九江市学龄前儿童意外伤害发生情况及影响因素研究
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摘要
目的了解九江市学龄前儿童意外伤害发生情况及影响因素,为制定防控策略提供依据。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法,在选取的6所幼儿园中分别随机抽取大、中、小班各1个班,以抽中班级的所有儿童家长作为调查对象,由现场调查员指导每位儿童家长完成调查问卷,问卷内容包括学龄前儿童基本情况、家庭情况以及过去1年各种意外伤害发生情况等。采用单因素和多因素logistic回归方法进行伤害发生影响因素分析。结果共调查486名学龄前儿童,过去1年内发生意外伤害98例,意外伤害发生率为20.16%。男、女儿童意外伤害发生率分别为24.02%和15.95%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。相比喜静儿童,爱动儿童的意外伤害发生率(24.79%)更高(P<0.01)。大、中、小班儿童的意外伤害发生率分别为23.46%、19.88%和16.44%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。多因素分析结果显示,母亲照顾时间较多(OR=0.312)和家庭月均收入高(OR=0.184)是学龄前儿童发生意外伤害的保护因素,儿童爱动的性格特点(OR=2.192)和父母离异(OR=1.891)是发生意外伤害的危险因素。结论学龄前儿童的性格特点以及家庭环境是影响意外伤害发生的重要因素,应加强父母的安全健康教育,预防意外伤害的发生。
Objective To understand the incidence and influencing factors of accidental injury among preschool children in Jiujiang City,so as to provide a basis for formulating prevention and control strategies. Methods Stratified cluster sampling was adopted to randomly select children from one top,middle and bottom class in the selected 6 kindergartens. Parents of selected children completed self-designed questionnaires under the guidance of field investigators,to collect information of the characteristics of preschool children and family,and accidental injuries occurred in the past year. The influencing factors of injury were identified by the chi-square test or multivariate logistic regression model. Results A total of486 preschool children were investigated,including 98 cases of accidental injury occurred in the past one year,and the incidence of accidental injuries was 20. 16%. The incidences of accidental injuries in the boys and girls were 24. 02% and 15. 95%,respectively( P < 0. 05). The incidence of accidental injuries was higher in active children( 24. 79%) than that in quite ones( P < 0. 01). The incidences of accidental injuries of preschoolers in top,middle,and bottom classes were 23. 46%,19. 88%,and 16. 44%,respectively( P > 0. 05). Multivariate logistic regression showed that prolonged maternal care( OR = 0. 312)and high family income( OR = 0. 184) were protective factors,the children's active and brisk characters( OR = 2. 192) and parental divorce( OR = 1. 891) were risk factors for accidental injuries in children.Conclusion The characters and family environment of preschool children were important factors influencing the occurrence of accidental injury. Safety and health education should be strengthened for parents to prevent the occurrence of accidental injuries.
Objective To understand the incidence and influencing factors of accidental injury among preschool children in Jiujiang City,so as to provide a basis for formulating prevention and control strategies. Methods Stratified cluster sampling was adopted to randomly select children from one top,middle and bottom class in the selected 6 kindergartens. Parents of selected children completed self-designed questionnaires under the guidance of field investigators,to collect information of the characteristics of preschool children and family,and accidental injuries occurred in the past year. The influencing factors of injury were identified by the chi-square test or multivariate logistic regression model. Results A total of486 preschool children were investigated,including 98 cases of accidental injury occurred in the past one year,and the incidence of accidental injuries was 20. 16%. The incidences of accidental injuries in the boys and girls were 24. 02% and 15. 95%,respectively( P < 0. 05). The incidence of accidental injuries was higher in active children( 24. 79%) than that in quite ones( P < 0. 01). The incidences of accidental injuries of preschoolers in top,middle,and bottom classes were 23. 46%,19. 88%,and 16. 44%,respectively( P > 0. 05). Multivariate logistic regression showed that prolonged maternal care( OR = 0. 312)and high family income( OR = 0. 184) were protective factors,the children's active and brisk characters( OR = 2. 192) and parental divorce( OR = 1. 891) were risk factors for accidental injuries in children.Conclusion The characters and family environment of preschool children were important factors influencing the occurrence of accidental injury. Safety and health education should be strengthened for parents to prevent the occurrence of accidental injuries.
引文
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[2]王声湧.伤害流行病学[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2003:11-13.
[3]吴康敏.我国儿童意外伤害现状及干预分析[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2013,21(10):1009-1011,1015.
[4]何春燕,周晓军,周文正,等.重庆市3~6岁儿童伤害现状及影响因素分析[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2017,25(5):530-533.
[5]张国珍,马金凤,姚雪梅,等.乌鲁木齐市学龄前儿童意外伤害现状及影响因素研究[J].中国卫生产业,2015,2(4):7-8.
[6]陈雄飞,吴雪霁,利耀辉,等.广州市3~6岁儿童伤害发生状况及其影响因素分析[J].伤害医学(电子版),2015,4(1):19-22.
[7]毛平,何薇,曹海梅,等.湖南省某贫困县学龄前留守儿童意外伤害分析研究[J].中国现代医学杂志,2015,25(9):77-80.
[8]杨玉玲,薛玲,崔立华,等.淄博市农村3~6岁儿童意外伤害的调查与分析[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2014,22(1):93-95.
[9]赵华硕,卞静,何鹏,等.徐州市学龄前儿童意外伤害现状及影响因素分析[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2013,21(10):1069-1071.
[10]王敏.临安市学龄前儿童意外伤害现状及相关因素研究[D].上海:复旦大学,2012.
[11]蒋武,潘春惠,刘伟,等.南宁市学龄前儿童意外伤害的流行病学调查[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2011,19(1):24-26.
[12]江可阳.我国宠物行业发展问题与解决路径探析[J].现代畜牧兽医杂志,2017(5):55-58.
[13]唐颖,郝志红,胡瑞杰,等.太原市母亲教养方式对学龄儿童伤害倾向的影响[J].中国学校卫生,2017,38(4):526-529.