广西猫儿山不同海拔土壤碳氮磷生态化学计量特征
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摘要
为探究我国华南地区山地土壤有机碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)含量垂直分布特征,阐明土壤C、N、P生态化学计量特征对海拔和土层深度的响应,以广西猫儿山为研究对象,选取不同海拔的10个地点,采集了不同发生层的土壤,测定有机C、N、P、pH、容重和机械组成等土壤性质,探讨了不同海拔及深度土壤C、N、P生态化学计量特征及其影响因素.结果表明:随着海拔升高,土壤C、N、C/P、N/P均呈增加趋势,土壤P呈先增后降趋势,C/N则呈先增后保持平稳趋势;随着土壤深度增加,土壤C、N、P、C/P、N/P均呈显著降低趋势,C/N无显著变化,C、N在不同发生层土壤间具有较高的耦合性(C/N变异系数为4.0%);土壤P在空间上的变异较小(不同海拔、发生层间变异系数分别为31.0%和22.0%).冗余分析结果显示,前2个排序轴反映了土壤C、N、P化学计量特征变异信息量的74.8%,土壤pH、容重和海拔对土壤C、N、P化学计量特征有显著影响,而黏粒、粉粒和砂粒影响效果不显著.
We explored vertical distribution of soil organic carbon(C), nitrogen(N) and phosphorus(P) for examining the relationship between soil C:N:P stoichiometry and both altitudes and soil depths in Mao'er Mountain in Guangxi, South China. A total of ten sites from different altitudes were selected and soil genetic horizon samples were collected along soil profiles at each site. Soil organic C, N, P, pH, bulk density and particle size composition were measured. Results showed that soil C, N, C/P ratio and N/P ratio increased with the increases of altitude. Soil P concentrations and C/N ratio increased within low altitudes then decreased or with no obvious changes. Soil C, N, P, C/P and N/P ratios significantly decreased, whereas C/N ratio did not change with the increases of soil depth. Soil C and N highly coupled within horizons(CV of C/N was 4.0%) and soil P had little spatial variability(CV were 31.0% and 22.0% within altitudes and horizons, respectively). The results from redundancy analysis showed that the first two axes explained 74.8% of the variability of C:N:P stoichiometry. Soil pH, bulk density, and altitude had significant effects on C:N:P stoichiometry, whereas clay, silt, and sand had no effect.
We explored vertical distribution of soil organic carbon(C), nitrogen(N) and phosphorus(P) for examining the relationship between soil C:N:P stoichiometry and both altitudes and soil depths in Mao'er Mountain in Guangxi, South China. A total of ten sites from different altitudes were selected and soil genetic horizon samples were collected along soil profiles at each site. Soil organic C, N, P, pH, bulk density and particle size composition were measured. Results showed that soil C, N, C/P ratio and N/P ratio increased with the increases of altitude. Soil P concentrations and C/N ratio increased within low altitudes then decreased or with no obvious changes. Soil C, N, P, C/P and N/P ratios significantly decreased, whereas C/N ratio did not change with the increases of soil depth. Soil C and N highly coupled within horizons(CV of C/N was 4.0%) and soil P had little spatial variability(CV were 31.0% and 22.0% within altitudes and horizons, respectively). The results from redundancy analysis showed that the first two axes explained 74.8% of the variability of C:N:P stoichiometry. Soil pH, bulk density, and altitude had significant effects on C:N:P stoichiometry, whereas clay, silt, and sand had no effect.
引文
[1] Cheng B (程滨), Zhao Y-J (赵永军), Zhang W-G (张文广), et al. The research advances and prospect of ecological stoichiometry. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 2010, 30(6): 1628-1637 (in Chinese)
[2] Han W, Fang J, Guo D, et al. Leaf nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry across 753 terrestrial plant species in China. The New Phytologist, 2005, 168: 377-385
[3] Elser JJ, Fagan WF, Denno RF, et al. Nutritional constraints in terrestrial and freshwater food webs. Nature, 2000, 408: 578-580
[4] Zeng D-H (曾德慧), Chen G-S (陈广生). Ecological stoichiometry: A science to explore the complexity of living systems. Acta Phytoecologica Sinica (植物生态学报), 2005, 29(6): 1007-1019 (in Chinese)
[5] Tian H, Chen G, Zhang C, et al. Pattern and variation of C:N:P ratios in China’s soils: A synthesis of observational data. Biogeochemistry, 2010, 98: 139-151
[6] Jiang Y-F (江叶枫), Ye Y-C (叶英聪), Guo X (郭熙), et al. Spatial variability of ecological stoichiometry of soil nitrogen and phosphorus in farmlands of Jiangxi Province and its influencing factors. Acta Pedologica Sinica (土壤学报), 2017, 54(6): 1527-1539 (in Chinese)
[7] Lu T-P (卢同平), Zhang W-X (张文翔), Niu J (牛洁), et al. Study on spatial variability and driving factors of stoichiometry of nitrogen and phosphorus in soils of typical natural zones of China. Acta Pedologica Sinica (土壤学报), 2017, 54(3): 681-691 (in Chinese)
[8] Zhang Z-S (张仲胜), Lyu X-G (吕宪国), Xue Z-S (薛振山), et al. Is there a Redfield-type C/N/P ratio in Chinese wetland soils? Acta Pedologica Sinica (土壤学报), 2016, 53(5): 1160-1169 (in Chinese)
[9] Wang W-Q (王维奇), Zeng C-S (曾从盛), Zhong C-Q (钟春棋), et al. Effect of human disturbance on ecological stoichiometry characteristics of soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in Minjiang River estuarine wetland. Environmental Science (环境科学), 2010, 31(10): 2411-2416 (in Chinese)
[10] Luo Y-L (罗由林), Li Q-Q (李启权), Wang C-Q (王昌全), et al. Last 30 a changes of C, N and P ecological stoichiometry of different land use types in hilly area of mid-Sichuan basin, southwest China. Soils (土壤), 2016, 48(4): 726-733 (in Chinese)
[11] Zhang J-H (张佳慧), Wang X-C (王兴昌), Wang C-K (王传宽). Changes in stoichiometry of soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in the early stage of temperate forest succession in Maoershan, Northeast China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报), 2016, 27(10): 3189-3195 (in Chinese)
[12] Wang B-R (王宝荣), Zeng Q-C (曾全超), An S-S (安韶山), et al. C:N:P stoichiometry characteristics of plants-litter-soils in two kind types of natural secondary forest on the Ziwuling region of the Loess Plateau. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 2017, 37(16): 5461-5473 (in Chinese)
[13] Lyu J-L (吕金林), Yan M-J (闫美杰), Song B-L (宋变兰), et al. Ecological stoichiometry characteristics of soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in an oak forest and a black locust plantation in the loess hilly region. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 2017, 37(10): 3385-3393 (in Chinese)
[14] Zhang T-D (张泰东), Wang C-K (王传宽), Zhang Q-Z (张全智). Vertical variation in stoichiometric relationships of soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in five forest types in the Maoershan region, Northeast China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报), 2017, 28(10): 3135-3143 (in Chinese)
[15] Min Z, Zhang XK, Liang WJ, et al. Distribution of soil organic carbon fractions along the altitudinal gradient in Changbai Mountain, China. Pedosphere, 2011, 21: 615-620
[16] Kong Q (孔青), Wang C-K (王传宽), Wang X-C (王兴昌). Effcets of detritus removal on soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry and related factors in a temperate deciduous forest in the Maoershan Mountain, China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报), 2018, 29(7): 2173-2182 (in Chinese)
[17] Xiang H-M (向慧敏), Wen D-Z (温达志), Zhang L-L (张玲玲), et al. Altitudinal changes in active and recalcitrant soil carbon pools of forests in the Dinghu Mountains. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 2015, 35(18): 6089-6099 (in Chinese)
[18] Li D-W (李丹维), Wang Z-Q (王紫泉), Tian H-X (田海霞), et al. Carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus contents in soils on Taibai Mountain and their ecological stoichiometry relative to elevation. Acta Pedologica Sinica (土壤学报), 2017, 54(1): 160-170 (in Chinese)
[19] Xie J (谢锦), Chang S-L (常顺利), Zhang Y-T (张毓涛), et al. Plant and soil ecological stoichiometry with vertical zonality on the northern slope of the middle Tianshan Mountains. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 2016, 36(14): 4363-4372 (in Chinese)
[20] Zhang G-S (张广帅), Deng H-J (邓浩俊), Du K (杜锟), et al. Soil stoichiometry characteristics at different elevation gradients of a mountain in an area with high frequency debris flow: A case study in Xiaojiang Watershed, Yunnan. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 2016, 36(3): 675-687 (in Chinese)
[21] Nottingham AT, Turner BL, Whitaker J, et al. Soil microbial nutrient constraints along a tropical forest elevation gradient: A belowground test of a biogeochemical paradigm. Biogeosciences, 2015, 12: 6071-6083
[22] Wang X-P (王献溥), Li X-X (李信贤). General situa-tion of vegetation in Mao’er Mountain Reserve of Xin’an County, Guangxi. Guihaia (广西植物), 1986(1-2): 79-91 (in Chinese)
[23] Fu X-X (付旋旋). Research on Soil Genetic Characteri-stics and Taxonomy of Soil in Mao’er Mountain, Guang-xi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Master Thesis. Nanning: Guangxi University, 2018 (in Chinese)
[24] Song X-C (宋贤冲), Xiang D-Y (项东云), Guo L-M (郭丽梅), et al. Spatial variation pattern of soil nutrients in forests of Maoer Mountain. Journal of Forest and Environment (森林与环境学报), 2016, 36(3): 349-354 (in Chinese)
[25] Zhang G-L (张甘霖), Gong Z-T (龚子同). Soil Survey Laboratory Methods. Beijing: Science Press, 2012 (in Chinese)
[26] Campbell BD, Grime JP. A comparative study of plant responsiveness to the duration of episodes of mineral nutrient enrichment. New Phytologist, 1989, 112: 261-267
[27] Gardner LR. The role of rock weathering in the phosphorus budget of terrestrial watersheds. Biogeochemistry, 1990, 11: 97-110
[28] Li T (李婷), Deng Q (邓强), Yuan Z-Y (袁志友), et al. Latitudinal changes in plant stoichiometric and soil C, N, P stoichiometrry in Loess Plateau. Environmental Science (环境科学), 2015, 36(8): 2988-2996 (in Chinese)
[29] Wang S-Q (王绍强), Yu G-R (于贵瑞). Ecological stoichiometry characteristics of ecosystem carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus elements. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 2008, 28(8): 3937-3947 (in Chinese)
[30] Bi Y-L (毕银丽), Wang B-Q (王百群), Guo S-L (郭胜利), et al. Characteristic of soil nutrient in dam system and its relation with erosion environment in the loess hilly region. Ⅱ. Particles distribution and its nutrient condition in dam system soil. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation (水土保持学报), 1997, 3(4): 37-43 (in Chinese)
[31] Ouyang L-M (欧阳林梅), Zeng D-P (曾冬萍), Min Q-W (闵庆文), et al. Ecological stoichiometry characteristics of soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in the tea garden of Drum Mountain. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation (水土保持学报), 2014, 28(2): 297-301 (in Chinese)
[32] Li H-L (李红林), Gong L (贡璐), Zhu M-L (朱美玲), et al. Stoichiometric characteristics of soil in oasis on northern edge of Tarim Basin, China. Acta Pedologica Sinica (土壤学报), 2015, 52(6): 1345-1355 (in Chinese)
[2] Han W, Fang J, Guo D, et al. Leaf nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry across 753 terrestrial plant species in China. The New Phytologist, 2005, 168: 377-385
[3] Elser JJ, Fagan WF, Denno RF, et al. Nutritional constraints in terrestrial and freshwater food webs. Nature, 2000, 408: 578-580
[4] Zeng D-H (曾德慧), Chen G-S (陈广生). Ecological stoichiometry: A science to explore the complexity of living systems. Acta Phytoecologica Sinica (植物生态学报), 2005, 29(6): 1007-1019 (in Chinese)
[5] Tian H, Chen G, Zhang C, et al. Pattern and variation of C:N:P ratios in China’s soils: A synthesis of observational data. Biogeochemistry, 2010, 98: 139-151
[6] Jiang Y-F (江叶枫), Ye Y-C (叶英聪), Guo X (郭熙), et al. Spatial variability of ecological stoichiometry of soil nitrogen and phosphorus in farmlands of Jiangxi Province and its influencing factors. Acta Pedologica Sinica (土壤学报), 2017, 54(6): 1527-1539 (in Chinese)
[7] Lu T-P (卢同平), Zhang W-X (张文翔), Niu J (牛洁), et al. Study on spatial variability and driving factors of stoichiometry of nitrogen and phosphorus in soils of typical natural zones of China. Acta Pedologica Sinica (土壤学报), 2017, 54(3): 681-691 (in Chinese)
[8] Zhang Z-S (张仲胜), Lyu X-G (吕宪国), Xue Z-S (薛振山), et al. Is there a Redfield-type C/N/P ratio in Chinese wetland soils? Acta Pedologica Sinica (土壤学报), 2016, 53(5): 1160-1169 (in Chinese)
[9] Wang W-Q (王维奇), Zeng C-S (曾从盛), Zhong C-Q (钟春棋), et al. Effect of human disturbance on ecological stoichiometry characteristics of soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in Minjiang River estuarine wetland. Environmental Science (环境科学), 2010, 31(10): 2411-2416 (in Chinese)
[10] Luo Y-L (罗由林), Li Q-Q (李启权), Wang C-Q (王昌全), et al. Last 30 a changes of C, N and P ecological stoichiometry of different land use types in hilly area of mid-Sichuan basin, southwest China. Soils (土壤), 2016, 48(4): 726-733 (in Chinese)
[11] Zhang J-H (张佳慧), Wang X-C (王兴昌), Wang C-K (王传宽). Changes in stoichiometry of soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in the early stage of temperate forest succession in Maoershan, Northeast China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报), 2016, 27(10): 3189-3195 (in Chinese)
[12] Wang B-R (王宝荣), Zeng Q-C (曾全超), An S-S (安韶山), et al. C:N:P stoichiometry characteristics of plants-litter-soils in two kind types of natural secondary forest on the Ziwuling region of the Loess Plateau. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 2017, 37(16): 5461-5473 (in Chinese)
[13] Lyu J-L (吕金林), Yan M-J (闫美杰), Song B-L (宋变兰), et al. Ecological stoichiometry characteristics of soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in an oak forest and a black locust plantation in the loess hilly region. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 2017, 37(10): 3385-3393 (in Chinese)
[14] Zhang T-D (张泰东), Wang C-K (王传宽), Zhang Q-Z (张全智). Vertical variation in stoichiometric relationships of soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in five forest types in the Maoershan region, Northeast China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报), 2017, 28(10): 3135-3143 (in Chinese)
[15] Min Z, Zhang XK, Liang WJ, et al. Distribution of soil organic carbon fractions along the altitudinal gradient in Changbai Mountain, China. Pedosphere, 2011, 21: 615-620
[16] Kong Q (孔青), Wang C-K (王传宽), Wang X-C (王兴昌). Effcets of detritus removal on soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry and related factors in a temperate deciduous forest in the Maoershan Mountain, China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报), 2018, 29(7): 2173-2182 (in Chinese)
[17] Xiang H-M (向慧敏), Wen D-Z (温达志), Zhang L-L (张玲玲), et al. Altitudinal changes in active and recalcitrant soil carbon pools of forests in the Dinghu Mountains. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 2015, 35(18): 6089-6099 (in Chinese)
[18] Li D-W (李丹维), Wang Z-Q (王紫泉), Tian H-X (田海霞), et al. Carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus contents in soils on Taibai Mountain and their ecological stoichiometry relative to elevation. Acta Pedologica Sinica (土壤学报), 2017, 54(1): 160-170 (in Chinese)
[19] Xie J (谢锦), Chang S-L (常顺利), Zhang Y-T (张毓涛), et al. Plant and soil ecological stoichiometry with vertical zonality on the northern slope of the middle Tianshan Mountains. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 2016, 36(14): 4363-4372 (in Chinese)
[20] Zhang G-S (张广帅), Deng H-J (邓浩俊), Du K (杜锟), et al. Soil stoichiometry characteristics at different elevation gradients of a mountain in an area with high frequency debris flow: A case study in Xiaojiang Watershed, Yunnan. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 2016, 36(3): 675-687 (in Chinese)
[21] Nottingham AT, Turner BL, Whitaker J, et al. Soil microbial nutrient constraints along a tropical forest elevation gradient: A belowground test of a biogeochemical paradigm. Biogeosciences, 2015, 12: 6071-6083
[22] Wang X-P (王献溥), Li X-X (李信贤). General situa-tion of vegetation in Mao’er Mountain Reserve of Xin’an County, Guangxi. Guihaia (广西植物), 1986(1-2): 79-91 (in Chinese)
[23] Fu X-X (付旋旋). Research on Soil Genetic Characteri-stics and Taxonomy of Soil in Mao’er Mountain, Guang-xi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Master Thesis. Nanning: Guangxi University, 2018 (in Chinese)
[24] Song X-C (宋贤冲), Xiang D-Y (项东云), Guo L-M (郭丽梅), et al. Spatial variation pattern of soil nutrients in forests of Maoer Mountain. Journal of Forest and Environment (森林与环境学报), 2016, 36(3): 349-354 (in Chinese)
[25] Zhang G-L (张甘霖), Gong Z-T (龚子同). Soil Survey Laboratory Methods. Beijing: Science Press, 2012 (in Chinese)
[26] Campbell BD, Grime JP. A comparative study of plant responsiveness to the duration of episodes of mineral nutrient enrichment. New Phytologist, 1989, 112: 261-267
[27] Gardner LR. The role of rock weathering in the phosphorus budget of terrestrial watersheds. Biogeochemistry, 1990, 11: 97-110
[28] Li T (李婷), Deng Q (邓强), Yuan Z-Y (袁志友), et al. Latitudinal changes in plant stoichiometric and soil C, N, P stoichiometrry in Loess Plateau. Environmental Science (环境科学), 2015, 36(8): 2988-2996 (in Chinese)
[29] Wang S-Q (王绍强), Yu G-R (于贵瑞). Ecological stoichiometry characteristics of ecosystem carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus elements. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 2008, 28(8): 3937-3947 (in Chinese)
[30] Bi Y-L (毕银丽), Wang B-Q (王百群), Guo S-L (郭胜利), et al. Characteristic of soil nutrient in dam system and its relation with erosion environment in the loess hilly region. Ⅱ. Particles distribution and its nutrient condition in dam system soil. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation (水土保持学报), 1997, 3(4): 37-43 (in Chinese)
[31] Ouyang L-M (欧阳林梅), Zeng D-P (曾冬萍), Min Q-W (闵庆文), et al. Ecological stoichiometry characteristics of soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in the tea garden of Drum Mountain. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation (水土保持学报), 2014, 28(2): 297-301 (in Chinese)
[32] Li H-L (李红林), Gong L (贡璐), Zhu M-L (朱美玲), et al. Stoichiometric characteristics of soil in oasis on northern edge of Tarim Basin, China. Acta Pedologica Sinica (土壤学报), 2015, 52(6): 1345-1355 (in Chinese)
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