耕作深度对红壤坡耕地花生根系生长及活力的影响
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摘要
依托2015年设置的红壤坡耕地耕作深度试验,选取免耕(NT)和梯度耕作深度处理(P10:翻耕10 cm; P20:翻耕20 cm; P30:翻耕30 cm),研究了耕作深度对花生根长及根系活力的影响。结果表明:(1)耕作处理在促进根系生长方面明显优于NT处理,尤其以P20、P30处理的效果更佳,但根系增长潜力以NT处理最大;(2)与NT处理相比,P10、P20处理有利于提高花生各生育期的根系活力,缓解花生根系衰老效果以P20处理最佳;(3)不同耕作深度通过影响花生根系生长及其关键生育期根系活力,进而影响花生产量的形成。
The effects of tillage depth on the root growth and root activity of peanut in red soil slope field were studied in2015 through field test,which set up the following four treatments: NT,no tillage; P10,ploughing depth 10 cm; P20,ploughing depth 20 cm; P30,ploughing depth 30 cm. The results showed that:( 1) The three tillage treatments( especially P20 and P30)were obviously better than NT treatment in promoting root growth of peanut,but the root growth potential was the greatest in NT treatment;( 2) In comparison with NT treatment,the treatments P10 and P20 were beneficial to the increase in root activity of peanut at various growth stages,and the latter treatment had the best effect of alleviating peanut root senescence;( 3) The different tillage-depth treatments could affect the formation of peanut yield through affecting its root growth and root activity at key growth stages.
The effects of tillage depth on the root growth and root activity of peanut in red soil slope field were studied in2015 through field test,which set up the following four treatments: NT,no tillage; P10,ploughing depth 10 cm; P20,ploughing depth 20 cm; P30,ploughing depth 30 cm. The results showed that:( 1) The three tillage treatments( especially P20 and P30)were obviously better than NT treatment in promoting root growth of peanut,but the root growth potential was the greatest in NT treatment;( 2) In comparison with NT treatment,the treatments P10 and P20 were beneficial to the increase in root activity of peanut at various growth stages,and the latter treatment had the best effect of alleviating peanut root senescence;( 3) The different tillage-depth treatments could affect the formation of peanut yield through affecting its root growth and root activity at key growth stages.
引文
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[2]刘坤,陈新平,张福锁.不同灌溉策略下冬小麦根系的分布与水分养分的空间有效性[J].土壤学报,2003,40(5):697-703.
[3]张喜英.提高农田水分利用效率的调控机制[J].中国生态农业学报,2013,21(1):80-87.
[4] Jonathan P L. Root phenes for enhanced soil exploration and phosphorus acquisition:Tools for future crops[J]. Plant Physiology,2011,156(3):1041-1049.
[5]童文杰,邓小鹏,徐照丽,等.不同耕作深度对土壤物理性状及烤烟根系空间分布特征的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2016,24(11):1464-1472.
[6]梁金凤,齐庆振,贾小红,等.不同耕作方式对土壤性质与玉米生长的影响研究[J].生态环境学报,2010,19(4):945-950.
[7]赵亚丽,薛志伟,郭海斌,等.耕作方式与秸秆还田对土壤呼吸的影响及机理[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(19):155-165.
[8]邹文秀,陆欣春,韩晓增,等.耕作深度及秸秆还田对农田黑土土壤供水能力及作物产量的影响[J].土壤与作物,2016(3):141-149.
[9]邹琦.植物生理生化实验指导[D].北京:中国农业出版社,2000.
[10]刘晚苟,山仑,邓西平.不同土壤水分条件下土壤容重对玉米根系生长的影响[J].西北植物学报,2002,22(4):831-838.
[11]王群,张学林,李全忠,等.紧实胁迫对不同土壤类型玉米养分吸收、分配及产量的影响[J].中国农业科学,2010,43(21):4356-4366.
[12]王月福,徐亮,赵长星,等.施磷对花生积累氮素来源和产量的影响[J].土壤通报,2012,43(2):444-450.
[13]贾立华,赵长星,王月福,等.不同质地土壤对花生根系生长、分布和产量的影响[J].植物生态学报,2013,37(7):684-690.
[14]李迪秦,段春奇,秦建权,等.施N对超级杂交稻中后期根系活力和产量的影响[J].作物研究,2009,23(2):71-73.
[15]朱金峰,王小东,郭传滨,等.施用微生物菌剂对土壤关键酶活性和烤烟根系生长的影响[J].江西农业学报,2015,27(9):31-35.
[16]李鑫,张永清,王大勇,等.水氮耦合对红小豆根系生理生态及产量的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2015,23(12):1511-1519.