基于SPH法的正弦形消力池底板水跃现象数值模拟
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摘要
利用光滑质点水动力学法(SPH方法)对正弦形消力池底板上的水跃现象进行数值建模,共模拟2种波形5种工况。将SPH方法的模拟值与已有文献的试验值作对比,验证数值模型及数值方法研究此类问题的可行性和适用性,并分析水面线、流速分布、跃长、共轭水深、消能率等水跃特性的变化规律。结果表明:SPH方法模拟结果与试验结果吻合度较高;水跃段流速分布不均匀、自由表面波动较大,且流层间存在相对运动从而形成旋滚,同等条件下随着弗劳德数的递增,掺气量和自由表面破碎现象越来越剧烈,旋滚的影响范围逐渐变大;正弦形底板消能率较光滑底板提高10%左右且所有工况消能率均在47%以上。
Smooth particle hydrodynamics(SPH) method is used to study the characteristics of hydraulic jumps in a stilling basin with two kinds of sinusoidal corrugated beds under five conditions. Numerical results were compared with existing experimental values to verify the feasibility and applicability of the proposed numerical model and method. Characteristics of the water surface profile, the velocity distribution, the length of hydraulic jump, the conjugate depth ratio and the energy dissipation rate were analyzed. The present research shows that the results of SPH method is in a good agreement with experiments. The velocity distribution in the hydraulic jump section is non-uniform with relatively intensive free surface fluctuation. Eddies are formed due to the relative motion between the flow layers. With the increase of Fr number under the same conditions, the aeration and the free surface breakage phenomenon are more severe, and the influence range of the eddies gradually becomes wider. The energy dissipation rates on corrugated beds in all cases are above 47%, about 10% higher compared with those on smooth beds.
Smooth particle hydrodynamics(SPH) method is used to study the characteristics of hydraulic jumps in a stilling basin with two kinds of sinusoidal corrugated beds under five conditions. Numerical results were compared with existing experimental values to verify the feasibility and applicability of the proposed numerical model and method. Characteristics of the water surface profile, the velocity distribution, the length of hydraulic jump, the conjugate depth ratio and the energy dissipation rate were analyzed. The present research shows that the results of SPH method is in a good agreement with experiments. The velocity distribution in the hydraulic jump section is non-uniform with relatively intensive free surface fluctuation. Eddies are formed due to the relative motion between the flow layers. With the increase of Fr number under the same conditions, the aeration and the free surface breakage phenomenon are more severe, and the influence range of the eddies gradually becomes wider. The energy dissipation rates on corrugated beds in all cases are above 47%, about 10% higher compared with those on smooth beds.
引文
[1]王胜,李连侠,孙炯,等.多级连续消力池水跃的水力特性模型试验[J].水利水电科技进展,2012,32(4):23-28.(WANG Sheng,LI Lianxia,SUN Jiong,et al.An experimental study on characteristics of hydraulic jumps in multiple continuous stilling basins[J].Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resources,2012,32(4):23-28.(in Chinese))
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[8]SAMADI B H,GHAZALI M,GORBANI B.Effect of triangular corrugated beds on the hydraulic jump characteristics[J].Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering,2013,40(9):841-847.
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[13]魏文礼,李小欢,洪云飞,等.三角形波浪底板消力池自由水跃水力特性的数值模拟[J].武汉大学学报(工学版),2017,50(2):207-212.(WEI Wenli,LIXiaohuan,HONG Yunfei,et al.Numerical simulation study of hydraulic characteristics of hydraulic jump on triangular corrugated beds of stilling basin[J].Engineering Journal of Wuhan University,2017,50(2):207-212.(in Chinese))
[14]程香菊,陈永灿.波浪形底板上水跃的数值模拟[J].水利学报,2005,36(10):1252-1257.(CHENG Xiangju,CHEN Yongcan.Numerical simulation of hydraulic jumps on corrugated beds[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2005,36(10):1252-1257.(in Chinese))
[15]ABBASPOUR A,FARSADIZADEH D,DALIR A H,et al.Numerical study of hydraulic jumps on corrugated beds using turbulence models[J].Turkish Journal of Chemistry,2009,33(1):61-72.
[16]吴建华,韩东旭,周宇.水跃掺气池的掺气特性[J].水利水电科技进展,2016,36(3):31-35.(WU Jianhua,HAN Dongxu,ZHOU Yu.Air-entrainment characteristics of hydraulic jump aeration basin[J].Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resources,2016,36(3):31-35.(in Chinese))
[17]杜小弢,吴卫,龚凯,等.二维滑坡涌浪的SPH方法数值模拟[J].水动力学研究与进展:A辑,2006,21(5):579-586.(DU Xiaotao,WU Wei,GONG Kai,et al.Two-dmiensional SPH smiulation of water waves generated by underwater landslide[J].Chinese Journal of Hydrodynamics,2006,21(5):579-586.(in Chinese))
[18]强洪夫,石超,陈福振,等.基于大密度差多相流SPH方法的二维液滴碰撞数值模拟[J].物理学报,2013,62(21):245-259.(QIANG Hongfu,SHI Chao,CHENFuzhen,et al.Simulation of two-dimensional droplet collisions based on SPH method of multi-phase flows with large density differences[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2013,62(21):245-259.(in Chinese))
[19]GU Shenglong,ZHENG Xianpei,REN Liqun,et al.SWE-SPHysics simulation of dam break flows at south-gate gorges reservoir[J].Water,2017,9(6),W9060387.
[20]GU Shenglong,REN Liqun,WANG Xing et al.SPHysics simulation of experimental spillway hydraulics[J].Water,2017,9(12),W9120973.
[21]EAD S A,RAJARATNAM N,KATOPODIS C,et al.Turbulent open-channel flow in circular corrugated culverts[J].Journal Hydraulic Engineering,2002,126(10):750-757.
[22]吴玉帅.基于光滑质点水动力学(SPH)方法台阶式溢洪道的数值模拟[D].西宁:青海大学,2016.
[2]EAD S A,RAJARATNAM N.Hydraulic jumps on corrugated beds[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2002,128(7):656-663.
[3]HUGHES W C,ERNEST F J.Hydraulic jump properties over a rough bed[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,1984,110(12):1755-1771.
[4]TOKYAY N D.Effect of channel bed corrugations on hydraulic jumps[C]//Impacts of Global Climate Change.Alaska:EWRI,2005:408-416.
[5]IZADJOO F,SHAFAI B M.Corrugated bed hydraulic jump stilling basin[J].Journal of Applied Sciences,2007,7(8):1164-1169.
[6]ABBASPOUR A,DALIR A H,FARSADIZADEH D.Effect of sinusoidal corrugated bed on hydraulic jump characteristics[J].Journal of Hydro-environment Research,2009,3(2):109-117.
[7]ELSEBAIE I H,SHABAYEK S.Formation of hydraulic jumps on corrugated beds[J].International Journal of Civil Environment and Engineering,2010,10(1):37-47.
[8]SAMADI B H,GHAZALI M,GORBANI B.Effect of triangular corrugated beds on the hydraulic jump characteristics[J].Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering,2013,40(9):841-847.
[9]傅铭焕,张志昌,梁锋,等.波状床面消力池水跃特性试验分析[J].水利水运工程学报,2016(1):100-106.(FU Minghuan,ZHANG Zhichang,LIANG Feng,et al.Test analysis of characteristics of hydraulic jump on corrugated beds of stilling basin[J].Hydro-Science and Engineering,2016(1):100-106.(in Chinese))
[10]张志昌,傅铭焕,李若冰.波状床面消力池共轭水深和水跃长度的计算[J].水力发电学报,2014,33(5):120-127.(ZHANG Zhichang,FU Minghuan,LIRuobing.Calculation of conjugate depths and length of jump on corrugated beds of stilling basin[J].Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering,2014,33(5):120-127.(in Chinese))
[11]张志昌,傅铭焕,赵莹,等.波浪形底板消力池自由水跃特性的探讨[J].应用力学学报,2013,30(6):870-875.(ZHANG Zhichang,FU Minghuan,ZHAO Ying,et al.Study on properties of free hydraulic jump on corrugated beds of stilling basin[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics,2013,30(6):870-875.(in Chinese))
[12]魏文礼,洪云飞,刘玉玲.波浪形底板消力池自由水跃水力特性数值模拟[J].系统仿真学报,2017,29(4):918-925.(WEI Wenli,HONG Yunfei,LIU Yuling.Numerical simulation on hydraulic characteristics of free hydraulic jump on corrugated beds of stilling basin[J].Journal of System Simulation,2017,29(4):918-925.(in Chinese))
[13]魏文礼,李小欢,洪云飞,等.三角形波浪底板消力池自由水跃水力特性的数值模拟[J].武汉大学学报(工学版),2017,50(2):207-212.(WEI Wenli,LIXiaohuan,HONG Yunfei,et al.Numerical simulation study of hydraulic characteristics of hydraulic jump on triangular corrugated beds of stilling basin[J].Engineering Journal of Wuhan University,2017,50(2):207-212.(in Chinese))
[14]程香菊,陈永灿.波浪形底板上水跃的数值模拟[J].水利学报,2005,36(10):1252-1257.(CHENG Xiangju,CHEN Yongcan.Numerical simulation of hydraulic jumps on corrugated beds[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2005,36(10):1252-1257.(in Chinese))
[15]ABBASPOUR A,FARSADIZADEH D,DALIR A H,et al.Numerical study of hydraulic jumps on corrugated beds using turbulence models[J].Turkish Journal of Chemistry,2009,33(1):61-72.
[16]吴建华,韩东旭,周宇.水跃掺气池的掺气特性[J].水利水电科技进展,2016,36(3):31-35.(WU Jianhua,HAN Dongxu,ZHOU Yu.Air-entrainment characteristics of hydraulic jump aeration basin[J].Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resources,2016,36(3):31-35.(in Chinese))
[17]杜小弢,吴卫,龚凯,等.二维滑坡涌浪的SPH方法数值模拟[J].水动力学研究与进展:A辑,2006,21(5):579-586.(DU Xiaotao,WU Wei,GONG Kai,et al.Two-dmiensional SPH smiulation of water waves generated by underwater landslide[J].Chinese Journal of Hydrodynamics,2006,21(5):579-586.(in Chinese))
[18]强洪夫,石超,陈福振,等.基于大密度差多相流SPH方法的二维液滴碰撞数值模拟[J].物理学报,2013,62(21):245-259.(QIANG Hongfu,SHI Chao,CHENFuzhen,et al.Simulation of two-dimensional droplet collisions based on SPH method of multi-phase flows with large density differences[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2013,62(21):245-259.(in Chinese))
[19]GU Shenglong,ZHENG Xianpei,REN Liqun,et al.SWE-SPHysics simulation of dam break flows at south-gate gorges reservoir[J].Water,2017,9(6),W9060387.
[20]GU Shenglong,REN Liqun,WANG Xing et al.SPHysics simulation of experimental spillway hydraulics[J].Water,2017,9(12),W9120973.
[21]EAD S A,RAJARATNAM N,KATOPODIS C,et al.Turbulent open-channel flow in circular corrugated culverts[J].Journal Hydraulic Engineering,2002,126(10):750-757.
[22]吴玉帅.基于光滑质点水动力学(SPH)方法台阶式溢洪道的数值模拟[D].西宁:青海大学,2016.
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