明代贵州解元研究
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摘要
贵州建省晚,开科尤晚,故而其明代解元数量少于他省。从其时间分布看,万历朝解元的科举成绩相对优异;从空间分布看,多集中于滇黔主干道所涉府县,宣慰司、思南、清平、普安为最优者。地理交通因素、地方文教因素、家族文化因素均是解元产生的重要原因。
Guizhou was built late as a province and began to host imperial competitive examinations even later, therefore having fewer top winners in the Imperial Examinations(Jieyuan) than other provinces in the Ming Dynasty. From its time distribution, the imperial examination results of Jieyuans in the Wanli Dynasty were relatively excellent and from the spatial distribution, the Jieyuans were more concentrated in Yunnan Province involved counties and pacifications along the main roads, such as Sinan, Pingqing and Pu'an with geographic communication, local literacy education and clan culture as the major causes for this to happen.
Guizhou was built late as a province and began to host imperial competitive examinations even later, therefore having fewer top winners in the Imperial Examinations(Jieyuan) than other provinces in the Ming Dynasty. From its time distribution, the imperial examination results of Jieyuans in the Wanli Dynasty were relatively excellent and from the spatial distribution, the Jieyuans were more concentrated in Yunnan Province involved counties and pacifications along the main roads, such as Sinan, Pingqing and Pu'an with geographic communication, local literacy education and clan culture as the major causes for this to happen.
引文
[1] 明宣宗实录:卷9:“洪熙元年九月乙卯”条[M].台北中央研究院历史语言研究所校勘本.上海:上海书店出版社,1984:245.
[2] 明宣宗实录:卷28:“宣德二年六月己未”条[M].台北中央研究院历史语言研究所校勘本.上海:上海书店出版社,1984:741.
[3] 田秋.请开贵州乡科疏[M]//中国地方志集成:省志辑:贵州.南京:凤凰出版社,2010:506.
[4] 刘书年.刘贵阳遗稿:卷3:黔行日记[M]//黔南丛书:别集.贵阳:贵阳文通书局,1943.
[5] 张思源.独立开科前的明代贵州科举[J].兰台世界,2011(28):19.
[6] 沈庠.贵州图经新志[M]//四库存目丛书:史部:199册.济南:齐鲁书社,1996.
[7] 贵州通志:人物志:总部[M].贵阳:贵阳文通书局,1948.
[8] 黄文树.明代提学官制与孙应鳌《教秦绪言》教育训词探析[J].汉学研究集刊,2009(9):149.
[9] 黔诗纪略:卷五[z].同治十二年遵义唐氏梦研斋金陵刻本.
[2] 明宣宗实录:卷28:“宣德二年六月己未”条[M].台北中央研究院历史语言研究所校勘本.上海:上海书店出版社,1984:741.
[3] 田秋.请开贵州乡科疏[M]//中国地方志集成:省志辑:贵州.南京:凤凰出版社,2010:506.
[4] 刘书年.刘贵阳遗稿:卷3:黔行日记[M]//黔南丛书:别集.贵阳:贵阳文通书局,1943.
[5] 张思源.独立开科前的明代贵州科举[J].兰台世界,2011(28):19.
[6] 沈庠.贵州图经新志[M]//四库存目丛书:史部:199册.济南:齐鲁书社,1996.
[7] 贵州通志:人物志:总部[M].贵阳:贵阳文通书局,1948.
[8] 黄文树.明代提学官制与孙应鳌《教秦绪言》教育训词探析[J].汉学研究集刊,2009(9):149.
[9] 黔诗纪略:卷五[z].同治十二年遵义唐氏梦研斋金陵刻本.