四川省石棉县“7·4”特大泥石流堆积物粒度分布及结构分维
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摘要
运用图算粒度参数法和分形理论对石棉县"2013·7·4"特大泥石流堆积物的粒度参数(平均粒径、分选系数、偏度、峰态)和结构维数进行研究分析。研究表明:通过粒度参数法分析,后沟、熊家沟和马颈子沟特大泥石流堆积物分选性分别为差、很差、很差,沉积均已以粗组分为主;通过分形理论分析,后沟、熊家沟和马颈子沟特大泥石流均属于粘性泥石流,且粒度分布不均匀。粒度参数分析和结构维数计算相结合可以很好地了解"2013·7·4"特大泥石流堆积物的分选性、粒度分布情况、泥石流的类型等,为研究区泥石流的形成、运动、堆积特征和数值模拟研究提供参考依据和数据。
The Grain-size distribution and structural dimension analysis of the accumulation zone of the debris flow was accomplished with the graphic method and fractal theory. Results show that the giant debris flow deposits in Hou gully, Xiongjia gully and Majingzi gully are bad sorting, very bad sorting, and very bad sorting, and the components mainly consist of deposit coarse grain. According to fractal theory, it can be known that those three giant debris flow gullies are viscous, and their grain sizes are non-uni-form. Results show that comprehensive utilization of grain-size distribution and structural dimension analysis could understand sorting, grain-size distribution and type of "7·4" giant debris-flow deposits very well. It also can provide reference data to formation, movement, accumulation characteristics,numerical simulation, etc.
The Grain-size distribution and structural dimension analysis of the accumulation zone of the debris flow was accomplished with the graphic method and fractal theory. Results show that the giant debris flow deposits in Hou gully, Xiongjia gully and Majingzi gully are bad sorting, very bad sorting, and very bad sorting, and the components mainly consist of deposit coarse grain. According to fractal theory, it can be known that those three giant debris flow gullies are viscous, and their grain sizes are non-uni-form. Results show that comprehensive utilization of grain-size distribution and structural dimension analysis could understand sorting, grain-size distribution and type of "7·4" giant debris-flow deposits very well. It also can provide reference data to formation, movement, accumulation characteristics,numerical simulation, etc.
引文
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[11]成都地质学院陕北队.沉积岩(物)粒度分析及其应用[M].地质出版社,1978:44-53.Chengdu College of Geology.Sedimentary rock(content)particle size analysis and its application[M].Geological Publishing House,1978:44-53.(in Chinese)
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[14]倪化勇,宋志.沟床侵蚀主导型泥石流形成机理与成灾特征一以石棉县2013-07-04群发泥石流为例[J].自然灾害学报,2015,24(2):97-106.Ni H Y,Song Zh.Formation mechanism and disaster characteristics of debris flows originated predominately from gully erosion:taking the 2013-07-04 clusted debris flows in Shimian County as an example[J].Journal of Natural Disasters,2015,24(2):97-106.(in Chinese)
[15]陈冬梅,穆桂金.不同沉积环境下沉积物的粒度分形特征的对比研究[J].干旱区地理,2004,27(1):47-51.Chen D M,Mu G J,Comparising study of grain-size fractal dimensions characteristics between several sediments with different forming environments[J].Arid Land Geography,2004,27(1):47-51.(in Chinese)
[16]常鸣,唐川.基于水动力的典型矿山泥石流运动模式研究[J].水利学报,2014,27(1):1318-1326.Chang M,Tang Ch.Study on typical movement model in mine debris flow based on hydrodynamic force conditions[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2014,27(1):1318-1326.(in Chinese)
[2]倪化勇,吕学军,杨德伟.川藏公路培龙沟路段堆积物的分形特征及其地质意义[J].工程地质学报,2005,13(4):451-454.Ni H Y,Lyu X J,Yang D W.Fractal feature and geological significance of accumulations at Pei long section along sichuan-tibet highway[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2005,13(4):451-454.(in Chinese)
[3]倪化勇,刘希林.泥石流灾害的分形研究[J].灾害学,2005,20(4):18-22.Ni H Y,Liu X L.Fractal research on debris flow disaster[J].Journal of Catastrophology,2005,20(4):18-22.(in Chinese)
[4]倪化勇,刘希林.泥石流粒度分维值的初步研究[J].水土保持研究,2006,13(1):89-91.Ni H Y,Liu X L.A preliminary study on debris flow grain-size fractal dimension[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2006,13(1):89-91.(in Chinese)
[5]倪化勇,刘希林.泥石流堆积物的粒度分布及其分形结构[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2008,28(3):35-40.Ni H Y,Liu X L.Grain-size distribution and fractal structures of solid grains in debris-flow deposits[J].Sedimentary Geology and Tethyan Geology,2008,28(3):35-40.(in Chinese)
[6]易顺民.泥石流堆积物的分形结构特征[J].自然灾害学报,1994,3(2):91-96.Yi Sh M.The fractal structure features of accumulation in debris-flow[J].Journal of Naturald Disters,1994,3(2):91-96.(in Chinese)
[7]杨伟,崔鹏,庄建琦.泥石流堆积物粒度分形特征及影响因素分析[J].水土保持通报,2012,32(2):80-83.Yang W,Cui P,Zhuang J Q.Particle-size s fractal Characteristics of debris-flow deposits and associated influencing factors[J].Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,32(2):80-83.(in Chinese)
[8]李泳,陈晓清,胡凯衡.泥石流颗粒组成的分析特征[J].地理学报,2005,6(30):495-502.Li Y.Chen X Q,Hu K H.Fractality of grain composition of debris flows[J].Acta Ageograpbical Sinica,2005,6(30):495-502.(in Chinese)
[9]黄芮,陈剑平,李会中.基于φ值粒度成分分析的泥石流动力特性[J].吉林大学学报,2011,41(1):182-187.Huang R,Chen J P,Li H Zh.Dynimic characteristics of debris flow baseed on the granularmetric analysis of the value ofφ[J].Journal of Jin Lin University,2011,41(1):182-187.(in Chinese)
[10]黄双,陈剑平,潘玉珍,等.分形理论在泥石流危险度评价中的应用[J].吉林大学学报,2011,42(3):214-219.Huang Sh,Chen J P,Pan Y Zh,et al.Application of fractal theory in debris flow risk evaluation[J].Journal of Jin Lin University,2011,42(3):214-219.(in Chinese)
[11]成都地质学院陕北队.沉积岩(物)粒度分析及其应用[M].地质出版社,1978:44-53.Chengdu College of Geology.Sedimentary rock(content)particle size analysis and its application[M].Geological Publishing House,1978:44-53.(in Chinese)
[12]谢宇平.第四纪地质学及地貌学[M].北京:地质出版社,1996.Xie Y P.The quaternary geology and geomorphology[M].Beijing:Geology Publishing House,1996.(in Chinese)
[13]杨建,陈家军,杨周喜,等.松散砂粒孔隙结构、孔隙分形特征及渗透率研究[J].水文地质工程质,2008,35(3):93-98.Yang J,Chen J J,Yang Zh X,et al.A study of pore structure,pore fractal feature and permeability of un-consolidated sand[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,2008,35(3):93-98.(in Chinese)
[14]倪化勇,宋志.沟床侵蚀主导型泥石流形成机理与成灾特征一以石棉县2013-07-04群发泥石流为例[J].自然灾害学报,2015,24(2):97-106.Ni H Y,Song Zh.Formation mechanism and disaster characteristics of debris flows originated predominately from gully erosion:taking the 2013-07-04 clusted debris flows in Shimian County as an example[J].Journal of Natural Disasters,2015,24(2):97-106.(in Chinese)
[15]陈冬梅,穆桂金.不同沉积环境下沉积物的粒度分形特征的对比研究[J].干旱区地理,2004,27(1):47-51.Chen D M,Mu G J,Comparising study of grain-size fractal dimensions characteristics between several sediments with different forming environments[J].Arid Land Geography,2004,27(1):47-51.(in Chinese)
[16]常鸣,唐川.基于水动力的典型矿山泥石流运动模式研究[J].水利学报,2014,27(1):1318-1326.Chang M,Tang Ch.Study on typical movement model in mine debris flow based on hydrodynamic force conditions[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2014,27(1):1318-1326.(in Chinese)