国内煤气化废水处理关键问题分析
|
摘要
针对煤气化废水水质特点和处理要求,从预处理、生物处理、深度处理三个方面总结了煤气化废水处理技术现状和关键问题。分析认为:煤气化废水成分复杂、水质波动大、生化抑制剂多、氨氮及难降解有机物浓度高,处理中的关键问题包括氨氮、多元酚的高效脱除、高级氧化工艺运行成本削减、膜分离工艺水回收率提高、膜污染抑制和浓盐水蒸发,现有问题需要从多工艺复合和各处理单元优化升级两方面着手,在提升处理效果的同时节约处理成本,生物处理工艺与高级氧化工艺的优化组合是今后的研究重点。
According to the water quality characteristics and treatment requirements of coal gasification wastewater, the technical situation and key problems of coal gasification wastewater treatment were summarized from three aspects including pretreatment, biological treatment and advanced treatment. The analysis showed that, the coal gasification wastewater had complex composition, great fluctuation of water quality, much biological inhibitor and high concentration of ammonia nitrogen and refractory organics. The key problems in treatment process included efficient removal of ammonia nitrogen and polyatomic phenol, operating cost reduction of advanced oxidation, increasing of water recovery rate, membrane fouling control and brine evaporation in membrane separation process. The existing problems should be solved with multi-technology recombination and optimization of each treatment units, to improve the treatment effect and reduce the treatment cost at the same time. Optimization and combination of biological treatment and advanced oxidation technology is a key point of future researches.
According to the water quality characteristics and treatment requirements of coal gasification wastewater, the technical situation and key problems of coal gasification wastewater treatment were summarized from three aspects including pretreatment, biological treatment and advanced treatment. The analysis showed that, the coal gasification wastewater had complex composition, great fluctuation of water quality, much biological inhibitor and high concentration of ammonia nitrogen and refractory organics. The key problems in treatment process included efficient removal of ammonia nitrogen and polyatomic phenol, operating cost reduction of advanced oxidation, increasing of water recovery rate, membrane fouling control and brine evaporation in membrane separation process. The existing problems should be solved with multi-technology recombination and optimization of each treatment units, to improve the treatment effect and reduce the treatment cost at the same time. Optimization and combination of biological treatment and advanced oxidation technology is a key point of future researches.
引文
[1]王兴军,苏宇峰,易敏,等.气流床煤气化水系统中絮凝物的絮凝及分形特性[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(5):1266-1272.
[2]赵淑霞,马晖,翟琦航,等.煤气化废水溶解性有机物水质特征研究[J].洁净煤技术,2017,23(1):86-90.
[3]钱宇,杨思宇,马东辉,等.煤气化高浓酚氨废水处理技术研究进展[J].化工进展,2016,35(6):1884-1893.
[4]赵忠萍,郑彭生,高杰.混凝沉淀处理煤制甲醇废水的实验研究[J].黑龙江科技大学学报,2015,25(3):270-273.
[5]冯一伟,柴涛.酸化-复合絮凝法预处理煤化工废水[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(3):1310-1316.
[6]刘峰,乔瑞平,李海涛,等.高含油煤气化废水除油预处理的工艺研究[J].现代化工,2016,36(1):115-118.
[7]洪磊,陆曦,梁文,等.煤制气高浓污水酚氨回收前处理工艺研究[J].水处理技术,2016,42(1):83-86.
[8]周伟,陈赟,李秀喜,等.煤气化废水处理中双侧线汽提塔的应用[J].化学工程,2013,41(3):63-66.
[9]周伟.煤气化废水中酸性气和氨的脱除[J].现代化工,2015,35(12):145-148.
[10]CUI Peizhe,MAI Zihao,YANG Siyu,et al.Integrated treatment processes for coal-gasification wastewater with high concentration of phenol and ammonia[J].Cleaner Production,2017,142:2218-2226.
[11]GAI Hengjun,SONG Hongbing,XIAO Meng,et al.Conceptual design of a modified phenol and ammonia recovery process for the treatment of coal gasification wastewater[J].Chemical Engineering,2016,304:621-628.
[12]董卫果,王吉坤,周娜,等.固定床气化废水酚回收技术的现状及发展[J].洁净煤技术,2017,23(1):91-94.
[13]焦伟堂.酚氨萃取回收工艺在煤气化废水处理中的应用[J].给水排水,2014,40(1):54-57.
[14]姚杰,李琦,刘帅,等.支撑液膜萃取处理煤气化含酚废水中试装置[J].哈尔滨商业大学学报(自然科学版),2017,33(1):22-27.
[15]滕济林,姜艳,曹效鑫,等.粉末活性焦强化A/A/O工艺处理煤气化废水的中试研究[J].环境科学学报,2014,34(5):1249-1255.
[16]赵国萍,陈林华,汤洁,等.接触氧化-水解酸化-缺氧-MBR处理煤制气废水[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(10):5665-5670.
[17]朱蒙佳,吴文华,纪钦洪,等.厌氧-好氧间歇工艺处理煤气化废水的小试研究[J].水处理技术,2014,40(7):89-93.
[18]SALMA Tabassum,JI Qinhong,SUFIA Hena,et al.Treatment of coal gasification wastewater by anaerobic SBR-aerobic SBR process for elimination of toxic organic matters-a lab scale study[J].RSC Advances,2015,5:58334-58344.
[19]WANG Zixing,XU Xiaochen,GONG Zheng,et al.Removal of COD,phenols and ammonium from Lurgi coal gasification wastewater using A2O-MBR system[J].Hazardous Materials,2012,235-236:78-84.
[20]RAVA E,CHIRWA E.Effect of carrier fill ratio on biofilm properties and performance of a hybrid fixed-film bioreactor treating coal gasification wastewater for the removal of COD,phenols and ammonia-nitrogen[J].Water Science&Technology,2016,73(10):2461-2467.
[21]郑彭生,周如禄,郭中权.同步硝化反硝化技术处理煤气化废水试验研究[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(S2):550-554.
[22]KIM Sang-sik.Effective partial nitrification and denitrification via nitrite with inhibitor removal basin for high strength ammonium wastewater treatment[J].Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering,2015,32(2):303-307.
[23]RAVAL,E Chirwa1,ALLISION P,et al.Removal of hard COD,nitrogenous compounds and phenols from a high-strength coal gasification wastewater stream[J].Water S A,2015,41(4):441-447.
[24]RAVAL E,CHIRWAL E,ALLISION P,et al.The use of exogenous microbial species to enhance the performance of a hybrid fixed-film bioreactor treating coal gasification wastewater to meet discharge requirements[J].Water S A,2016,42(3):483-489.
[25]JIA Shengyong,HAN Hongjun,ZHUANG Haifeng,et al.The pollutants removal and bacterial community dynamics relationship within a full-scale British Gas/Lurgi coal gasification wastewater treatment using a novel system[J].Bioresource Technology,2016,200:103-110.
[26]于广欣,张振家,纪钦洪,等.EGSB-接触氧化法处理碎煤加压气化废水试验研究[J].工业水处理,2014,34(2):55-59.
[27]韩洪军,徐鹏,贾胜勇,等.煤气废水有机污染物缺氧生物降解性能及机理[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2015,47(8):30-37.
[28]张玉莹,陈秀荣,王璐,等.煤制气废水总酚负荷对反硝化的抑制效应研究[J].环境科学,2016,37(3):1055-1060.
[29]霍莹,郑贝贝,杨勇,等.煤制天然气高含酚废水深度处理技术研究[J].工业水处理,2014,34(7):67-69.
[30]张国涛,万新华,李伟,等.微量臭氧催化氧化深度处理煤气化废水[J].环境工程学报,2013,7(1):263-267.
[31]庄海峰,韩洪军,单胜道.污泥基催化剂强化臭氧深度处理煤制气废水中试性能[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2017,49(2):85-91.
[32]王春雨,乔瑞平,李海涛,等.混凝-强化微电解深度处理煤气化废水的研究[J].环境科学与技术,2015,38(6P):241-245.
[33]王玉珍,王树众,郭洋,等.超临界水氧化处理煤气化废水的响应面优化[J].环境污染与防治,2013,35(5):13-18.
[34]于航,于广欣,王建伟,等.超临界水氧化处理煤气化废水的试验研究及组合工艺思路探讨[J].水处理技术,2013,39(2):112-115.
[35]党孟辉,陆曦,权攀,等.褐煤气化废水生化尾水深度处理实验研究[J].水处理技术,2014,40(12):110-114.
[36]刘豹,包雪,裴林,等.阜新大唐煤制天然气生化废水吸附处理试验[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报(自然科学版),2015,34(12):1361-1364.
[37]李若征,杨宏,靳昕,等.活性焦对典型煤气化废水的吸附及其影响因素[J].环境污染与防治,2016,38(1):19-22.
[38]靳昕,滕济林,李若征,等.新型煤基吸附剂处理鲁奇炉气化废水中试研究[J].给水排水,2016,42(3):54-57.
[39]AN Hongguang,LIU Zhenqiang,CAO Xiaoxin,et al.Mesoporous lignite-coke as an effective adsorbent for coal gasification wastewater treatment[J].Environmental Science,2017,3:169-174.
[40]邹雪,李进.煤制气废水处理超滤膜污染研究[J].北京交通大学学报,2014,38(1):43-48.
[41]刘天柱,张华,赵东风,等.多效蒸发技术浓缩石化企业含盐废水的操作方案优化分析[J].现代化工,2014,34(11):140-143.
[42]顾承真,闵兆升,洪厚胜.机械蒸汽再压缩蒸发系统的性能分析[J].化工进展,2014,33(1):30-35.
[2]赵淑霞,马晖,翟琦航,等.煤气化废水溶解性有机物水质特征研究[J].洁净煤技术,2017,23(1):86-90.
[3]钱宇,杨思宇,马东辉,等.煤气化高浓酚氨废水处理技术研究进展[J].化工进展,2016,35(6):1884-1893.
[4]赵忠萍,郑彭生,高杰.混凝沉淀处理煤制甲醇废水的实验研究[J].黑龙江科技大学学报,2015,25(3):270-273.
[5]冯一伟,柴涛.酸化-复合絮凝法预处理煤化工废水[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(3):1310-1316.
[6]刘峰,乔瑞平,李海涛,等.高含油煤气化废水除油预处理的工艺研究[J].现代化工,2016,36(1):115-118.
[7]洪磊,陆曦,梁文,等.煤制气高浓污水酚氨回收前处理工艺研究[J].水处理技术,2016,42(1):83-86.
[8]周伟,陈赟,李秀喜,等.煤气化废水处理中双侧线汽提塔的应用[J].化学工程,2013,41(3):63-66.
[9]周伟.煤气化废水中酸性气和氨的脱除[J].现代化工,2015,35(12):145-148.
[10]CUI Peizhe,MAI Zihao,YANG Siyu,et al.Integrated treatment processes for coal-gasification wastewater with high concentration of phenol and ammonia[J].Cleaner Production,2017,142:2218-2226.
[11]GAI Hengjun,SONG Hongbing,XIAO Meng,et al.Conceptual design of a modified phenol and ammonia recovery process for the treatment of coal gasification wastewater[J].Chemical Engineering,2016,304:621-628.
[12]董卫果,王吉坤,周娜,等.固定床气化废水酚回收技术的现状及发展[J].洁净煤技术,2017,23(1):91-94.
[13]焦伟堂.酚氨萃取回收工艺在煤气化废水处理中的应用[J].给水排水,2014,40(1):54-57.
[14]姚杰,李琦,刘帅,等.支撑液膜萃取处理煤气化含酚废水中试装置[J].哈尔滨商业大学学报(自然科学版),2017,33(1):22-27.
[15]滕济林,姜艳,曹效鑫,等.粉末活性焦强化A/A/O工艺处理煤气化废水的中试研究[J].环境科学学报,2014,34(5):1249-1255.
[16]赵国萍,陈林华,汤洁,等.接触氧化-水解酸化-缺氧-MBR处理煤制气废水[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(10):5665-5670.
[17]朱蒙佳,吴文华,纪钦洪,等.厌氧-好氧间歇工艺处理煤气化废水的小试研究[J].水处理技术,2014,40(7):89-93.
[18]SALMA Tabassum,JI Qinhong,SUFIA Hena,et al.Treatment of coal gasification wastewater by anaerobic SBR-aerobic SBR process for elimination of toxic organic matters-a lab scale study[J].RSC Advances,2015,5:58334-58344.
[19]WANG Zixing,XU Xiaochen,GONG Zheng,et al.Removal of COD,phenols and ammonium from Lurgi coal gasification wastewater using A2O-MBR system[J].Hazardous Materials,2012,235-236:78-84.
[20]RAVA E,CHIRWA E.Effect of carrier fill ratio on biofilm properties and performance of a hybrid fixed-film bioreactor treating coal gasification wastewater for the removal of COD,phenols and ammonia-nitrogen[J].Water Science&Technology,2016,73(10):2461-2467.
[21]郑彭生,周如禄,郭中权.同步硝化反硝化技术处理煤气化废水试验研究[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(S2):550-554.
[22]KIM Sang-sik.Effective partial nitrification and denitrification via nitrite with inhibitor removal basin for high strength ammonium wastewater treatment[J].Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering,2015,32(2):303-307.
[23]RAVAL,E Chirwa1,ALLISION P,et al.Removal of hard COD,nitrogenous compounds and phenols from a high-strength coal gasification wastewater stream[J].Water S A,2015,41(4):441-447.
[24]RAVAL E,CHIRWAL E,ALLISION P,et al.The use of exogenous microbial species to enhance the performance of a hybrid fixed-film bioreactor treating coal gasification wastewater to meet discharge requirements[J].Water S A,2016,42(3):483-489.
[25]JIA Shengyong,HAN Hongjun,ZHUANG Haifeng,et al.The pollutants removal and bacterial community dynamics relationship within a full-scale British Gas/Lurgi coal gasification wastewater treatment using a novel system[J].Bioresource Technology,2016,200:103-110.
[26]于广欣,张振家,纪钦洪,等.EGSB-接触氧化法处理碎煤加压气化废水试验研究[J].工业水处理,2014,34(2):55-59.
[27]韩洪军,徐鹏,贾胜勇,等.煤气废水有机污染物缺氧生物降解性能及机理[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2015,47(8):30-37.
[28]张玉莹,陈秀荣,王璐,等.煤制气废水总酚负荷对反硝化的抑制效应研究[J].环境科学,2016,37(3):1055-1060.
[29]霍莹,郑贝贝,杨勇,等.煤制天然气高含酚废水深度处理技术研究[J].工业水处理,2014,34(7):67-69.
[30]张国涛,万新华,李伟,等.微量臭氧催化氧化深度处理煤气化废水[J].环境工程学报,2013,7(1):263-267.
[31]庄海峰,韩洪军,单胜道.污泥基催化剂强化臭氧深度处理煤制气废水中试性能[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2017,49(2):85-91.
[32]王春雨,乔瑞平,李海涛,等.混凝-强化微电解深度处理煤气化废水的研究[J].环境科学与技术,2015,38(6P):241-245.
[33]王玉珍,王树众,郭洋,等.超临界水氧化处理煤气化废水的响应面优化[J].环境污染与防治,2013,35(5):13-18.
[34]于航,于广欣,王建伟,等.超临界水氧化处理煤气化废水的试验研究及组合工艺思路探讨[J].水处理技术,2013,39(2):112-115.
[35]党孟辉,陆曦,权攀,等.褐煤气化废水生化尾水深度处理实验研究[J].水处理技术,2014,40(12):110-114.
[36]刘豹,包雪,裴林,等.阜新大唐煤制天然气生化废水吸附处理试验[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报(自然科学版),2015,34(12):1361-1364.
[37]李若征,杨宏,靳昕,等.活性焦对典型煤气化废水的吸附及其影响因素[J].环境污染与防治,2016,38(1):19-22.
[38]靳昕,滕济林,李若征,等.新型煤基吸附剂处理鲁奇炉气化废水中试研究[J].给水排水,2016,42(3):54-57.
[39]AN Hongguang,LIU Zhenqiang,CAO Xiaoxin,et al.Mesoporous lignite-coke as an effective adsorbent for coal gasification wastewater treatment[J].Environmental Science,2017,3:169-174.
[40]邹雪,李进.煤制气废水处理超滤膜污染研究[J].北京交通大学学报,2014,38(1):43-48.
[41]刘天柱,张华,赵东风,等.多效蒸发技术浓缩石化企业含盐废水的操作方案优化分析[J].现代化工,2014,34(11):140-143.
[42]顾承真,闵兆升,洪厚胜.机械蒸汽再压缩蒸发系统的性能分析[J].化工进展,2014,33(1):30-35.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |