse). This view of style is a little conservative. In a word, his literary thoughts pushed the literary circles of the Southern Song Dynasty into a way of sound development and had a certain significance for the literary theory in later generations.
引文
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[2]朱迎平.宋文论稿[M].上海:上海财经大学出版社,2003.
[3]周必大.文忠集[A].文渊阁四库全书[C].台北:商务印书馆,1986.
[4]朱彬.礼记训纂[M].饶钦农点校.北京:中华书局,1996.
[5]班固.汉书·艺文志[M].北京:中华书局,1962.
[6]周裕锴.宋代诗学通论[M].成都:巴蜀书社,1997.
[7]欧阳修,宋祁.新唐书[M].北京:中华书局,1975.
[8]司马光.司马温公集编年笺注[M].成都:巴蜀书社,2009.
[9]张耒.张耒集[M].北京:中华书局,1999.
[10]李石.方舟集[A].文渊阁四库全书:第1149册[C].台北:商务印书馆,1986.
[11]苏辙.栾城集[M].曾枣庄,马德富点校.上海:上海古籍出版社,2009.
[12]叶适.习学记言序目[M].北京:中华书局,1977.
[13]陆游.陆游集·渭南文集[M].北京:中华书局,1975.
[14]朱熹.朱熹集[M].郭齐,尹波点校.成都:四川教育出版社,1996.
[15]王柏.鲁斋集[A].文渊阁四库全书:第1186册[C].台北:商务印书馆,1986.
[16]李修生.全元文[Z]南京:江苏古籍出版社,1999.
[17]范文澜.文心雕龙注[M].北京:人民文学出版社,1958.
[18]陈师道.后山诗话[A].历代诗话本[C].北京:中华书局,1981.
[19]黄庭坚.黄庭坚全集[M].刘琳,等校点.成都:四川大学出版社,2001.
[20]戴复古.戴复古诗集[M].杭州:浙江古籍出版社,1992.
[21]张孝祥.于湖先生文集[M].上海:上海古籍出版社,1980.
[22]吴承学.中国古代文体形态研究[M].广州:中山大学出版社,2002.
[23]元好问.元好问全集[M].太原:山西古籍出版社,2004.
[24]王文禄.文脉[A].王水照.历代文话[C].上海:复旦大学出版社,2007.