壬基酚对羊角月牙藻的毒性效应研究
|
摘要
为研究壬基酚(NP)对淡水微藻的毒性效应特点,选取模式生物羊角月牙藻(Selenastrum capricornutum)为受试对象,设置5个暴露处理浓度:0.1,0.3,0.6,0.9,1.2mg/L.观察并测定羊角月牙藻的生长情况、叶绿素含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量等指标,并通过植物光合效率仪测定叶绿素荧光诱导动力学参数,分析NP对光系统Ⅱ(PSⅡ)的影响.结果表明,NP限制羊角月牙藻生长的96h EC50为0.979mg/L;NP处理浓度为0.3mg/L时,可以对羊角月牙藻生长产生抑制效应,与对照组相比,主要光合色素(叶绿素)含量下降,MDA含量显著增加,过氧化氢酶(CAT)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性显著上升,最大光能转化效率(Fv/Fm)显著下降,ABS/RC(单位反应中心吸收光能)显著上升,DI0/RC(单位反应中心耗散能量)、ET0/RC(单位反应中心捕获用于电子传递的能量)、TR0/RC(反应中心用于还原QA的能量)也随之升高;当处理浓度≥0.9mg/L后,CAT和SOD活性、TR0/RC显著下降,DI0/RC显著升高,表明PSⅡ受到损伤.由此可知,NP能够破坏膜系统完整性、诱发抗氧化系统响应并造成PSⅡ损伤,降低光能转化效率,对羊角月牙藻具有毒性效应,对水域生态系统具有潜在风险.
In order to investigate the toxic effects of nonyphenol(NP) on fresh microalgae, Selenastrum capricornutumwas exposed to NP with concentrations of 0.1, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, and 1.2 mg/L. The growth, chlorophyll content, superoxide dismutase(SOD), catalase(CAT), and malondialdehyde(MDA) were measured. Besides, chlorophyll fluorescence was obtained through a handy PEA, investigating the influence of NP on the PSⅡ reaction center. The results showed that the 96 h EC50 of NP on S. capricornutum was 0.979 mg/L. It was found that 0.3 mg/L of NP could significantly inhibit the growth of S. capricornutum with decrease in contents of chlorophyll and maximal photochemistry(Fv/Fm), while increase in contents of MDA, activities of SOD and CAT, light absorbed by PSⅡ(ABS/RC), TR0/RC and the dissipation of energy from reaction centers(DI0/RC). More importantly, the cellular membrane system and PSⅡ reaction center of S.capricornutum were damaged obviously when the NP concentrations were higher than 0.9 mg/L: the activities of SOD and CAT, and TR0/RC were reduced, while DI0/RC was increased significantly. As a consequent, NP is toxic to S. capricornutum and it may be a potential risk to the aquatic ecosystem.
In order to investigate the toxic effects of nonyphenol(NP) on fresh microalgae, Selenastrum capricornutumwas exposed to NP with concentrations of 0.1, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, and 1.2 mg/L. The growth, chlorophyll content, superoxide dismutase(SOD), catalase(CAT), and malondialdehyde(MDA) were measured. Besides, chlorophyll fluorescence was obtained through a handy PEA, investigating the influence of NP on the PSⅡ reaction center. The results showed that the 96 h EC50 of NP on S. capricornutum was 0.979 mg/L. It was found that 0.3 mg/L of NP could significantly inhibit the growth of S. capricornutum with decrease in contents of chlorophyll and maximal photochemistry(Fv/Fm), while increase in contents of MDA, activities of SOD and CAT, light absorbed by PSⅡ(ABS/RC), TR0/RC and the dissipation of energy from reaction centers(DI0/RC). More importantly, the cellular membrane system and PSⅡ reaction center of S.capricornutum were damaged obviously when the NP concentrations were higher than 0.9 mg/L: the activities of SOD and CAT, and TR0/RC were reduced, while DI0/RC was increased significantly. As a consequent, NP is toxic to S. capricornutum and it may be a potential risk to the aquatic ecosystem.
引文
[1]Ying G G,Williams B,Kookana R.Environmental fate of alkylphenols and alkylphenol ethoxylates--a review[J].Environment International,2002,28(3):215-26.
[2]周自坚,虢清伟,王丽,等.壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚在印染废水处理工艺中的去除研究[J].环境工程学报,2014,8(8):3107-3113.
[3]连静,刘俊新.NPEOs及其代谢产物在城市污水处理厂中的归趋分析[J].环境科学,2012,33(9):3295-3300.
[4]Fu M,Li Z,Gao H.Distribution characteristics of nonylphenol in Jiaozhou Bay of Qingdao and its adjacent rivers[J].Chemosphere,2007,69(7):1009-16.
[5]Xu J,Wang P,Guo W,et al.Seasonal and spatial distribution of nonylphenol in Lanzhou Reach of Yellow River in China.[J].Chemosphere,2006,65(9):1445-1451.
[6]Diao P,Qi C,Rui W,et al.Phenolic endocrine-disrupting compounds in the Pearl River Estuary:Occurrence,bioaccumulation and risk assessment[J].Science of the Total Environment,2017,s584–585:1100-1107.
[7]向昆仑.壬基酚、辛基酚、双酚A在珠江口水生动物体内的积累特征[D].广州:暨南大学,2015.
[8]陈慰双.我国水环境中壬基酚的污染现状及生态风险评估[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2013.
[9]吴天伟,孙艺,崔蓉,等.内分泌干扰物壬基酚与辛基酚的污染现状与毒性的研究进展[J].环境化学,2017,36(5):951-959.
[10]唐思,刘伟杰,段舜山.壬基酚对多刺裸腹溞连续世代的毒性效应[J].生态毒理学报,2016,11(2):275-282.
[11]孙凯峰.环境激素壬基酚对枝角类浮游动物的生殖干扰效应研究[D].广州:暨南大学,2012.
[12]夏继刚,牛翠娟,傅俊华,等.壬基酚对斑马鱼求偶行为的生态毒理效应[J].水生生物学报,2012,36(6):1142-1148.
[13]夏继刚,牛翠娟,高颖,等.壬基酚长期暴露对斑马鱼雄鱼第二性征、精子活力的影响[J].生态毒理学报,2010,5(1):44-49.
[14]刘晓丽,汪奇,贾林芝,等.壬基酚对斑马鱼精巢组织及性激素合成酶基因表达的影响[J].环境科学学报,2011,31(11):2523-2529.
[15]何宁,刘伟杰,孙东,等.典型环境激素壬基酚对水产品安全性的影响[J].生态科学,2013,32(5):654-659.
[16]孙凯峰,孙东,綦世斌,等.壬基酚对浮游生物的毒性效应及其食物链传递研究[J].中国环境科学,2016,36(12):3816-3823.
[17]谢菁,区又君.微藻在水域生态系统中的作用[J].海洋与渔业,2007,(7):26-28.
[18]Correa-Reyes G,Viana M T,Marquez-Rocha F J,et al.Nonylphenol algal bioaccumulation and its effect through the trophic chain.[J].Chemosphere,2007,68(4):662-670.
[19]Gao Q T,Wong Y S,Tam N F Y.Antioxidant responses of different microalgal species to nonylphenol-induced oxidative stress[J].Journal of Applied Phycology,2017,29(3):1317-1329.
[20]苏甜,李义刚,欧瑞康,等.镉离子对羊角月牙藻光合作用及其抗氧化酶的毒性影响[J].生态科学,2014,33(2):301-306.
[21]Gao Q T,Tam N F.Growth,photosynthesis and antioxidant responses of two microalgal species,Chlorella vulgaris and Selenastrum capricornutum,to nonylphenol stress[J].Chemosphere,2011,82(3):346-54.
[22]李根,管超,安民,等.壬基酚对三角褐指藻的毒性效应及其机理[J].生态科学,2013,32(3):298-302.
[23]周静韵,段舜山.全氟辛酸和全氟壬酸对两种海洋微藻的联合毒性效应[J].生态科学,2016,35(6):84-90.
[24]王学奎.植物生理生化实验原理和技术.[M].2版.北京:高等教育出版社,2006.
[25]刘娜,金小伟,王业耀,等.我国地表水中药物与个人护理品污染现状及其繁殖毒性筛查[J].生态毒理学报,2015,10(6):1-12.
[26]刘霞,赵静,但丽霞,等.壬基酚对胶州湾典型微藻的毒性效应[J].海洋环境科学,2012,(5):45-51.
[27]代晓康.壬基酚(NP)对微小小环藻的毒性及其生物降解研究[D].广州:中山大学,2005.
[28]Ahel M,Mcevoy J,Giger W.Bioaccumulation of the lipophilic metabolites of nonionic surfactants in freshwater organisms[J].Environmental Pollution,1993,79(3):243.
[29]王晶晶.双酚A和壬基酚对青岛大扁藻的复合干扰效应研究[D].广州:暨南大学,2013.
[30]周峰,刘训财,厉以强,等.壬基酚胁迫对莱茵衣藻的生理影响[J].生态与农村环境学报,2013,29(1):87-90.
[31]曾晓鹏,夏建荣.光强对两种硅藻光合作用、碳酸酐酶和Rubis CO活性的影响[J].水生生物学报,2015,39(2):368-374.
[32]姜智飞,窦勇,张文慧,等.AHLs对小球藻PSⅡ光化学活性与光合作用关键酶的影响研究[C]//微藻与水族高峰论坛,2017.
[33]Srivastava A,GuisséB,Greppin H,et al.Regulation of antenna structure and electron transport in Photosystem II of Pisum sativum,under elevated temperature probed by the fast polyphasic chlorophyll a,fluorescence transient:OKJIP[J].Biochimica et biophysica acta.Bioenergetics,1997,1320(1):95-106.
[34]李藩,李仁辉,于晓章,等.小麦麸皮水浸提液对铜绿微囊藻(Microcystis aeruginosa)光合色素含量和叶绿素荧光诱导动力学的影响[J].湖泊科学,2013,25(3):373-377.
[35]陈花,吴俊林,李晓军.叶绿体中活性氧的产生和清除机制[J].现代生物医学进展,2008,8(10):1979-1981.
[36]张容芳,唐东山,刘飞.藻类抗氧化系统及其对逆境胁迫的响应[J].环境科学与管理,2011,36(12):21-25.
[37]Wang J,Xie P,Guo N.Effects of nonylphenol on the growth and microcystin production of Microcystis strains[J].Environmental Research,2007,103(1):70-78.
[2]周自坚,虢清伟,王丽,等.壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚在印染废水处理工艺中的去除研究[J].环境工程学报,2014,8(8):3107-3113.
[3]连静,刘俊新.NPEOs及其代谢产物在城市污水处理厂中的归趋分析[J].环境科学,2012,33(9):3295-3300.
[4]Fu M,Li Z,Gao H.Distribution characteristics of nonylphenol in Jiaozhou Bay of Qingdao and its adjacent rivers[J].Chemosphere,2007,69(7):1009-16.
[5]Xu J,Wang P,Guo W,et al.Seasonal and spatial distribution of nonylphenol in Lanzhou Reach of Yellow River in China.[J].Chemosphere,2006,65(9):1445-1451.
[6]Diao P,Qi C,Rui W,et al.Phenolic endocrine-disrupting compounds in the Pearl River Estuary:Occurrence,bioaccumulation and risk assessment[J].Science of the Total Environment,2017,s584–585:1100-1107.
[7]向昆仑.壬基酚、辛基酚、双酚A在珠江口水生动物体内的积累特征[D].广州:暨南大学,2015.
[8]陈慰双.我国水环境中壬基酚的污染现状及生态风险评估[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2013.
[9]吴天伟,孙艺,崔蓉,等.内分泌干扰物壬基酚与辛基酚的污染现状与毒性的研究进展[J].环境化学,2017,36(5):951-959.
[10]唐思,刘伟杰,段舜山.壬基酚对多刺裸腹溞连续世代的毒性效应[J].生态毒理学报,2016,11(2):275-282.
[11]孙凯峰.环境激素壬基酚对枝角类浮游动物的生殖干扰效应研究[D].广州:暨南大学,2012.
[12]夏继刚,牛翠娟,傅俊华,等.壬基酚对斑马鱼求偶行为的生态毒理效应[J].水生生物学报,2012,36(6):1142-1148.
[13]夏继刚,牛翠娟,高颖,等.壬基酚长期暴露对斑马鱼雄鱼第二性征、精子活力的影响[J].生态毒理学报,2010,5(1):44-49.
[14]刘晓丽,汪奇,贾林芝,等.壬基酚对斑马鱼精巢组织及性激素合成酶基因表达的影响[J].环境科学学报,2011,31(11):2523-2529.
[15]何宁,刘伟杰,孙东,等.典型环境激素壬基酚对水产品安全性的影响[J].生态科学,2013,32(5):654-659.
[16]孙凯峰,孙东,綦世斌,等.壬基酚对浮游生物的毒性效应及其食物链传递研究[J].中国环境科学,2016,36(12):3816-3823.
[17]谢菁,区又君.微藻在水域生态系统中的作用[J].海洋与渔业,2007,(7):26-28.
[18]Correa-Reyes G,Viana M T,Marquez-Rocha F J,et al.Nonylphenol algal bioaccumulation and its effect through the trophic chain.[J].Chemosphere,2007,68(4):662-670.
[19]Gao Q T,Wong Y S,Tam N F Y.Antioxidant responses of different microalgal species to nonylphenol-induced oxidative stress[J].Journal of Applied Phycology,2017,29(3):1317-1329.
[20]苏甜,李义刚,欧瑞康,等.镉离子对羊角月牙藻光合作用及其抗氧化酶的毒性影响[J].生态科学,2014,33(2):301-306.
[21]Gao Q T,Tam N F.Growth,photosynthesis and antioxidant responses of two microalgal species,Chlorella vulgaris and Selenastrum capricornutum,to nonylphenol stress[J].Chemosphere,2011,82(3):346-54.
[22]李根,管超,安民,等.壬基酚对三角褐指藻的毒性效应及其机理[J].生态科学,2013,32(3):298-302.
[23]周静韵,段舜山.全氟辛酸和全氟壬酸对两种海洋微藻的联合毒性效应[J].生态科学,2016,35(6):84-90.
[24]王学奎.植物生理生化实验原理和技术.[M].2版.北京:高等教育出版社,2006.
[25]刘娜,金小伟,王业耀,等.我国地表水中药物与个人护理品污染现状及其繁殖毒性筛查[J].生态毒理学报,2015,10(6):1-12.
[26]刘霞,赵静,但丽霞,等.壬基酚对胶州湾典型微藻的毒性效应[J].海洋环境科学,2012,(5):45-51.
[27]代晓康.壬基酚(NP)对微小小环藻的毒性及其生物降解研究[D].广州:中山大学,2005.
[28]Ahel M,Mcevoy J,Giger W.Bioaccumulation of the lipophilic metabolites of nonionic surfactants in freshwater organisms[J].Environmental Pollution,1993,79(3):243.
[29]王晶晶.双酚A和壬基酚对青岛大扁藻的复合干扰效应研究[D].广州:暨南大学,2013.
[30]周峰,刘训财,厉以强,等.壬基酚胁迫对莱茵衣藻的生理影响[J].生态与农村环境学报,2013,29(1):87-90.
[31]曾晓鹏,夏建荣.光强对两种硅藻光合作用、碳酸酐酶和Rubis CO活性的影响[J].水生生物学报,2015,39(2):368-374.
[32]姜智飞,窦勇,张文慧,等.AHLs对小球藻PSⅡ光化学活性与光合作用关键酶的影响研究[C]//微藻与水族高峰论坛,2017.
[33]Srivastava A,GuisséB,Greppin H,et al.Regulation of antenna structure and electron transport in Photosystem II of Pisum sativum,under elevated temperature probed by the fast polyphasic chlorophyll a,fluorescence transient:OKJIP[J].Biochimica et biophysica acta.Bioenergetics,1997,1320(1):95-106.
[34]李藩,李仁辉,于晓章,等.小麦麸皮水浸提液对铜绿微囊藻(Microcystis aeruginosa)光合色素含量和叶绿素荧光诱导动力学的影响[J].湖泊科学,2013,25(3):373-377.
[35]陈花,吴俊林,李晓军.叶绿体中活性氧的产生和清除机制[J].现代生物医学进展,2008,8(10):1979-1981.
[36]张容芳,唐东山,刘飞.藻类抗氧化系统及其对逆境胁迫的响应[J].环境科学与管理,2011,36(12):21-25.
[37]Wang J,Xie P,Guo N.Effects of nonylphenol on the growth and microcystin production of Microcystis strains[J].Environmental Research,2007,103(1):70-78.