植物盐胁迫响应的研究进展
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摘要
中国土壤盐渍化程度越来越严重,已经成为限制植物栽培的重要因素之一。研究植物的盐胁迫调控机制,选育抗盐植物,有利于农业的生产、增产,有助于盐碱地的治理、改良。本综述概述了中国土壤盐渍化的概况,在盐渍化土壤中,植物受到的危害有渗透胁迫、离子毒害、膜透性改变及生理代谢紊乱等。为适应环境,植物启动一系列的调控机制来减缓盐害。从生理的角度,通过渗透调节、抗氧化酶的响应以及施加外源物质等方式可以缓解盐胁迫;从分子的角度,抗盐相关基因应激启动,调控相关蛋白的合成以及盐胁迫下蛋白质的差异性表达,来控制植株体内的离子浓度以达到平衡。同时,梳理了近年来与抗盐相关转录因子的研究,最后就植物的盐胁迫响应机制研究和耐盐植物的选育方面作了展望。
The soil salinization in China is becoming more and more serious, which has been one of the important factors that restrict plant cultivation. The study on the regulation mechanism of salt stress in plants and the selection of salt resistant plants is beneficial to the production and production increase of agriculture, and is helpful to the treatment and improvement of salt and alkali land. This study summarized the general situation of soil salinization in China. In salinized soil, the hazards of plants are osmotic stress, ion poisoning, membrane permeability changes, physiological metabolic disorders and so on. To adapt to the environment, plants start a series of regulatory mechanisms to mitigate salt damage. From the view of physiology, salt stress is alleviated by osmotic adjustment, antioxidant enzyme response, and exogenous substances exertion. From the view of molecular, salt related gene stress is activated, regulating the synthesis of related proteins and differentially expressed proteins under salt stress, so as to control the ionic concentration of plants to achieve equilibrium.Simultaneously, we have reviewed the recent studies on the transcription factor associating with salt tolerance.Finally, the mechanism of salt stress response and the selection of salt-tolerant plants were prospected.
The soil salinization in China is becoming more and more serious, which has been one of the important factors that restrict plant cultivation. The study on the regulation mechanism of salt stress in plants and the selection of salt resistant plants is beneficial to the production and production increase of agriculture, and is helpful to the treatment and improvement of salt and alkali land. This study summarized the general situation of soil salinization in China. In salinized soil, the hazards of plants are osmotic stress, ion poisoning, membrane permeability changes, physiological metabolic disorders and so on. To adapt to the environment, plants start a series of regulatory mechanisms to mitigate salt damage. From the view of physiology, salt stress is alleviated by osmotic adjustment, antioxidant enzyme response, and exogenous substances exertion. From the view of molecular, salt related gene stress is activated, regulating the synthesis of related proteins and differentially expressed proteins under salt stress, so as to control the ionic concentration of plants to achieve equilibrium.Simultaneously, we have reviewed the recent studies on the transcription factor associating with salt tolerance.Finally, the mechanism of salt stress response and the selection of salt-tolerant plants were prospected.
引文
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