鄂尔多斯盆地中部地区致密砂岩储层敏感性及损害机理
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摘要
致密砂岩储层因其具有低孔、低渗、黏土矿物多样以及孔隙结构复杂等特点,在勘探开发过程中比较容易造成严重的储层损害。以鄂尔多斯盆地中部地区M油田致密砂岩储层为研究对象,在岩石学特征、物性特征以及孔隙结构特征研究的基础上,开展了储层敏感性评价,并分析了敏感性损害的机理。结果表明:致密砂岩储层具有中等偏弱速敏、强水敏、强盐敏、弱—中等偏弱碱敏、无酸敏—弱酸敏以及强应力敏,敏感性损害的强弱程度依次为水敏、应力敏、盐敏、速敏、碱敏、酸敏;敏感性损害机理主要与黏土矿物组成和孔隙结构有关,其中伊/蒙混层和蒙脱石的含量较高是形成强水敏和强盐敏的最主要因素,高岭石的存在是引起速敏的主要因素,绿泥石的存在使部分岩样呈弱酸敏性,石英颗粒及铝硅酸盐矿物的溶蚀是造成碱敏的最主要原因,孔隙结构复杂、片状喉道易受力变形、黏土矿物的强度较弱以及有效应力改变是储层具有强应力敏的主要原因。研究结果可为目标区块及同类型致密砂岩储层的高效勘探开发提供参考。
Because of the low porosity, low permeability, various clay minerals, complex pore structure and so on, tight sandstone reservoir is easy to cause serious reservoir damage in the process of the exploration and development. Taking the tight sandstone reservoir of Oilfield M in Central Ordos Basin as the research object, on the bases of the studies on the petrological characteristics, physical properties and pore structure characteristics, the reservoir sensitivity evaluations were carried out, and moreover the mechanisms of the sensitivity damage were analyzed. The results show that the tight sandstone reservoirs have medium to weak velocity sensitivity, strong water sensitivity, strong salt sensitivity, weak to medium alkali sensitivity, no acid sensitivity to weak acid sensitivity and strong stress sensitivity, the degrees of the sensitivity damage are the water sensitivity > the stress sensitivity > the salt sensitivity > the speed sensitivity > the alkali sensitivity > the acid sensitivity; the sensitivity damage mechanisms are mainly related to the clay mineral composition and the pore structure, among them, the rather higher contents of the illite/montmorillonite mixed formation and montmorillonite are the most important factors to form the strong water sensitivity and strong salt sensitivity, the presence of the kaolinite is the main factor to cause the velocity sensitivity, the presence of the chlorite makes the partial rock samples show weak acid sensitivity, the dissolutions of the quartz particles and aluminosilicate minerals are the most main causes of the alkali sensitivity, the complex pore structure, easy-to-deform sheet throat, weaker clay mineral strength and effective stress change are the main reasons for the reservoir with strong stress sensitivity. The study results can provide the references for the high-efficiency exploration and development of the target block and similar tight sandstone reservoirs.
Because of the low porosity, low permeability, various clay minerals, complex pore structure and so on, tight sandstone reservoir is easy to cause serious reservoir damage in the process of the exploration and development. Taking the tight sandstone reservoir of Oilfield M in Central Ordos Basin as the research object, on the bases of the studies on the petrological characteristics, physical properties and pore structure characteristics, the reservoir sensitivity evaluations were carried out, and moreover the mechanisms of the sensitivity damage were analyzed. The results show that the tight sandstone reservoirs have medium to weak velocity sensitivity, strong water sensitivity, strong salt sensitivity, weak to medium alkali sensitivity, no acid sensitivity to weak acid sensitivity and strong stress sensitivity, the degrees of the sensitivity damage are the water sensitivity > the stress sensitivity > the salt sensitivity > the speed sensitivity > the alkali sensitivity > the acid sensitivity; the sensitivity damage mechanisms are mainly related to the clay mineral composition and the pore structure, among them, the rather higher contents of the illite/montmorillonite mixed formation and montmorillonite are the most important factors to form the strong water sensitivity and strong salt sensitivity, the presence of the kaolinite is the main factor to cause the velocity sensitivity, the presence of the chlorite makes the partial rock samples show weak acid sensitivity, the dissolutions of the quartz particles and aluminosilicate minerals are the most main causes of the alkali sensitivity, the complex pore structure, easy-to-deform sheet throat, weaker clay mineral strength and effective stress change are the main reasons for the reservoir with strong stress sensitivity. The study results can provide the references for the high-efficiency exploration and development of the target block and similar tight sandstone reservoirs.
引文
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[2]冷先刚,张志国,陈建文,等.鄂尔多斯盆地合水地区长31油藏油气富集规律[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2016,35(4):38-42.LENG Xiangang,ZHANG Zhiguo,CHEN Jianwen.et al.Hydrocarbon enriching laws for Chang31 reservoir in Heshui area of Ordos Basin[J].Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing,2016,35(4):38-42.
[3]苏中堂,陈洪德,赵俊兴,等.鄂尔多斯盆地中、南部古岩溶发育差异性分析[J].断块油气田,2010,17(5):542-547.SU Zhongtang,CHEN Hongde,ZHAO Junxing,et al.Difference analysis of palaeokarst development in middle and south parts of Ordos Basin[J].Fault-Block Oil & Gas Field,2010,17(5):542-547.
[4]周楚艺.致密砂岩油藏水平井可采储量估算方法[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2018,37(4):161-165.ZHOU Chuyi.Estimating method of the recoverable reserve for the horizontal well in tight sandstone oil reservoirs[J].Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing,2018,37(4):161-165.
[5]赵达,许浩,汪雷,等.临兴地区山西组致密砂岩储层特征及成因探讨[J].岩性油气藏,2016,28(4):51-58.ZHAO Da,XU Hao,WANG Lei,et al.Characteristics and genesis of tight sandstone reservoir of Shanxi Formation in Linxing area,Ordos Basin[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2016,28(4):51-58.
[6]司庆红,司马献章,张超,等.伊川凹陷谭庄组储层特征与致密油成藏条件[J].特种油气藏,2017,24(5):42-47.SI Qinghong,SIMA Xianzhang,ZHANG Chao,et al.Accumulation Conditions for Tanzhuang Formation in Yichuan Depression[J].Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs,2017,24(5):42-47.
[7]YIN Shuai,DING Wenlong,ZHOU Wen,et al.In situ stress field evaluation of deep marine tight sandstone oil reservoir:A case study of Silurian strata in northern Tazhong area,Tarim Basin,NW China[J].Marine & Petroleum Geology,2017,80:49-69.
[8]YIN Shuai,DING Wenlong,SHAN Yuming,et al.A new method for quantitative evaluation of microcrack stress sensitivity of tight sandstone reservoir based on inversion of acoustic data[J].Rock & Soil Mechanics,2017,38(2):409-418.
[9]白云云,孙卫,任大忠.马岭油田致密砂岩储层可动流体赋存特征及控制因素[J].断块油气田,2018,25(4):455-458.BAI Yunyun,SUN Wei,REN Dazhong.Characteristics and controlling factors of movable fluid in low-permeability and tight sandstone reservoirs in Maling Oilfield[J].Fault-Block Oil & Gas Field,2018,25(4):455-458.
[10]袁菁华.松辽盆地北部致密油体积压裂裂缝形成机理及控制方法[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2017,36(2):167-170.YUAN Jinghua.Forming mechanism and controlling method of the fractures for the tight-oil-reservoir volume fracuring in North Songliao Basin[J].Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing,2017,36(2):167-170.
[11]刘春,张荣虎,张惠良,等.致密砂岩储层微孔隙成因类型及地质意义:以库车前陆冲断带超深层储层为例[J].石油学报,2017,38(2):150-159.LIU Chun,ZHANG Ronghu,ZHANG Huiliang,et al.Genetic types and geological significance of micro pores in tight sandstone reservoirs:A case study of the ultra-deep reservoir in the Kuqa foreland thrust belt,NW China[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2017,38(2):150-159.
[12]王香增,任来义,贺永红,等.鄂尔多斯盆地致密油的定义[J].油气地质与采收率,2016,23(1):1-7.WANG Xiangzeng,REN Laiyi,HE Yonghong,et al.Definition of tight oil in Ordos Basin[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2016,23(1):1-7.
[13]丁锐鹏,胡元伟,惠徐宁,等.利用地应力校正致密砂岩储层弹性参数方法[J].钻采工艺,2018,41(2):1-4.DING Ruipeng,HU Yuanwei,HUI Xuning,et al.Elastic parameter correction method of tight sandstone reservoir by in-situ stress[J].Drilling & Production Technology,2018,41(2):1-4.
[14]贾亚宁.低渗致密储层油水渗流特征实验研究[D].西安:西安石油大学,2017.JIA Yaning.Experimental research on oil-water permeability characteristics of low permeability and tight reservoirs[D].Xi'an:Xi'an Shiyou University,2017.
[15]何永宏.鄂尔多斯盆地姬塬油田长8储层敏感性研究[J].断块油气田,2014,21(1):87-91.HE Yonghong.Research on sensitivity of Chang 8 reservoir of Jiyuan Oilfield in Ordos Basin[J].Fault-Block Oil & Gas Field,2014,21(1):87-91.
[16]王玉霞,周立发,焦尊生,等.鄂尔多斯盆地陕北地区延长组致密砂岩储层敏感性评价[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2018,48(4):981-990.WANG Yuxia,ZHOU Lifa,JIAO Zunsheng,et al.Sensitivity evaluation of tight sandstone in Yanchang Formation in Shanbei area,Ordos Basin[J].Journal of Jilin University (Earth Science Edition ),2018,48(4):981-990.
[17] 邵东波,陈建文.鄂尔多斯盆地致密砂岩储层敏感性特征及其控制因素:以新安边地区延长组长6储层为例[J].西安石油大学学报(自然科学版),2017,32(3):55-60.SHAO Dongbo,CHEN Jianwen.Sensitivity of tight sandstone reservoir in Ordos Basin and its controlling factor:Taking the Chang 6 reservoir of Yanchang Formation in Xin'anbian area as example[J].Journal of Xi'an Shiyou University(Natural Science),2017,32(3):55-60.
[18]廖纪佳,唐洪明,朱筱敏,等.特低渗透砂岩储层水敏实验及损害机理研究:以鄂尔多斯盆地西峰油田延长组第8油层为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2012,33(2):321-328.LIAO Jijia,TANG Hongming,ZHU Xiaomin,et al.Water sensitivity experiment and damage mechanism of sandstone reservoirs with ultra-low permeability:A case study of the eighth oil layer in Yanchang Formation of Xifeng Oilfield,Ordos Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2012,33(2):321-328.
[19]李凯,张浩,邵振滨,等.川西南筇竹寺组页岩盐敏性实验评价新方法[J].科学技术与工程,2015,15(29):121-123.LI Kai,ZHANG Hao,SHAO Zhenbin,et al.A new experimental method to evaluate salt sensitivity of shale from Qiongzhusi Formation[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2015,15(29):121-123.
[20]吴小斌,张林胜,万利雪,等.延长气区山西组敏感性实验分析[J].延安大学学报(自然科学版),2018,37(2):53-57.WU Xiaobin,ZHANG Linsheng,WAN Lixue,et al.Sensitivity experiment analysis of Shanxi Formation in Yanchang Gas Field[J].Journal of Yan’an University(Natural Science Edition),2018,37(2):53-57.
[21]张红玉,周芷仪,王培伦,等.大庆油田某区块酸敏储层的酸化液配方体系优选[J].当代化工,2018,47(4):866-869.ZHANG Hongyu,ZHOU Zhiyi,WANG Peilun,et al.Optimization of acidizing fluid formulation system for acid sensitive reservoir in a block of Daqing Oilfield[J].Contemporary Chemical Industry,2018,47(4):866-869.
[22]崔璀,郑荣才,蒋宜勤,等.准噶尔盆地阜东斜坡区头屯河组储层特征及敏感性[J].石油与天然气地质,2018,39(2):196-206.CUI Cui,ZHENG Rongcai,JIANG Yiqin,et al.Characteristics and sensitivity of the Middle Jurassic Toutunhe Formation in Fudong Slope,Junggar Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2018,39(2):196-206.
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